Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ananyaa Sridhar, Dawood Khan, R. Charlotte Moffett
Summary: Obesity and diabetes can impair female reproductive function, while gut hormones and their receptors may have regulatory effects on reproductive function.
Article
Surgery
Tassia Gomide Braga, Maria Das Gracas Coelho de Souza, Michel Menezes, Jose Firmino Nogueira Neto, Ludmilla Dellatorre-Teixeira, Eliete Bouskela, Carel W. le Roux, Luiz Guilherme Kraemer-Aguiar
Summary: The study found that bariatric surgery had a more significant impact on glucose metabolism, gut hormones, and inflammation, resulting in more extensive changes compared to medical treatment.
SURGERY FOR OBESITY AND RELATED DISEASES
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Michael Camilleri, Andres Acosta
Summary: This article reviews newer pharmacological interventions for obesity, specifically focusing on single, dual, and triple incretin receptor agonists. Several approved and experimental drugs are discussed, as well as their effects on gastric emptying, satiation, and weight loss. The potential development of oral GLP-1 receptor agonists for obesity treatment is also mentioned.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Maigen Bethea, Darleen A. Sandoval
Summary: Despite extensive research and efforts in public health, obesity remains a significant public health concern. Bariatric surgery has been found to be an effective treatment for obesity, with metabolic benefits including resolution of type 2 diabetes. However, the mechanisms behind these benefits are still not fully understood. This review focuses on the role of gut-brain communication in regulating body weight and its impact on the success of bariatric surgery, aiming to contribute to the development of novel, less invasive strategies to treat obesity.
CURRENT DIABETES REPORTS
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Emma Custers, Ayla Franco, Amanda Johanne Kiliaan
Summary: Obesity is associated with various comorbidities and changes in the brain. Lifestyle interventions often fail to achieve long-term weight loss, while bariatric surgery has emerged as a safe and effective treatment. The success of weight loss after bariatric surgery may be related to changes in energy regulating hormones and gut microbiota composition.
JOURNAL OF INFLAMMATION RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Mengsha Yin, Yao Wang, Mingyue Han, Ruishuang Liang, Shanshan Li, Guixia Wang, Xiaokun Gang
Summary: Obesity and T2D lead to various metabolic abnormalities, and bariatric surgery has been proven effective in treating these conditions. Numerous studies have focused on understanding the mechanisms through which bariatric surgery affects metabolic parameters, hormone levels, inflammatory processes, bile acids, gut microbiota, and other factors. The interaction of these factors makes the mechanisms of metabolic improvement induced by bariatric surgery more complex.
JOURNAL OF DIABETES
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Stephan Sachs, Lili Niu, Philipp Geyer, Sigrid Jall, Maximilian Kleinert, Annette Feuchtinger, Kerstin Stemmer, Markus Brielmeier, Brian Finan, Richard D. DiMarchi, Matthias H. Tschop, Nicolai Wewer Albrechtsen, Matthias Mann, Timo D. Mueller, Susanna M. Hofmann
Summary: The study demonstrates that GLP-1/GIP co-agonist is more effective in treating obesity and cardiometabolic disease compared to single GLP-1 or GIP agonists. Plasma proteomic profiling reveals broader changes with co-agonist treatment in both males and females, potentially identifying novel biomarkers. Subtle sex-specific differences are observed in metabolic phenotyping and plasma proteomic profiling.
DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
C. C. Van Olden, A. W. Van de Laar, A. S. Meijnikman, O. Aydin, N. Van Olst, J. B. Hoozemans, L. M. De Brauw, S. C. Bruin, Y. I. Z. Acherman, J. Verheij, J. E. Pyykko, M. Hagedoorn, R. Sanderman, N. C. Bosma, V. Tremaroli, A. Lundqvist, L. E. Olofsson, H. Herrema, D. Lappa, S. Hjorth, J. Nielsen, T. Schwartz, A. K. Groen, M. Nieuwdorp, F. Backhed, V. E. A. Gerdes
Summary: The BARIA study aims to investigate the impact of gut microbiota and their metabolites on metabolism in obese patients, as well as how baseline characteristics affect clinical outcomes after bariatric surgery. Through comprehensive analyses of patient samples using metagenomics and metabolomics, the study hopes to provide insights into the epidemic of obesity-related diseases.
JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
F. Frost, M. J. Walshaw, D. Nazareth
Summary: Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a common life-threatening inherited condition in the Caucasian population, with pulmonary disease being the main contributor to morbidity. While life expectancy has improved, new challenges have arisen, with an increasing prevalence of CF-related diabetes being a significant issue.
QJM-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Alexander Dimitri Miras, Anna Kamocka, Belen Perez-Pevida, Sanjay Purkayastha, Krishna Moorthy, Ameet Patel, Harvinder Chahal, Gary Frost, Paul Bassett, Lidia Castagnetto-Gissey, Lucy Coppin, Nicola Jackson, Anne Margot Umpleby, Stephen Robert Bloom, Tricia Tan, Ahmed Rashid Ahmed, Francesco Rubino
Summary: The study demonstrates that lengthening the intestinal bypass during RYGB does not affect GLP-1 secretion, suggesting that the characteristic enhancement of GLP-1 response after RYGB may not depend on delivering nutrients to more distal intestinal segments.
Editorial Material
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Samuel Klein, Randy J. Seeley
Summary: Many individuals with obesity and type 2 diabetes experience diabetes remission after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery, but there is disagreement regarding the underlying mechanisms. We present our perspective on conflicting datasets suggesting that the remission could be attributed solely to weight loss or weight loss-independent factors.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Vivian O. R. Coimbra, Louise Crovesy, Marcelo Ribeiro-Alves, Ana Luisa K. Faller, Fernanda Mattos, Eliane L. Rosado
Summary: This systematic review evaluates the changes in gut microbiota in obese adults who underwent bariatric surgery. The findings show an increase in Bacteroidetes (B), Proteobacteria (P), and diversity (D) after surgery, while the relative proportion of Firmicutes (F) decreases.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jui Tu, Yangmeng Wang, Lihua Jin, Wendong Huang
Summary: Metabolic surgery, such as vertical sleeve gastrectomy (VSG) and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), is the most effective approach for treating obesity. The precise mechanisms of how these surgeries work are still unclear, but gut hormones, bile acids and gut microbiota have been identified as potential factors. The long-term goal of metabolic/bariatric surgery research is to develop new pharmacotherapeutic options for obesity and diabetes.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Bertrand Cariou
Summary: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with visceral obesity, insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes. Adipocyte dysfunction plays a key role in the molecular link between NAFLD, visceral adipose tissue, and metabolic syndrome. Strategies targeting metabolic dysfunction, such as weight loss and specific medications, are effective in treating NAFLD and related conditions.
DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Meirav Ben Izhak, Adi Eshel, Ruti Cohen, Liora Madar-Shapiro, Hamutal Meiri, Chaim Wachtel, Conrad Leung, Edward Messick, Narisra Jongkam, Eli Mavor, Shimon Sapozhnikov, Nitsan Maharshak, Subhi Abu-Abeid, Avishai Alis, Ilanit Mahler, Aviel Meoded, Shai Meron Eldar, Omry Koren, Yoram Louzoun
Summary: BMI and diabetes can affect the gut microbiome composition. Bariatric surgery has large variabilities in the outcome. The microbiome was previously shown to be a good predictor for multiple diseases, and in this study, it was found that the microbiome before surgery can be used to predict surgery outcomes. The postsurgery microbiome drifts further away from the lean microbiome than the microbiome of the presurgery obese patients, indicating the potential for microbiome-based presurgery decision making.