Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Magnus Fjeldstad, Torben Kvist, Magnus Sjogren
Summary: The study found that there was no significant difference in weight gain between ARFID and restrictive subtype of AN, though anxiety was significantly higher in AN-R. Despite differences in some clinical measures, the weight restorative treatment in adults with ARFID showed a similar effect as in AN-R in terms of weight gain.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Heather M. McDonald, Tony Lin, Lulu L. C. D. Bursztyn
Summary: A young woman presented with significant weight loss and malnutrition due to decreased food intake, initially diagnosed with ARFID but later found to have a suprasellar and pineal germinoma. While there have been cases of germinomas misdiagnosed as anorexia nervosa, this is the first reported case of a multifocal germinoma presenting as ARFID. The criteria for diagnosing ARFID do not include body image distortion, potentially leading to misdiagnosis.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Anna Brytek-Matera, Beata Ziolkowska, Jaroslaw Ocalewski
Summary: This study investigated the relationship between maternal feeding style and core behavioral features of eating disorders, with the symptoms of Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID) among children. The findings showed that both maternal feeding style and core behavioral features of eating disorders were associated with ARFID symptoms among 2-10-year-old children.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Anna Aulinas, Maged Muhammed, Kendra R. Becker, Elisa Asanza, Kristine Hauser, Casey Stern, Julia Gydus, Tara Holmes, Helen Burton Murray, Lauren Breithaupt, Nadia Micali, Madhusmita Misra, Kamryn T. Eddy, Jennifer J. Thomas, Elizabeth A. Lawson
Summary: This study examined the response of anorexigenic oxytocin to food intake in adolescents and young adults with avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID). It was found that individuals with ARFID had higher levels of oxytocin compared to healthy controls at all time points.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Psychiatry
Amanda E. Downey, Alexis Richards, Anna B. Tanner
Summary: Assessing acute medical stability is important in patients with eating disorders, but attention should also be paid to the age-related consequences of malnutrition. Early and aggressive weight restoration is crucial for preventing long-term, potentially irreversible medical complications like linear growth impairment.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Morgan Robison, Megan L. Rogers, Lee Robertson, Mary E. Duffy, Jamie Manwaring, Megan Riddle, Renee D. Rienecke, Daniel Le Grange, Alan Duffy, Millie Plotkin, Dan V. Blalock, Philip S. Mehler, Thomas E. Joiner
Summary: This study examined suicidal ideation within an adult sample with Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID). The findings showed no significant differences in suicidal ideation prevalence between ARFID patients and those with other eating disorder diagnoses. It is recommended to thoroughly screen for suicidal thoughts and risk among ARFID patients at all levels of care, and further research with a larger adult ARFID sample is suggested for future studies.
PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Psychology, Clinical
Kaitlin B. B. Proctor, Eugene Rodrick, Staci Belcher, William G. G. Sharp, Joseph M. M. Kindler
Summary: An extensive body of evidence has reported threatened bone health in individuals with eating disorders, particularly anorexia nervosa. The introduction of avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) has highlighted the need to understand its effects on bone health. Studies have shown that children and adults with ARFID tend to have shorter stature and lower bone mineral density compared to healthy individuals. The chronic and restrictive nature of ARFID's dietary constraints may significantly compromise bone health.
JOURNAL OF EATING DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Kendra R. Becker, Christopher Mancuso, Melissa J. Dreier, Elisa Asanza, Lauren Breithaupt, Meghan Slattery, Franziska Plessow, Nadia Micali, Jennifer J. Thomas, Kamryn T. Eddy, Madhusmita Misra, Elizabeth A. Lawson
Summary: Individuals with ARFID and AN show distinct patterns of secretion of gut-derived appetite-regulating hormones, with lower levels of ghrelin in ARFID and different timing of peak PYY levels compared to HC. ARFID individuals demonstrate lower food intake and younger age compared to AN and HC, but do not exhibit sustained high PYY levels post-meal like individuals with AN or HC.
PSYCHONEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Beata Ziolkowska, Jaroslaw Ocalewski, Hana Zickgraf, Anna Brytek-Matera
Summary: The study developed and validated the ARFID-Q-PR, a new tool for diagnosing Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder in 2 to 10-year-old children based on reports from Polish mothers. The tool showed good internal consistency, stable factorial structure, positive correlation with other assessment tools, and increased ARFID symptoms in children with developmental and mental disorders.
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Nandini Datta, James D. Lock
Summary: This study explores the role of aberrant interoception in restrictive eating symptoms in ARFID, AN, and HC groups. The results show that adolescents with ARFID have poor heartbeat guessing accuracy, while those with AN have better accuracy but lack confidence in trusting their body cues. These preliminary findings provide valuable insights into how individuals with eating disorders perceive and respond to body signals.
JOURNAL OF EATING DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Jeff Hollis, Scott Mann, Ashlie Watters, Judy Oakes, Philip S. Mehler
Summary: This study investigated the prevalence of autophony, a distressing auditory symptom commonly associated with patulous eustachian tube, in individuals with severe malnourishment due to an eating disorder. Results showed that 42.6% of the patients reported experiencing autophony, and its presence was correlated with lower serum prealbumin levels and body weight.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EATING DISORDERS
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Karin Foerde, Janet E. Schebendach, Lauren Davis, Nathaniel Daw, B. Timothy Walsh, Daphna Shohamy, Joanna E. Steinglass
Summary: Restrictive eating is a central feature of anorexia nervosa (AN) and other eating disorders. This study examined the behavioral and neural mechanisms of restrictive eating among individuals with and without eating disorders. The findings showed that healthy individuals tended to choose high-fat foods, while patients with AN focused more on the healthiness of the food. Dorsal striatal activation associated with food choice was most pronounced among individuals with AN, and it was significantly associated with selecting fewer high-fat choices and lower caloric intake.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Debra K. Katzman, Tim Guimond, Wendy Spettigue, Holly Agostino, Jennifer Couturier, Mark L. Norris
Summary: Evidence suggests that children and adolescents with avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) have heterogeneous clinical presentations. This study used latent class analysis (LCA) to identify three distinct classes in pediatric patients with ARFID: Acute Medical (AM), Lack of Appetite (LOA), and Sensory (S). The findings highlight the importance of recognizing these different presentations as clinical and treatment needs vary.
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Melissa Freizinger, Grace B. Jhe, Emily Pluhar, Lisa Mancini
Summary: Eating disorders are serious psychiatric illnesses with high mortality rates. Family-based treatment is recommended as the first-line approach for adolescents with restrictive eating disorders due to its effectiveness and cost efficiency. This treatment method has been successfully adapted for use in various levels of care.
PSYCHOLOGY RESEARCH AND BEHAVIOR MANAGEMENT
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Dennis Gibson, Ashlie Watters, Elizabeth Dee, Philip S. Mehler
Summary: This study found that patients with restrictive eating disorders have significantly enlarged gastric dimensions. Blood urea nitrogen was positively correlated with gastric dimensions, while hypoalbuminemia was negatively correlated. There was no significant correlation between gastric dimensions and other factors.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EATING DISORDERS
(2022)
Editorial Material
Psychology, Developmental
Dasha Nicholls
JOURNAL OF CHILD PSYCHOLOGY AND PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Philippa Anna Stilwell, Billy White, Catherine Graham, Emma Rigby, Julian P. H. Shield, Rachael Brandreth, Sophie Solti, Richard Owen, Simon Kenny
Summary: In 2021, pilot clinics were developed across all seven NHS-England regions to treat children and young people with complications related to excess weight. A two-round Delphi process, virtual steering group meetings, and patient representation workshops were used to identify the most important outcomes. A total of 16 core outcomes were selected, including physical health, mental health, and self-management outcomes.
ARCHIVES OF DISEASE IN CHILDHOOD
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Samuele Cortese, Frank M. C. Besag, Bruce Clark, Chris Hollis, Joseph Kilgariff, Carmen Moreno, Dasha Nicholls, Paul Wilkinson, Marc Woodbury-Smith, Aditya Sharma
Summary: The British Association for Psychopharmacology offers a popular course on child and adolescent psychopharmacology that has been running for over 20 years. This article provides evidence-based and/or expert-informed answers to common questions on various mental health disorders in children and young people. It aims to assist prescribers in their daily clinical practice and encourages further research in the field of child and adolescent psychopharmacology.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Michaela Otis, Susan Barber, Stuart Green Hofer, Jean Straus, Michelle Kay, Dougal S. Hargreaves, Benedict Hayhoe, Nana Anokye, Laura Lennox, Dasha Nicholls
Summary: The mental health of children and young people in the UK has worsened during the pandemic, leading to an increase in mental health-related emergencies. In response, the Best for You programme was developed to integrate mental healthcare for children and young people between acute hospital and community services. The programme consists of four new services aimed at providing rapid assessment, family-based care, digital support, and community services.
Article
Psychiatry
Sarah J. Fuller, Jacinta Tan, Dasha Nicholls
Summary: This study aimed to understand the decision-making process when nasogastric tube feeding under restraint is initiated in mental health in-patient settings. Through semi-structured interviews with individuals who have experienced nasogastric tube feeding under restraint, as well as parents/carers and eating disorder clinicians, two main themes emerged: "quick decisions" and "slow decisions". The results identified the benefits and harms of both quick and slow decisions. The study suggests that discussing the possibility of nasogastric tube feeding at the beginning of the admission, in collaboration with the multidisciplinary team, can help facilitate best practice decisions.
Review
Psychology, Clinical
Javier Sanchez-Cerezo, Lidushi Nagularaj, Julia Gledhill, Dasha Nicholls
Summary: This systematic review explores the epidemiology of ARFID in children and adolescents. The study found that prevalence rates of ARFID ranged from 5% to 22.5% in specialized eating disorder services, and from 32% to 64% in specialist feeding clinics. Non-clinical samples reported prevalence estimates ranging from 0.3% to 15.5%. Common psychiatric comorbidities included anxiety disorders (9.1%-72%) and autism spectrum disorder (8.2%-54.75%). Further studies using surveillance methodology are needed to better understand this disorder and estimate clinical service needs.
EUROPEAN EATING DISORDERS REVIEW
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Simone Aman-Braaksma, Helen Croker, Russell M. Viner, Dasha Nicholls
Summary: The aim of this study was to determine the influence of specific psychological factors on intervention effects for children with severe obesity in a clinical setting. The results showed that parents' report of their child's emotional well-being and maternal education significantly predicted weight loss in the total sample, and social functioning was found to be a significant moderator of treatment effect. These preliminary findings suggest the need for tailored obesity programs that take into consideration a child's emotional and social functioning.
ARCHIVES OF DISEASE IN CHILDHOOD
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
H. Whitfield, D. Hargreaves, D. Nicholls, H. C. Watt, H. Creese
Summary: This study used longitudinal cohort data from the UK Millennium Cohort Study to investigate the determinants of persistent adolescent thinness. It found that persistent thinness was associated with parental BMI, unintended pregnancy, and self-esteem. The study suggests that persistent adolescent thinness is not rare and should be considered in both physical and mental health initiatives.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Amrit Banstola, Subhash Pokhrel, Benedict Hayhoe, Dasha Nicholls, Matthew Harris, Nana Anokye
Summary: This study examined the cost-effectiveness of interventions for people with mental-physical multimorbidity, including a depressive disorder, and found that most interventions in high-income countries were potentially cost-effective. However, there is a lack of economic evaluations in low- and middle-income countries, especially for the management of multimorbidity with a depressive disorder.
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Zainab Dedat, Steven Hope, Dougal Hargreaves, Oliver Lloyd-Houldey, Dasha Nicholls, Steph Scott, Evgenia Stepanova, Carolyn Summerbell, Russell M. Viner, Frances Hillier-Brown
Summary: This review aimed to identify measurement instruments for integration within children and young people's (CYP) healthcare systems. Fifteen studies describing 16 measurement instruments were eligible for inclusion, with questionnaire being the most frequent type of assessment used. Integration outcomes assessed included quality of care coordination, quality of collaboration, continuity of care, completeness of care, structure of care, quality of communication, and local implementation of integrated care.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INTEGRATED CARE
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Cristina Cuesta-Zamora, Jorge Javier Ricarte, Laura Ros, Jose Miguel Latorre, Carolyn Plateau
Summary: This study examined the role of intolerance of uncertainty (IU) and anxiety in compulsive exercise. The results found that IU-Prospective was associated with CET-Avoidance and CET-Weight Control in boys, but not in girls. These findings suggest that IU may contribute towards obsessive-compulsive attitudes towards exercise among adolescents, specifically among boys.
ANXIETY STRESS AND COPING
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Sarah J. Fuller, Jacinta Tan, Huw De Costa, Dasha Nicholls
Summary: This study found that the use of nasogastric tube feeding under physical restraint is not uncommon in England, with anorexia nervosa being the most common diagnosis. Patients receiving this intervention often have comorbidities such as depression, anxiety, and autism spectrum disorder. The age range and duration of use varied widely among patients. Further research is needed to understand how comorbidity and complexity contribute to the initiation and termination of this intervention.
Article
Psychiatry
Sarah J. Fuller, Jacinta Tan, Dasha Nicholls
Summary: Nasogastric tube feeding under physical restraint can have both positive and negative impacts on patients, carers, and staff. Further research is needed to understand how to mitigate the negative effects.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Balasundaram Kadirvelu, Teresa Bellido Bel, Xiaofei Wu, Victoria Burmester, Shayma Ananth, Bianca Cabral C. C. Branco, Braulio Girela-Serrano, Julia Gledhill, Martina Di Simplicio, Dasha Nicholls, A. Aldo Faisal
Summary: This study developed and evaluated a mobile mental health platform called Mindcraft, which integrates passive sensor data monitoring with active user interface to monitor the well-being of children and young people. Mindcraft showed promising results in user engagement and retention, with users reporting that it helped them increase emotional awareness and gain a better understanding of themselves. The app's user-centered design, privacy and transparency focus, and combination of active and passive data collection strategies contributed to its efficacy and receptiveness among the target demographic.
JMIR FORMATIVE RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Luke Rothwell, Kavyesh Vivek, Dasha Nicholls, Ian Maconochie, Emma M. Dyer
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has led to an increase in eating disorder presentations in children and young people, becoming a common scenario in pediatric emergency departments. This article covers a structured approach to identify and manage these cases in the emergency department, including history taking, examination, necessary investigations, and admission decision-making.
ARCHIVES OF DISEASE IN CHILDHOOD-EDUCATION AND PRACTICE EDITION
(2023)