Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Aser Alaa Ahmed, Malik Al Labadidi, Ahmed T. Hamada, Mehmet Fatih Orhan
Summary: This study provides an overview of the fundamentals, principles, and evaluation factors of direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs), and conducts a parametric investigation on a JENNY 600S DMFC. The study finds that increasing the operating temperature of the fuel cell improves its output voltage, but decreases its maximum efficiency limits.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Bincy George Abraham, Raghuram Chetty
Summary: An air breathing direct methanol fuel cell (AB-DMFC) with a unique architecture was designed and optimized for high performance, utilizing titanium mesh as a catalyst support and optimizing the configuration of the anode and cathode. The study also extended the single cell AB-DMFC architecture to 2-cell and 6-cell mini-stacks, which were used to power a small portable device.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Wu Yujing, Zhou Hongxiu, Zhang Ao, Zhao Leqing
Summary: The research shows that flowing electrode direct methanol fuel cell (FEDMFC) effectively reduces methanol crossover rate while maintaining high power densities. Increasing flow rate can decrease crossover rate but will affect efficiency and stability, with optimal flow rate controlled at 1-3 sccm.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Sameer Osman, Mahmoud Ahmed
Summary: A new design for direct methanol fuel cells has been proposed to significantly enhance performance at high current densities and has advantages in the parallel flow field configuration. Experimental studies show that the design improves cell performance and removes bubbles, reducing energy consumption.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Qiang Li, Dezhi Ming, Liang Fang, Xu Guo, Mao Lei, Jialin Liu
Summary: The research investigated the formation of CO2 bubbles in the anode microchannels of direct methanol fuel cells, and found that applying a DC electric field can effectively control the movement characteristics of CO2, thus reducing the anodic polarization effect.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENERGY RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Kaiyuan Zuo, Zhenyu Yuan
Summary: This article presents a high concentration adaptive direct methanol fuel cell based on a dual-cavity structure, and investigates its performance under different supply concentrations of methanol solution to determine optimal working conditions. The advantages of the anode double-cavity structure in high concentration and high energy density fuel supply are demonstrated, along with the effects of various materials on cell performance through experimental investigation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENERGY RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Nianfang Wan
Summary: This paper proposes accelerated stress test protocols for direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) to simulate real-life operation conditions and shorten evaluation time. The cell exhibits long survival time and stable membrane/electrode interface, but degradation of gas diffusion layer (GDL) and catalysts are found to cause performance degradation.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
N. A. I. M. Ishak, S. K. Kamarudin, S. N. Timmiati, N. A. Karim, S. Basri
Summary: This study introduces a biosynthesis method of platinum from plant extracts, which reduces the cost of platinum production and shows enhanced efficiency and stability, with potential for commercialization.
JOURNAL OF ADVANCED RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Guodong Xu, Yun Lei, Keyu Wu, Rongguan Lv, Jing Li, Xiujuan Sun, Weiwei Cai
Summary: In this study, CeO2 is modified through a plasma-phosphating combing strategy and invited as Frustrated Lewis Pair to assist the catalytic MOR process on Pt sites. This strategy also leads to negatively charged sites on CeO2 surface as a host for Pt anchoring, facilitating the even dispersion of Pt nanocrystals. Moreover, this strategy affects the Ce3+/Ce4+ ratio and vacancy oxygen ratio on CeO2 surface, which are critical for OH generation and anti-CO.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Hazlina Junoh, Juhana Jaafar, Nik Abdul Hadi M. Nordin, Ahmad F. Ismail, Mohd H. D. Othman, Mukhlis A. Rahman, Farhana Aziz, Norhaniza Yusof, Syarifah Noor S. Sayed Daud
Summary: Porous poly ether sulfone (PES) membranes were prepared using two different solvents via dry/wet non-solvent phase inversion techniques, with membranes prepared using DMAc at 3 minutes solvent evaporation time showing desirable properties for proton conduction and methanol resistance.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENERGY RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Youngseung Na, Prashant Khadke, Andreas Gluesen, Nicola Kimiaie, Martin Mueller, Ulrike Krewer
Summary: The electrochemical behavior of direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs) is influenced by the concentration of methanol. Monitoring the methanol concentration in the fuel circulation loop is crucial for the efficient operation of DMFC systems. This study presents a robust electrochemical methanol sensing technique that is not affected by temperature, cell degradation, and membrane electrode assembly (MEA) type. The proposed method achieves high accuracy and is expected to enhance the reliability and control logic of DMFC systems.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Livhuwani Modau, Rudzani Sigwadi, Touhami Mokrani, Fulufhelo Nemavhola
Summary: The purpose of this study was to identify the steps involved in fabricating silica/chitosan composite membranes and their suitability for fuel cell applications. The composite membranes were successfully modified with silica, showing exceptional results in terms of proton conductivity and methanol permeability.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Anders Christian Olesen, Soren Knudsen Kaer, Torsten Berning
Summary: Direct-methanol fuel cell (DMFC) systems are relatively simple, but accurately controlling the mixture of methanol and water is a key challenge. Computational fluid dynamics can provide fundamental understanding of this. This paper presents a three-dimensional, steady-state, two-phase, multi-component and non-isothermal DMFC model that can account for various transport phenomena. The model is validated against experimental measurements and used to study the impact of volume porosity and capillary pressure on performance.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Weijian Yuan, Chenjun Hou, Jianfeng Wu, Yufeng Zhang, Xuelin Zhang
Summary: Capillary distillation is applied for the first time to regulate methanol-water evaporation, reducing methanol crossover and water starvation in direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs). This approach provides a suitable methanol/water ratio, allowing for high-concentration methanol operation with minimal structure. It greatly promotes the development of high-energy-density all-solid-state/flexible DMFCs and expands their potential integration in microsystems.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Monika Jalowiecka, Zuzanna Bojarska, Artur Malolepszy, Lukasz Makowski
Summary: This study used computational fluid dynamics modeling to investigate the channel design of direct formic acid fuel cells (DFAFCs) and proposed a new design. The experimental results confirmed that this new design can significantly increase the power density of the fuel cell. The research highlights the advantages of numerical simulations in improving mass transport and reducing concentration polarization.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)
