Review
Clinical Neurology
Jessica M. Cassidy, Jasper Mark, Steven C. Cramer
Summary: Stroke is a major cause of disability, and predicting post-stroke recovery is challenging. Neuroimaging-based biomarkers, particularly those measuring structural and functional connectivity of the brain, have shown potential in predicting motor recovery after stroke. This review explores the use of functional neural network connectivity measurements obtained from various imaging techniques in describing and predicting post-stroke behavioral status and recovery. The authors argue for the importance of implementing a causal inference framework in stroke research to move from association to causation.
Review
Clinical Neurology
Mouna Tahmi, Veronica A. Kane, Marykay A. Pavol, Imama A. Naqvi
Summary: Post-stroke cognitive impairment affects a significant number of patients, and neuroimaging techniques can be used as biomarkers to predict cognitive recovery, guiding treatment and rehabilitation methods.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jungsoo Lee, Yun-Hee Kim
Summary: In this study, the role of cognition-related networks on upper extremity motor recovery in subacute stroke patients was investigated using neuroimaging data. The results showed that cognition-related networks and motor-related networks were correlated with the recovery score of upper extremity motor function. Interaction effects between motor- and cognition-related networks were found in motor recovery, suggesting that cognition-related networks are particularly important in motor recovery for patients with weaker motor-related networks.
NEUROREHABILITATION AND NEURAL REPAIR
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Sanjay Pandey, Juho Joutsa, Raja Mehanna, Aparna Wagle Shukla, Federico Rodriguez-Porcel, Alberto J. Espay
Summary: Poststroke movement disorders (PSMDs) are a common cause of secondary movement disorders. However, there are many knowledge gaps in terms of clinical definitions, stroke symptom latencies, and biomarkers for vulnerability for or resilience against developing PSMDs. After summarizing the existing evidence, a roadmap for future research is proposed to fill these gaps and resolve the related controversies. Further research is needed in the phenomenology, classification, diagnostic criteria, and pathophysiology of PSMDs, as well as the development of treatment guidelines.
MOVEMENT DISORDERS
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Lidia Wlodarczyk, Natalia Cichon, Joanna Saluk-Bijak, Michal Bijak, Agata Majos, Elzbieta Miller
Summary: Stroke, as a leading cause of disability, poses challenges to the healthcare system and society. Recent studies focus on stroke recovery, particularly angiogenesis and neuroplasticity. Neuroimaging techniques offer indirect descriptions and quantifiable indicators of these processes and therapeutic responses, enabling personalized treatment interventions and novel rehabilitation strategies.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Rachana Gangwani, Amelia Cain, Amy Collins, Jessica M. Cassidy
Summary: Personal factors such as self-efficacy and motivation play a significant role in post-stroke rehabilitation outcomes. Neuroimaging can provide insights into the neural substrates underlying these factors, potentially advancing the field of stroke rehabilitation research.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jungsoo Lee, Won Hyuk Chang, Jong-Won Chung, Soo-Kyoung Kim, Jin Soo Lee, Sung-Il Sohn, Yun-Hee Kim, Oh Young Bang
Summary: This study investigated the changes in neuroimaging measures using stem cell-based therapy in patients with ischemic stroke. The results showed that stem cell-based therapy can protect the corticospinal tract against degeneration and enhance positive changes in network reorganization to facilitate motor recovery after stroke.
Article
Clinical Neurology
J. Lee, H. Kim, J. Kim, H. -J. Lee, W. H. Chang, Y. -H. Kim
Summary: Our study found that predictive factors for upper extremity (UE) and lower extremity (LE) motor recovery post-stroke differ. Recovery of UE motor function is associated with age, NIHSS, MMSE, CST lesion load, lesion volume, ipsilesional CST integrity and interhemispheric homotopic functional connectivity, while LE motor recovery is related to ipsilesional and contralesional CST integrity and MMSE. Importantly, LE recovery is more closely linked to the preservation of cognitive function compared to UE.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Daniel S. Marin-Medina, Paula A. Arenas-Vargas, Juan C. Arias-Botero, Manuela Gomez-Vasquez, Manuel F. Jaramillo-Lopez, Jorge M. Gaspar-Toro
Summary: After a stroke, neural plasticity mechanisms can be activated for significant recovery. Rehabilitation therapies aim to restore tissue and reorganize neural connections. New technologies such as brain-computer interfaces, robot-assisted and virtual reality therapies, brain stimulation, and cell therapies have emerged as promising options for better functional outcomes.
NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Aleksandra Malachowska, Marzena Jezewska-Zychowicz
Summary: The study adapted the CFPQ to measure adults' recollections of their childhood feeding experiences and identified five subscales related to adults' food choices. The findings suggest that certain childhood feeding practices, such as pressure and food reward, are associated with higher intake of sweets and salty snacks in adulthood, while others, like healthy eating guidance and monitoring, are linked to greater consumption of fresh fruits and vegetables.
Article
Neurosciences
Anna K. Bonkhoff, Markus D. Schirmer, Martin Bretzner, Mark Etherton, Kathleen Donahue, Carissa Tuozzo, Marco Nardin, Anne-Katrin Giese, Ona Wu, Vince D. Calhoun, Christian Grefkes, Natalia S. Rost
Summary: This study aimed to explore the whole-brain dynamic functional connectivity patterns in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients and their relation to stroke severity. The research identified differences in dynamic connectivity configurations between patients with different levels of stroke severity and highlighted the importance of dynamic connectivity involving default mode network components for recovery in the first 3 months poststroke.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Zhengrun Gao, Zhen Pang, Gaowei Lei, Yiming Chen, Zeyu Cai, Shuai Zhu, Weishan Lin, Zilong Qiu, Yizheng Wang, Yundong Shen, Wendong Xu
Summary: Crossing nerve transfer surgery can restore limb movements by inducing cortical remapping and promoting corticospinal tract sprouting.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Chensheng Pan, Guohua Chen, Ping Jing, Guo Li, Yuanhao Li, Jinfeng Miao, Wenzhe Sun, Yanyan Wang, Yan Lan, Xiuli Qiu, Xin Zhao, Junhua Mei, Shanshan Huang, Lifei Lian, Zhou Zhu, Suiqiang Zhu
Summary: This study aimed to identify the neural substrate of poststroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) and assess the predictive value of disconnection score. It was found that PSCI lesions were more likely to have fiber connections with the left prefrontal cortex and left deep structures. Disconnection score was independently associated with PSCI and significantly improved prediction models when added to existing predictors.
Article
Neurosciences
Klara J. Lohkamp, Amanda J. Kiliaan, Justin Shenk, Vivienne Verweij, Maximilian Wiesmann
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects of voluntary exercise in stroke-induced mice and to reveal the underlying mechanisms affecting recovery of brain networks and cognition. The results showed that voluntary exercise promoted recovery of myelin density and improved motor skills, with immunomodulatory properties post-stroke.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Silvia Salvalaggio, Andrea Turolla, Martina Ando, Rita Barresi, Francesca Burgio, Pierpaolo Busan, Anna Maria Cortese, Daniela D'Imperio, Laura Danesin, Giulio Ferrazzi, Lorenza Maistrello, Eleonora Mascotto, Ilaria Parrotta, Rachele Pezzetta, Elena Rigon, Anna Vedovato, Sara Zago, Marco Zorzi, Giorgio Arcara, Dante Mantini, Nicola Filippini
Summary: This article introduces cross-modality protocols to investigate the effects of rehabilitation treatment in stroke survivors. The protocols include rehabilitation programs, clinical assessments, and physiological/imaging techniques. The integration of advanced techniques and assessment measures will help develop a predictive model of recovery in stroke patients.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Letter
Critical Care Medicine
Asha M. Anandaiah, Nicholas S. Ward
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Maria Rubega, Emanuela Formaggio, Franco Molteni, Eleonora Guanziroli, Roberto Di Marco, Claudio Baracchini, Mario Ermani, Nick S. Ward, Stefano Masiero, Alessandra Del Felice
Summary: This study investigated the fractal changes in resting-state EEG signals after stroke, finding that both Higuchi index and Tortuosity values were significantly lower in stroke survivors, indicating less complex brain activity. These metrics show promise in tracking behavioral changes post-stroke and may be reliable biomarkers for neurorehabilitation.
Editorial Material
Clinical Neurology
India Walford, Jane Maryam Rondina, Nick Ward
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY NEUROSURGERY AND PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jonathan G. Best, Gareth Ambler, Duncan Wilson, Keon-Joo Lee, Jae-Sung Lim, Masayuki Shiozawa, Masatoshi Koga, Linxin Li, Caroline Lovelock, Hugues Chabriat, Michael Hennerici, Yuen Kwun Wong, Henry Ka Fung Mak, Luis Prats-Sanchez, Alejandro Martinez-Domeno, Shigeru Inamura, Kazuhisa Yoshifuji, Ethem Murat Arsava, Solveig Horstmann, Jan Purrucker, Bonnie Yin Ka Lam, Adrian Wong, Young Dae Kim, Tae-Jin Song, Robin Lemmens, Sebastian Eppinger, Thomas Gattringer, Ender Uysal, Zeynep Tanriverdi, Natan M. Bornstein, Einor Ben Assayag, Hen Hallevi, Jeremy Molad, Masashi Nishihara, Jun Tanaka, Shelagh B. Coutts, Alexandros Polymeris, Benjamin Wagner, David J. Seiffge, Philippe Lyrer, Ale Algra, L. Jaap Kappelle, Rustam Al-Shahi Salman, Hans R. Jager, Gregory Y. H. Lip, Urs Fischer, Marwan El-Koussy, Jean-Louis Mas, Laurence Legrand, Christopher Karayiannis, Thanh Phan, Sarah Gunkel, Nicolas Christ, Jill Abrigo, Thomas Leung, Winnie Chu, Francesca Chappell, Stephen Makin, Derek Hayden, David J. Williams, Werner H. Mess, Paul J. Nederkoorn, Carmen Barbato, Simone Browning, Kim Wiegertjes, Anil M. Tuladhar, Noortje Maaijwee, Anne Cristine Guevarra, Chathuri Yatawara, Anne-Marie Mendyk, Christine Delmaire, Sebastian Kohler, Robert van Oostenbrugge, Ying Zhou, Chao Xu, Saima Hilal, Bibek Gyanwali, Christopher Chen, Min Lou, Julie Staals, Regis Bordet, Nagaendran Kandiah, Frank-Erik de Leeuw, Robert Simister, Jeroen Hendrikse, Peter J. Kelly, Joanna Wardlaw, Yannie Soo, Felix Fluri, Velandai Srikanth, David Calvet, Simon Jung, Vincent I. H. Kwa, Stefan T. Engelter, Nils Peters, Eric E. Smith, Hideo Hara, Yusuke Yakushiji, Dilek Necioglu Orken, Franz Fazekas, Vincent Thijs, Ji Hoe Heo, Vincent Mok, Roland Veltkamp, Hakan Ay, Toshio Imaizumi, Beatriz Gomez-Anson, Kui Kai Lau, Eric Jouvent, Peter M. Rothwell, Kazunori Toyoda, Hee-Joon Bae, Joan Marti-Fabregas, David J. Werring
Summary: This study developed new risk scores incorporating clinical variables and cerebral microbleeds for predicting the long-term risks of intracranial haemorrhage and ischaemic stroke in patients prescribed antithrombotic therapy for secondary stroke prevention. The risk models showed good predictive value and calibration, providing potential clinical utility. External validation of the models is recommended.
Letter
Clinical Neurology
Belen Rubio Ballester, Nick S. Ward, Fran Brander, Martina Maier, Kate Kelly, Paul F. M. J. Verschure
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY NEUROSURGERY AND PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Sasha Ondobaka, William De Doncker, Nick Ward, Annapoorna Kuppuswamy
Summary: Persistent fatigue is a common symptom in psychiatric and neurological conditions, including stroke. This study used MRI and transcranial magnetic stimulation to explore the neuronal mechanisms underlying post-stroke fatigue. The findings suggest that the balance in inter-hemispheric inhibitory effects between primary motor regions may contribute to subjective post-stroke fatigue.
Article
Rehabilitation
Pedro Douglass-Kirk, Mick Grierson, Nick S. Ward, Fran Brander, Kate Kelly, Will Chegwidden, Dhiren Shivji, Lauren Stewart
Summary: The purpose of this study was to assess the use of real-time auditory feedback in reducing abnormal movements during active reaching tasks in patients with chronic stroke. The results showed that patients significantly reduced the duration of abnormal movements when they received auditory feedback. Therefore, real-time auditory feedback can help improve movement quality in patients with chronic stroke.
DISABILITY AND REHABILITATION
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Guendalina B. Bonifacio, Nick S. Ward, Hedley C. A. Emsley, Jon Cooper, Julie Bernhardt
Summary: Stroke can cause disability and impact quality of life. Individualized multidisciplinary neurorehabilitation can optimize recovery. Rehabilitation should start early, be ongoing, and involve effective teamwork.
PRACTICAL NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Clinical Neurology
Nick Ward
Editorial Material
Clinical Neurology
Nick Ward
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY NEUROSURGERY AND PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Biology
Catharina Zich, Andrew J. Quinn, James J. Bonaiuto, George O'Neill, Lydia C. Mardell, Nick S. Ward, Sven Bestmann
Summary: Beta oscillations in the human sensorimotor cortex exhibit burst activity in intermittent periods of high-power, and these bursts are associated with various sensory and motor processes. The precise spatiotemporal structure of beta burst activity remains unclear, but it is suggested that they play a role in information coding and communication. In this study, using magnetoencephalography recordings, we observed that burst activity in the sensorimotor cortex occurs in planar spatiotemporal wave-like patterns along specific anatomical gradients. Furthermore, we found distinct anatomical, spectral, and spatiotemporal characteristics for the two directions of propagation.
Meeting Abstract
Clinical Neurology
L. Tedesco Triccas, S. Sporn, M. Coll I. Omana, S. Bestmann, N. Ward
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF STROKE
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Clinical Neurology
L. Mardell, S. Bestmann, N. Ward
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF STROKE
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Kate Laver, Marion Walker, Nick Ward
Summary: The use of telerehabilitation has increased due to the COVID-19 pandemic, and although evidence supporting its efficacy is limited, current systematic reviews suggest that it is not inferior to face-to-face treatment. However, challenges such as inclusivity, differences in online interactions, and supporting staff fatigue need to be addressed for widespread adoption.
NEUROREHABILITATION AND NEURAL REPAIR
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Clinical Neurology
K. Hayward, S. Kramer, E. Dalton, G. Hughes, A. Brodtmann, L. Churilov, G. Cloud, D. Corbett, L. Jolliffe, T. Kaffenberger, V. Rethnam, V. Thijs, N. Ward, N. Lannin, J. Bernhardt
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF STROKE
(2021)