Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Najam A. Sharif
Summary: Chronically raised intraocular pressure (IOP) in glaucoma patients leads to serious vision loss due to progressive degeneration of retinal and brain neurons involved in visual perception. Ocular hypertension (OHT) is a major risk factor, resulting from the accumulation of excess aqueous humor (AQH) fluid in the eye. Despite advances in pharmaceuticals and treatments, early diagnosis of OHT and glaucoma still requires further attention.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Yi-Ching Chu, Pei-Yao Chang, Jia-Kang Wang, Tzu-Lun Huang, Yung-Ray Hsu
Summary: In patients with open angle glaucoma, planning selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT) can significantly reduce intraocular pressure, even without actually performing the laser treatment.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Cristina Minnelli, Francesco Piva, Monia Cecati, Tatiana Armeni, Giovanna Mobbili, Roberta Galeazzi, Alberto Melecchi, Martina Cristaldi, Roberta Corsaro, Dario Rusciano
Summary: MID is a synthetic drug that decreases the availability of L-carnitine, which is important for mitochondria energy generation, thus modulating energy metabolism pathways. It has shown protective effects on blood vessels in models of endothelial dysfunction induced by high glucose or hypertension.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Xiaobin Xu, Zixuan Liu, Liqiang Wang, Yifei Huang, He Yang
Summary: In this paper, a thin-film integrated optical IOP sensor based on the interferometry principle was designed to read out the IOP value by interference patterns and monitor the value changes real-time. The results showed that our sensor exhibited a sensitivity of 0.19 mu m/mmHg and an average accuracy of 0.84 mmHg over the pressure range of 0-45 mmHg, with the advantage of easier fabrication process and low-cost compared to other optical systems. Our sensor device implies great potential in the application of human physiological index measurement and other chip-integrated medical sensing instruments.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Rosalia Moreddu, Nasim Mahmoodi, Panagiotis Kassanos, Daniele Vigolo, Paula M. Mendes, Ali K. Yetisen
Summary: Intraocular pressure is a crucial physiological parameter in ocular health, but its variability can lead to measurement errors. Developing portable solutions for continuous monitoring the IOP is a critical goal in ophthalmology.
ACS APPLIED POLYMER MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Sameh Mosaed, Andrew K. Smith, John H. K. Liu, Donald S. Minckler, Robert L. Fitzgerald, David Grelotti, Emily Sones, Robert N. Weinreb, Thomas D. Marcotte
Summary: This study found a significant correlation between plasma levels of THC and reduction in intraocular pressure (IOP). However, plasma levels of THC higher than 20 ng/ml did not further decrease IOP.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Jan Pals, Hanneke W. Mensink, Erwin Brosens, Robert M. Verdijk, Nicole C. Naus, Dion A. Paridaens, Emine Kilic, Wishal D. Ramdas
Summary: The use of eye drops that lower intraocular pressure by stimulating outflow of fluid (aqueous humor) may increase the risk of metastasis and mortality in patients with uveal melanomas. It is recommended to avoid using intraocular pressure-lowering medications that increase aqueous humor outflow in patients with (presumed) uveal melanomas.
Article
Ophthalmology
Wungrak Choi, Hyoung Won Bae, Hye Jung Shin, Eun Woo Kim, Chan Yun Kim, Min Kim, Gong Je Seong
Summary: This study developed two nomograms to predict a safety zone for intravitreal DEX implantation. These can be used to identify individuals who may be safely prescribed steroid treatments and for whom extra caution should be exercised.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Ophthalmology
Filipe Da Silva, Madalena Lira
Summary: Glaucoma is a leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide, and the measurement of intraocular pressure is crucial for its diagnosis and management. The importance of corneal biomechanical properties in intraocular pressure measurement is increasingly recognized. The development of new instruments has the potential to improve the accuracy and convenience of intraocular pressure measurement.
SURVEY OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
Kaweh Mansouri, Harsha L. Rao, Robert N. Weinreb
Summary: The study found that patients with primary open-angle glaucoma have moderate short-term and high long-term variability in intraocular pressure (IOP). Single IOP measurements are not sufficient to capture day-to-day variations in IOP, highlighting the importance of continual IOP monitoring in glaucoma patients.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Michelle. T. T. Sun, Matthew Tran, Kuldev Singh, Robert Chang, Huaizhou Wang, Yang Sun
Summary: The rising prevalence of myopia worldwide is raising concerns among clinicians due to its association with severe ocular diseases like glaucoma. Managing glaucoma in patients with high myopia can be challenging, as clinical features and imaging technology may not accurately diagnose the condition, especially in those with normal intraocular pressures. Long-term follow-up and monitoring are crucial in detecting early glaucomatous changes in high-risk myopic patients. This review discusses the complex relationship between myopia and glaucoma, as well as the limitations of current diagnostic protocols.
Article
Ophthalmology
Diana C. Lozano, Hari Jayaram, William O. Cepurna, Shandiz Tehrani, Lina Gao, Suzanne S. Fei, Dongseok Choi, Elaine C. Johnson, John C. Morrison
Summary: The purpose of this study was to clarify the gene expression responses in the optic nerve head (ONH) associated with single exposure to elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) in relation to chronic models of elevated IOP. The findings showed that the gene expression changed over time in the PT-CEI model, including upregulation of defense response, cell cycle, and immune response-related genes. These results contribute to a better understanding of optic nerve damage.
INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Yujin Zhao, Chang Huang, Zhutian Zhang, Jiaxu Hong, Jianjiang Xu, Xinghuai Sun, Jianguo Sun
Summary: A highly efficient brimonidine silicone rubber implant has been developed for sustained reduction of intraocular pressure and treatment of glaucoma. The implant shows sustained release, good biocompatibility, and effectively reduces intraocular pressure for an extended period.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Shih-Kung Huang, Mai Ishii, Yuki Mizuki, Tatukata Kawagoe, Masaki Takeuchi, Eiichi Nomura, Nobuhisa Mizuki
Summary: This study aimed to compare circadian intraocular pressure (IOP) fluctuations before and after the administration of 0.4% ripasudil eye drops in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and normal tension glaucoma (NTG) using a contact lens sensor (CLS). The results showed that the reduction in IOP fluctuation and the standard deviation (SD) of IOP during 24 hours, awake time, and sleep time did not reach statistical significance. Further research is needed to evaluate the relationship between low baseline IOP and attenuated IOP fluctuation reduction.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Vaishali Y. Londhe, Sushmita Sharma
Summary: This study aimed to develop a topically effective sustained release ophthalmic liposomal gel containing Methazolamide. By optimizing the liposomal formulation and gel composition, the researchers successfully achieved a significant reduction in intraocular pressure.
JOURNAL OF DRUG DELIVERY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Federica Conti, Francesca Lazzara, Giovanni Luca Romano, Chiara Bianca Maria Platania, Filippo Drago, Claudio Bucolo
Summary: Caffeine can alleviate retinal inflammation, restore retinal cell barrier function, and maintain normal levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the retina. These findings suggest that caffeine is a good candidate for combating inflammation in retinal diseases.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
Claudio Furino, Valeria Albano, Michela Mangione, Roberta Galati, Maria D'Addario, Michele Reibaldi, Francesco Boscia, Giovanni Alessio
Summary: This pilot study explores the use of optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) in evaluating the dry macula of neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) treated with a treat-and-extend (T&E) aflibercept regimen. The study suggests that OCT-A may be useful in determining the optimal approach for adjusting injection intervals based on changes in CNV size.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Francesco Petrillo, Arianna Petrillo, Maddalena Marrapodi, Carlo Capristo, Maria Francesca Gicchino, Paolo Montaldo, Elisabetta Caredda, Michele Reibaldi, Lara M. Boatti, Federica Dell'Annunziata, Veronica Folliero, Marilena Galdiero
Summary: The ocular microbiome plays a crucial role in maintaining immune eye homeostasis, and its composition can be altered by antibiotic prophylaxis.
Article
Ophthalmology
Tito Fiore, Marco Lupidi, Alessio Cerquaglia, Fabrizio Giansanti, Michele Reibaldi, Barbara Iaccheri, Davide Tucci, Marco Messina, Carlo Cagini
Summary: Retrospective analysis shows that OCT changes after acute postoperative endophthalmitis can be persistent or self-resolving, and seem to be related to the progression of infection/inflammation from the vitreous cavity to the inner and outer retina, rather than to the surgery.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Velia D'Agata, Agata Grazia D'Amico, Grazia Maugeri, Claudio Bucolo, Settimio Rossi, Salvatore Giunta
Summary: This study found that carnosol can protect retinal vascular endothelium from the damage caused by high glucose by activating the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. This suggests that carnosol may be a valuable drug for the treatment of diabetic retinopathy.
JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lucia Longhitano, Giuseppe Broggi, Sebastiano Giallongo, Maria Failla, Lidia Puzzo, Teresio Avitabile, Daniele Tibullo, Alfio Distefano, Valeria Pittala, Michele Reibaldi, Guido Nicola Zanghi, Antonio Longo, Andrea Russo, Rosario Caltabiano, Giovanni Li Volti, Nicolo Musso
Summary: The study revealed the important role of HO-1 in regulating uveal melanoma progression, with an increase of HO-1 promoting cellular proliferation and wound healing ability of tumor cells, suggesting HO-1 protein expression may serve as a potential prognostic and therapeutic factor in UM patients.
Article
Ophthalmology
Claudio Furino, Alfredo Niro, Michele Reibaldi, Francesco Boscia, Giovanni Alessio
Summary: The safety and efficacy of intraoperative DEX implant in patients with DME undergoing FLACS were assessed. The results showed that DEX implant significantly improved visual acuity and central retinal thickness in these patients.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Matteo Fallico, Antonio Longo, Teresio Avitabile, Pietro Alosi, Marco Grillo, Niccolo Castellino, Vincenza Bonfiglio, Michele Reibaldi, Francesco Pignatelli, Andrea Russo
Summary: This study investigated macular microvascular alterations after successful scleral buckling for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. The results showed that microvascular changes were present after surgery, but VD impairment seemed to be mitigated postoperatively. A greater increase in postoperative axial length was associated with a poorer VD outcome.
Article
Ophthalmology
Enrico Borrelli, Alessandro Berni, Maria Lucia Cascavilla, Costanza Barresi, Marco Battista, Giorgio Lari, Michele Reibaldi, Francesco Bandello, Piero Barboni
Summary: This retrospective study examined the relationship between demographics, clinical characteristics, and structural OCT findings and long-term visual outcomes in patients with LHON treated with idebenone therapy. The results showed that the thickness of GC-IPL in the macula was associated with final BCVA at 2 years in these patients.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Martina Di Bartolomeo, Tibor Stark, Serena Di Martino, Fabio Arturo Iannotti, Jana Ruda-Kucerova, Giovanni Luca Romano, Martin Kuchar, Samuele Laudani, Petr Palivec, Fabiana Piscitelli, Carsten T. Wotjak, Claudio Bucolo, Filippo Drago, Vincenzo Di Marzo, Claudio D'Addario, Vincenzo Micale
Summary: Adolescent exposure to cannabinoids, such as THC, may increase the risk of psychosis in individuals exposed to perinatal insult. In this study, the researchers examined the effects of peripubertal THC exposure on rats that were also exposed to prenatal methylazoxymethanol acetate (MAM) or perinatal THC (pTHC). They found that the rats exposed to MAM or pTHC exhibited adult phenotypes relevant to schizophrenia, including social withdrawal and cognitive impairment. The researchers also observed changes in gene expression and DNA methylation, suggesting potential molecular mechanisms underlying these effects.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Matilde Buzzi, Guglielmo Parisi, Paola Marolo, Francesco Gelormini, Mariantonia Ferrara, Raffaele Raimondi, Davide Allegrini, Tommaso Rossi, Michele Reibaldi, Mario R. Romano
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the short-term efficacy and safety of autologous platelet-rich plasma (a-PRP) as an adjuvant treatment for refractory full-thickness macular holes (rFTMHs). A total of 28 eyes from 27 patients with rFTMHs received a-PRP treatment after primary repair. At the six-month follow-up, the overall closure rate was 92.9% and visual acuity significantly improved. No intraoperative or postoperative complications were reported. Therefore, a-PRP can be an effective adjuvant treatment for rFTMHs.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Angela Maione, Annalisa Buonanno, Marilena Galdiero, Elisabetta de Alteriis, Francesco Petrillo, Michele Reibaldi, Marco Guida, Emilia Galdiero
Summary: This study evaluated the antimicrobial effects of Resolvin D1 (RvD1) on Staphylococcus aureus and Candida parapsilosis, as well as its activity against mixed biofilms. The results showed that both the bacteria and fungi were inhibited at minimum concentration values between 5 and 10 mu g mL(-1). Additionally, RvD1 demonstrated eradication capability of 60% and 80% for single- and mixed-species biofilms, respectively. These findings suggest that RvD1 is a promising alternative for the treatment of bacterial/fungal infections.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Paola Marolo, Enrico Borrelli, Francesco Gelormini, Giacomo Boscia, Guglielmo Parisi, Matteo Fallico, Costanza Barresi, Giorgio Lari, Alessandro Berni, Francesco Bandello, Michele Reibaldi
Summary: This study aims to determine the retinal thickness deviation (RTD) in eyes with diabetic macular edema (DME) treated with intravitreal therapy and establish associations between RTD and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA). Retrospective analysis was conducted on DME patients undergoing intravitreal therapy. Results showed that RTD had a moderate association with BCVA at different time points and could be used as a reference for visual outcomes in DME eyes treated with intravitreal therapy.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Infectious Diseases
Francesco Petrillo, Marica Sinoca, Antonio Maria Fea, Marilena Galdiero, Angela Maione, Emilia Galdiero, Marco Guida, Michele Reibaldi
Summary: Fungi, particularly Candida species, are a significant cause of microbial eye infections, leading to sight-threatening diseases and irreversible vision loss. Diagnosing and treating these infections is challenging, and biofilm formation by Candida makes it a dangerous pathogen. This review provides an overview of the current knowledge on the pathology, diagnosis, and treatment of ocular Candida infections. It also explores the potential of natural compounds, such as nanoparticles and nanocarriers, as drug delivery systems, and discusses the effectiveness of drug combinations in combating difficult-to-treat Candida infections.
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Salvatore Giunta, Agata Grazia D'Amico, Grazia Maugeri, Claudio Bucolo, Giovanni Luca Romano, Settimio Rossi, Chiara M. Eandi, Elisabetta Pricoco, Velia D'Agata
Summary: In the area of drug discovery, repurposing strategies are used to discover new uses of approved drugs. In this study, the effects of DMF on early injury associated with diabetic retinopathy were investigated. The results showed that DMF can counteract the inflammatory process and the oxidative response in diabetic retinopathy.
