4.7 Review

Delivering precision antimicrobial therapy through closed-loop control systems

Journal

JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY
Volume 73, Issue 4, Pages 835-843

Publisher

OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkx458

Keywords

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Funding

  1. National Institute for Health Research Invention for Innovation Grant (i4i), Enhanced, Personalized and Integrated Care for Infection Management at Point of Care (EPIC IMPOC) [II-LA-0214-20008]
  2. Engineering, Medicine, Natural Sciences and Physical Sciences Bridging Research in Antimicrobial resistance: Collaboration and Exchange (EMBRACE), Imperial College Antimicrobial Research Collaborative
  3. Imperial College Biomedical Research Centre (BRC)
  4. Australian National Health and Medical Research Council for Centre of Research Excellence [APP1099452]
  5. Practitioner Fellowship [APP1117065]
  6. National Institutes of Health Research (NIHR) [II-LA-0214-20008, RP-2015-06-018] Funding Source: National Institutes of Health Research (NIHR)
  7. National Institute for Health Research [NF-SI-0617-10176, RP-2015-06-018, II-LA-0214-20008, NIHR/CS/009/007, II-LA-0313-20004] Funding Source: researchfish

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Sub-optimal exposure to antimicrobial therapy is associated with poor patient outcomes and the development of antimicrobial resistance. Mechanisms for optimizing the concentration of a drug within the individual patient are under development. However, several barriers remain in realizing true individualization of therapy. These include problems with plasma drug sampling, availability of appropriate assays, and current mechanisms for dose adjustment. Biosensor technology offers a means of providing real-time monitoring of antimicrobials in a minimally invasive fashion. We report the potential for using microneedle biosensor technology as part of closed-loop control systems for the optimization of antimicrobial therapy in individual patients.

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