Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER
Volume 114, Issue -, Pages 1054-1066Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2017.06.135
Keywords
Mixed convection; Horizontal channel with cavity; Entropy generation; Galerkin finite element method; Al2O3 - Cu-water nanofluid; Numerical simulation
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Funding
- LiDOng team at the ITMC at TU Dortmund
- LiDOng cluster team
- FeatFlow team
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A computational analysis has been performed in a horizontal channel with an open cavity filled with hybrid nanofluid of Al2O3 - Cu-water having an adiabatic square obstacle inside. The bottom wall of the cavity is taken as hot while all the rest walls of the channel and cavity are adiabatic except the left end of the channel which is taken as cold. Three different vertical locations of the obstacle are considered. The governing partial differentials equations are solved via Galerkin finite element method in space and the Crank-Nicolson in time. Newton method is utilized to cope with discretized nonlinear systems of equations and the Gaussian elimination method has been applied to solve the associated linear subproblems in each nonlinear iteration. The emerging parameters are Richardson number (0.01 <= Ri <= 20), nanoparticle volume fraction (0.0 <= phi <= 0.04), (1 <= Re <= 200) and Hartmann number (0 <= Ha <= 100). Calculations of the streamlines, isotherms, average Nusselt number and entropy generation will be the main focus of interest in this study. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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