Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY
Volume 98, Issue 1, Pages 40-46Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/iep.12225
Keywords
chemical carcinogenesis; mammary tumours; oestrogen receptor alpha; progesterone receptor; treadmill; vascularization
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Funding
- European Investment Funds by FEDER/COMPETE/POCI - Operational Competitiveness and Internationalization Programme [POCI-01-0145-FEDER-016728]
- National Funds by FCT-Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology [PTDC/DTP-DES/6077/2014, SFRH/BD/102099/2014]
- Consejo de Desarrollo Cientifico, Humanistico y Tecnologico (C.D.C.H.T) [REV-2015-6]
- Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia [PTDC/DTP-DES/6077/2014, SFRH/BD/102099/2014] Funding Source: FCT
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Exercise training is thought to play a protective role against cancer development and metastasis, either by reducing hormonal stimulation of hormone-dependent cancers or by reducing the permeability of vascular walls towards invading metastatic cells. The purpose of this work was to evaluate the role of long-term exercise training in the development and metastasis of breast cancer, in an immune-competent 1-methyl-1-nitrosourea (MNU) induced rat model. A single MNU dose was administered to Sprague-Dawley rats at 50 days of age and the rats were subjected to exercise training on a treadmill at 20 m/min, 60 min/day, 5 days/week for 35 weeks. Exercised animals developed slightly less (2.30 +/- 1.42) tumours per animal than sedentary animals (2.55 +/- 1.44) and did not develop any metastasis, while two pulmonary metastases were observed in the sedentary group. All primary neoplasms and their metastases were positive for oestrogen (ER) a and progesterone (PR) receptors, indicating high hormonal sensitivity. Interestingly, exercise training increased circulating oestrogen levels, thus suggesting that the mechanism might involve either or both of a protective hormone-independent effect and modulation of tumoural vascularization.
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