Review
Cell Biology
Dominika Bebnowska, Paulina Niedzwiedzka-Rystwej
Summary: Autophagy, a process essential for maintaining organism homeostasis, plays a complex role in viral infections where it can both aid in fighting the virus and facilitate its replication. Further research is needed to fully understand the mechanisms of autophagy in viral infections and its potential use as a therapeutic target. Studies in specific research models are crucial for this purpose.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Sima Rugarabamu, Gaspary O. Mwanyika, Susan F. Rumisha, Calvin Sindato, Hee-Young Lim, Gerald Misinzo, Leonard E. G. Mboera
Summary: The study identified evidence of exposure to CCHF, EVD, MVD, RVF, and YF in Tanzania. Contact with wild animals and bats may be associated with RVF and MVD.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Tomoki Yoshikawa
Summary: Vaccinia virus, once used as a smallpox vaccine, is now utilized for bioterrorism defense and as a vector for recombinant vaccines for infectious diseases. Third-generation smallpox vaccine strains like MVA and LC16m8 are popular for their balanced safety and immunogenicity profiles.
Review
Infectious Diseases
Maria G. Frank, Adam Beitscher, Camille M. Webb, Vanessa Raabe
Summary: This article provides a clinical perspective on South American Hemorrhagic Fevers (SAHF), focusing on pathogenesis, clinical features, diagnostics, as well as potential therapies and vaccines. The research identified several treatments and a vaccine platform with potential benefits for treating or preventing SAHF in humans, offering valuable information for clinicians facing patients with the disease.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Alexandra M. Stambaugh, Matthew A. Stott, Gopikrishnan G. Meena, Manasi Tamhankar, Ricardo Carrion, Jean L. Patterson, Aaron R. Hawkins, Holger Schmidt
Summary: The study revealed that Ebola infection results in an increased amount of RNA, leading to significantly higher fluorescence signal amplitudes during amplification and detection compared to other viral hemorrhagic fever viruses. This phenomenon is likely related to the production of soluble glycoprotein during the infection process.
IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN QUANTUM ELECTRONICS
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Annamaria Pratelli, Maria Stella Lucente, Marco Cordisco, Stefano Ciccarelli, Roberta Di Fonte, Alessio Sposato, Viviana Mari, Paolo Capozza, Francesco Pellegrini, Grazia Carelli, Amalia Azzariti, Canio Buonavoglia
Summary: The study described the evolution of a bovine coronavirus (BCoV) natural infection in a calf persistently infected with bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV). The co-infection resulted in increased monocytes and CD8(+) subpopulations, as well as prolonged viral shedding and high antibody titers. It is suggested that BVDV may have exacerbated the BCoV infection and favored the development of genetic mutations, potentially influencing the viral excretion pattern and genetic variation.
Review
Immunology
Paulina Malkowska, Paulina Niedzwiedzka-Rystwej
Summary: Viral hemorrhagic fever (VHF) is a life-threatening infection caused by various virus families. This study focuses on the role of RIG-I-like receptors (RLRs) in VHF and identifies factors that may influence the activation of the antiviral response. RLR receptors could be a promising target for VHF research and contribute to improved therapeutic and diagnostic strategies.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Riccardo Delli Ponti, Marek Mutwil
Summary: The study analyzed the RNA secondary structure of various viruses, revealing different structural patterns and correlations with human protein interactions. The findings provided new insights for understanding virus biology in depth.
Article
Immunology
Leonardo Oliveira Mendonca, Alex Isidoro Prado, Izelda Maria Carvalho Costa, Marcia Bandeira, Rafael Dyer, Samar Freschi Barros, Karen Francine Kholer, Luiz Augusto Marcondes Fonseca, Jorge Kalil, Fabio Morato Castro, Myrthes Anna Maragna Toledo-Barros
Summary: The phenotype of SIFD syndrome includes multiple immune defects, with patients possibly having mild manifestations; B-cell deficiency is a hallmark of the syndrome; there is currently no clear genotype-phenotype correlation study.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Irina Gilyazova, Kadriia Enikeeva, Guzel Rafikova, Evelina Kagirova, Yuliya Sharifyanova, Dilara Asadullina, Valentin Pavlov
Summary: Bladder cancer is a common malignant tumor of the urogenital system, with over 500,000 new cases worldwide annually. Current diagnosis methods include cystoscopy and urine cytology, but they have limitations in sensitivity and invasiveness. There is a need to develop more reliable markers and tests for early detection of the disease.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Max A. Kramer, Martin N. Hebart, Chris I. Baker, Wilma A. Bainbridge
Summary: What factors contribute to the memorability of images? Recent studies have shifted the focus from participant effects to the perspective of stimuli, leading to debates on the influence of semantic and visual features and whether typical or atypical items are better remembered. Previous studies have been limited by constrained stimulus sets, hindering a comprehensive understanding of the underlying features of our memory. By collecting over 1 million memory ratings for a diverse dataset of 26,107 object images, this study reveals that semantic features have a stronger impact on memorability than perceptual features, and the relationship between memorability and typicality is more nuanced than a simple positive or negative association.
Review
Immunology
Claudia Mueller, Rafal Hrynkiewicz, Dominika Bebnowska, Jaime Maldonado, Massimiliano Baratelli, Bernd Koellner, Paulina Niedzwiedzka-Rystwej
Summary: Rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus (RHDV) is a highly variable virus that infects and causes high mortality in rabbits. Young rabbits have resistance to RHDV, whereas adults have limited resistance. Research has focused on the genetics, epidemiology, and anti-RHDV immune responses of rabbits in order to understand the phenomenon of juvenile resistance and develop effective vaccines to prevent RHDV infections.
Article
Immunology
Blanca Garcia-Solis, Ana van den Rym, Jareb J. Perez-Caraballo, Abdulwahab Al-Ayoubi, Anas M. Alazami, Lazaro Lorenzo, Carolina Cubillos-Zapata, Eduardo Lopez-Collazo, Antonio Perez-Martinez, Luis M. Allende, Janet Markle, Miguel Fernandez-Arquero, Silvia Sanchez-Ramon, Maria J. Recio, Jean-Laurent Casanova, Reem Mohammed, Ruben Martinez-Barricarte, Rebeca Perez de Diego
Summary: This study provides a detailed description of a patient with autosomal recessive complete BCL10 deficiency, highlighting the importance of early genetic diagnosis for management and recommending hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (HSCT) as the treatment of choice. The patient exhibited reduced populations of various leukocytes, recurrent respiratory infections, and a family history of lethal infectious diseases.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Marcin Weiner, Karolina Tarasiuk
Summary: Viral hemorrhagic fevers are severe infectious diseases caused by viruses, leading to disruptions in the body's homeostasis and often accompanied by hemorrhagic symptoms, spread through insects, droplets, or direct contact. Despite their common name, VHFs are caused by different RNA virus families and are increasingly prevalent globally due to globalization and climate change.
HEALTH PROBLEMS OF CIVILIZATION
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Miranda Sin-Man Tsang, Tianheng Hou, Ben Chung-Lap Chan, Chun Kwok Wong
Summary: Over the past 20 years, advancements in understanding the immunological roles of pathogen recognition in innate immunity have shed light on the potential of NLR sensors in treating allergic diseases. Discoveries on NLR sensors in allergic diseases suggest that the pathogenesis of allergies may extend beyond the adaptive immune response, and research on therapy targeting NLR in murine models holds promise for the treatment of allergies in humans.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Virology
Caroline G. Williams, Joyce Sweeney Gibbons, Timothy R. Keiffer, Priya Luthra, Megan R. Edwards, Christopher F. Basler
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2020)
Article
Virology
Megan R. Edwards, Mikayla Hoad, Sofiya Tsimbalyuk, Andrea R. Menicucci, Ilhem Messaoudi, Jade K. Forwood, Christopher F. Basler
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2020)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Priya Luthra, Manu Anantpadma, Sampriti De, Julien Sourimant, Robert A. Davey, Richard K. Plemper, Christopher F. Basler
ACS INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2020)
Article
Virology
Amanda Pinski, Courtney Woolsey, Allen Jankeel, Robert Cross, Christopher F. Basler, Thomas Geisbert, Ilhem Messaoudi
Summary: Infection with Zaire ebolavirus causes a severe disease characterized by high levels of viremia, inflammation, coagulopathy, and lymphopenia. The viral protein VP35 plays a critical role in immune evasion. Research shows that infection with a mutant VP35 strain results in distinct transcriptional responses compared to wild-type EBOV infection.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Timothy R. Keiffer, Michael J. Ciancanelli, Megan R. Edwards, Christopher F. Basler
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jingjing Pei, Nicole D. Wagner, Angela J. Zou, Srirupa Chatterjee, Dominika Borek, Aidan R. Cole, Preston J. Kim, Christopher F. Basler, Zbyszek Otwinowski, Michael L. Gross, Gaya K. Amarasinghe, Daisy W. Leung
Summary: The nonstructural protein NS2 of human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) inhibits host interferon responses by targeting early steps in the IFN-signaling pathway. NS2 directly interacts with inactive RIG-I and MDA5, preventing RLR ubiquitination and modulating host responses. The N terminus of NS2 is essential for binding to RIG-I and mutations in this region result in increased levels of IFN beta mRNA.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Virology
Alexander S. Jureka, Caroline G. Williams, Christopher E. Basler
Summary: The study demonstrates that broad-spectrum, pulsed UV light is an effective technology for inactivating SARS-CoV-2 on various surfaces. The UV dose needed for inactivation varies on different surfaces.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Joyce Sweeney Gibbons, Sudip Khadka, Caroline G. Williams, Lin Wang, Stewart W. Schneller, Chong Liu, JoAnn M. Tufariello, Christopher F. Basler
Summary: 3-deazaneplanocin A (DzNep) and its 3-brominated analogs inhibit replication of several RNA viruses by targeting viral methyltransferases, impairing translation of viral transcripts. The compounds exhibit antiviral activity in nanomolar concentrations, with some enantiomers showing reduced inhibition of the target enzyme. A CL123-resistant mutant of VSV exhibited cross-resistance to neplanocin analogs, suggesting a common mechanism of action involving impairment of viral mRNA cap methylation.
ANTIVIRAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Naglaa Salem El-Sayed, Alexander S. Jureka, Megan R. Edwards, Sandeep Lohan, Caroline G. Williams, Patrick T. Keiser, Robert A. Davey, Jennifer Totonchy, Rakesh K. Tiwari, Christopher F. Basler, Keykavous Parang
Summary: This study describes the synthesis, purification, and characterization of mono- and di-fatty acyl conjugates of remdesivir (RDV) and their antiviral activity. Mono-fatty acyl conjugates showed weaker activity compared to RDV, but fatty acylation could improve the half-life and antiviral activity of RDV.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Virology
Sudip Khadka, Caroline G. Williams, Joyce Sweeney-Gibbons, Christopher F. Basler
Summary: The study shows that MARV and EBOV 3' UTRs can modulate translation, sometimes negatively. Editing by ADAR1 or deletion of specific regions within the translation suppressing 3' UTRs can alleviate their negative effects. These findings suggest that filovirus 3' UTRs contain translation regulatory elements modulated by ADAR1 activation, indicating a complex interplay between filovirus gene expression and innate immunity.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Megan R. Edwards, Olivia A. Vogel, Hiroyuki Mori, Robert A. Davey, Christopher F. Basler
Summary: This study investigates the role of VP30 in Marburg virus transcription. It demonstrates that VP30 is essential for the transcription reinitiation at the GP gene start site, resulting in the loss of expression of GP and downstream genes when VP30 is absent. The study also identifies a region at the GP gene start site and a zinc binding motif in VP30 as critical factors for transcription reinitiation. These findings enhance our understanding of Marburg virus gene expression regulation.
Article
Virology
Anitha D. D. Jayaprakash, Adam J. J. Ronk, Abhishek N. N. Prasad, Michael F. F. Covington, Kathryn R. R. Stein, Toni M. M. Schwarz, Saboor Hekmaty, Karla A. A. Fenton, Thomas W. W. Geisbert, Christopher F. F. Basler, Alexander Bukreyev, Ravi Sachidanandam
Summary: Filoviruses cause severe diseases in humans and nonhuman primates but have subclinical effects in bats. By infecting Egyptian rousette bats with Marburg and Ebola viruses, researchers identified various immune responses and pathways involved in bat resistance to these viruses, providing insights for the development of new strategies to treat and mitigate the diseases caused by these viruses in humans.
Article
Virology
Palaniappan Ramanathan, Bersabeh Tigabu, Rodrigo I. Santos, Philipp A. Ilinykh, Natalia Kuzmina, Olivia A. Vogel, Naveen Thakur, Hamza Ahmed, Chao Wu, Gaya K. Amarasinghe, Christopher F. Basler, Alexander Bukreyev
Summary: Members of the Ebolavirus genus exhibit varying levels of pathogenicity in humans, with Ebola (EBOV) being the most pathogenic, Bundibugyo (BDBV) less pathogenic, and Reston (RESTV) not known to cause disease. The VP24 protein encoded by these viruses plays a role in blocking the immune response, contributing to virulence. By studying the interaction between VP24 and host proteins, researchers found that modifying the interface between EBOV VP24 and host karyopherin alpha can attenuate its ability to antagonize the immune response. This study highlights the importance of VP24 in the pathogenicity of Ebolaviruses.
Article
Virology
Camilla M. Donnelly, Olivia A. Vogel, Megan R. Edwards, Paige E. Taylor, Justin A. Roby, Jade K. Forwood, Christopher F. Basler
Summary: Nipah and Hendra viruses are highly pathogenic viruses that cause severe respiratory disease and encephalitis. This study investigates the interaction between viral proteins and cellular structures to gain a better understanding of viral transmission and develop potential therapeutics.
Review
Immunology
Yonatan K. Sapadin, Elazar Mermelstein, Robert G. Phelps, Christopher F. Basler, JoAnn M. Tufariello, Mark G. Lebwohl
Summary: Lichen planus is a distinct mucocutaneous disease with established criteria. Lichenoid eruptions are similar and can be indistinguishable. COVID-19 vaccines have been associated with lichenoid eruptions and reactions. This study reviews existing literature and presents a case series of vaccine-induced lichenoid eruptions, highlighting the rare Blaschkoid distribution and its association with mRNA COVID-19 vaccines.