Review
Psychology, Clinical
Harry Costello, Jonathan P. Roiser, Robert Howard
Summary: Depression in dementia is common and has negative effects on patients and carers. Antidepressants are widely used but lack evidence of efficacy, and may be harmful. More research is needed to understand why antidepressants are ineffective in dementia and to find new treatment targets. Clinicians continue to prescribe antidepressants, but novel approaches are needed to identify effective treatments for depression in dementia.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Ju-Wei Hsu, Li-Chi Chen, Kai-Lin Huang, Shih-Jen Tsai, Ya-Mei Bai, Tung-Ping Su, Tzeng-Ji Chen, Mu-Hong Chen
Summary: Compared to adolescents with antidepressant-responsive depression, those with antidepressant-resistant depression have a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus. Clinicians should closely monitor risk factors related to type 2 diabetes in high-risk populations, especially in adolescents with antidepressant-resistant depression.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Zheng Zhao, Xi Mei, Lingli Shi, Chengying Zheng
Summary: Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) is a complex clinicopathologic disease that can only be definitively diagnosed through autopsy. It belongs to a group of diseases that exhibit Parkinson's syndrome, including Lewy body dementia (LBD) or dementia with Lewy body (DLB), and Parkinson's disease dementia (PDD). The clinical manifestations of these dementias overlap significantly, making it difficult to distinguish between them. In this case, a patient initially suspected to have DLB was later diagnosed with PSP, demonstrating the complexity of diagnosis and treatment for patients with late life depression. Antidepressant therapy was found to be effective in improving depressive symptoms and cognitive function.
ASIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Allen T. C. Lee, Ada W. T. Fung, Marcus Richards, Wai C. Chan, Helen F. K. Chiu, Ruby S. Y. Lee, Linda C. W. Lam
Summary: The study found that individuals with depression only in adulthood do not have an increased risk of dementia; however, those with depression in both adulthood and late life have a higher risk of dementia, while improvement in late-life depression reduces the risk. Late-onset depression may serve as a prodrome of dementia.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Rosanne J. J. Turner, Karin Hagoort, Rosa J. J. Meijer, Femke Coenen, Floortje E. E. Scheepers
Summary: Currently, it is challenging to choose the right antidepressant for individual patients. In this study, we used retrospective Bayesian network analysis and natural language processing to identify patterns in patient characteristics, treatment choices, and outcomes. We collected data from adult patients treated with antidepressants at two mental healthcare facilities in the Netherlands between 2014 and 2020. By analyzing clinical notes, we extracted outcome measures such as antidepressant continuation, prescription duration, and treatment outcome topics. Our findings revealed dependencies between treatment choices, patient characteristics, and outcomes. Tightly intertwined with treatment outcomes and prescription duration were the use of antipsychotics and benzodiazepines. Tricyclic antidepressant prescription and depressive disorder were significant predictors for antidepressant continuation. This study offers a feasible approach for pattern discovery in psychiatry data, and further research should explore the potential translation of these patterns into clinical decision support tools.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
William H. Roughan, Adrian Campos, Luis M. Garcia-Marin, Gabriel Cuellar-Partida, Michelle K. Lupton, Ian B. Hickie, Sarah E. Medland, Naomi R. Wray, Enda M. Byrne, Trung Thanh Ngo, Nicholas G. Martin, Miguel E. Renteria
Summary: The study found a bidirectional relationship between chronic pain and depression, with chronic pain increasing the risk of depression, recent suicide attempts, smoking, and painkiller misuse. Individuals with comorbid chronic pain and depression experienced poorer treatment response to antidepressants, especially sertraline, escitalopram, and venlafaxine. Participants taking these medications specifically for chronic pain reported lower benefits compared to those taking them for other indications.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Patrick J. Brown, Adam Ciarleglio, Steven P. Roose, Carolina Montes Garcia, Sarah Chung, Sara Fernandes, Bret R. Rutherford
Summary: This study investigated the long-term relationship between physical frailty and antidepressant medication response in older adults with depressive illness. The results showed that antidepressant medication is less effective for treating major depressive disorder in frail older adults, and even when a response is achieved, it does not improve their frailty. These findings highlight the importance of assessing frailty in depressed older adults and the need for novel therapeutic strategies to address comorbid frailty and depression.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Gerontology
Ning Hsieh, Hui Liu, Wen-Hua Lai
Summary: Cognitive impairment prevalence is significantly higher among sexual minority older adults compared to heterosexual older adults, with depressive symptoms explaining some of this disparity. Anxiety symptoms, physical comorbidities, health behaviors, and social connections do not fully explain the cognitive disparity by sexual orientation.
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Anouk F. J. Geraets, Anja K. K. Leist, Kay Deckers, Frans R. J. Verhey, Miranda T. T. Schram, Sebastian Kohler
Summary: Individuals with depression have an increased risk of dementia, which can be explained by modifiable risk factors for dementia. Modifiable dementia risk factors can be important targets for dementia prevention in individuals with depression during midlife.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Yang Liao, Yingyi Wang, Qing-Qing Tao, Chaoguang Yang, Jinlei Wang, Jinbo Cheng, Jun Ma, Zhi-Ying Wu, Rui-Yuan Pan, Zengqiang Yuan
Summary: This study found a significant association between CALHM2 V136G mutation and AD, which resulted in the loss of CALHM2 function and impaired synaptic plasticity. Mice with the mutation displayed depressive-like behaviors and cognitive decline in old age. These findings suggest that CALHM2 dysfunction may contribute to the clinical correlation between depression and AD.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Kelsey Kathleen Wiggs, Ayehsa C. Sujan, Martin E. Rickert, Patrick D. Quinn, Henrik Larsson, Paul Lichtenstein, Brian M. D'Onofrio, A. Sara Oberg
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the risk of neonatal seizures and epilepsy in children born to women who use serotonergic antidepressants during pregnancy. The results showed that the children of women who reported using SSRIs/SNRIs during pregnancy had a higher risk of neonatal seizures and epilepsy compared to other children. However, after adjusting for various factors, this association was attenuated.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Emma Neble Larsen, Mathilde Marie Sloth, Merete Osler, Ida Kim Wium-Andersen, Terese Sara Hoj Jorgensen
Summary: This study found that men with depression before late midlife are at a higher risk of dementia later in life, with a significant association between antidepressant medication and hospitalization for depression with increased hazard of dementia.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Seyed Ahmad Sajjadi, Syed Bukhari, Kiana A. Scambray, Rui Yan, Claudia Kawas, Thomas J. Montine, Maria M. Corrada
Summary: LATE-NC is a prevalent degenerative pathology in the oldest-old, with significant associations with dementia and cognitive impairment. Past medical histories of hypertension and osteoarthritis are associated with a lower likelihood of LATE-NC.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Ju-Wei Hsu, Li-Chi Chen, Shih-Jen Tsai, Kai-Lin Huang, Ya-Mei Bai, Tung-Ping Su, Tzeng-Ji Chen, Mu -Hong Chen
Summary: Studies have shown that there is a positive relationship between resistance to antidepressants and the progression of bipolar disorder. However, the specific influence of different types of antidepressants, such as SSRIs and SNRIs, in this context has not been thoroughly investigated. This study recruited a total of 5,285 young people with antidepressant-resistant depression and 21,140 with antidepressant-responsive depression. It was found that those with resistance to antidepressants, especially to both SSRIs and SNRIs, were at an increased risk of developing bipolar disorder.
EUROPEAN NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Maria Lucia da Silva Cordeiro, Veronica Giuliani de Queiroz Aquino Martins, Ariana Pereira da Silva, Hugo Alexandre Oliveira Rocha, Vanessa de Paula Soares Rachetti, Katia Castanho Scortecci
Summary: This article introduces depression and the limitations of pharmacological treatment. The study suggests that phenolic acids from medicinal plants and their extracts have the potential to reduce depressive symptoms and modulate multiple molecular pathways associated with depression.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Lee Smith, Damiano Pizzol, Guillermo F. Lopez-Sanchez, Hans Oh, Louis Jacob, Lin Yang, Nicola Veronese, Pinar Soysal, Daragh McDermott, Yvonne Barnett, Laurie Butler, Ai Koyanagi
Summary: This study investigated the association between body weight and anxiety symptoms in older adults from low and middle income countries. The results showed that underweight and class III obesity were significantly associated with anxiety symptoms, with class III obesity only affecting males. Further research is needed to understand the reason behind this association.
WIENER KLINISCHE WOCHENSCHRIFT
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jens Bohlken, Steffi Riedel-Heller, Antje Kramer, Karel Kostev, Anette Schrag
Summary: There was no increase in the number of patients with Parkinson's disease in Germany from 2010 to 2019, but there was an increase in the proportion of elderly patients and a decrease in the proportion of female patients.
FORTSCHRITTE DER NEUROLOGIE PSYCHIATRIE
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Niklas Gremke, Karel Kostev, Matthias Kalder
Summary: This retrospective study investigated the impact of various antihypertensive medications on urinary tract infections in outpatient settings in Germany. The results showed no significant association between different antihypertensive drug classes and the incidence of UTI or antibiotic therapy. The study also found that women had higher rates of UTI and antibiotic therapy compared to men.
Article
Oncology
Sven H. Loosen, David Schoeler, Mark Luedde, Johannes Eschrich, Tom Luedde, Karel Kostev, Christoph Roderburg
Summary: Chronic liver diseases, especially chronic hepatitis, are strongly associated with the development of liver cancer. This study found that patients with alcoholic hepatitis and hepatitis C have a higher risk of cancer, particularly in the respiratory tract.
JOURNAL OF CANCER RESEARCH AND CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Sebastian Dietmar Barth, Karel Kostev, Magdalene Krensel, Elke Mathey, Wolfgang Rathmann
Summary: This study analyzed the prescription use of GLP-1RA and SGLT2i drugs in individuals with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease in a real-world setting in Germany. The study found that the use of these drugs increased after the 2018 ADA/EASD consensus guidelines, but it was largely independent of pre-existing cardiovascular disease.
EXPERIMENTAL AND CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & DIABETES
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Sven H. Loosen, Karel Kostev, Tom Luedde, Christoph Roderburg
Summary: Infectious mononucleosis is significantly associated with the incidence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and this association is most pronounced in older age groups.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Yeon Jae Jeong, Seoyeon Park, Dong Keon Yon, Seung Won Lee, Kalthoum Tizaoui, Ai Koyanagi, Louis Jacob, Karel Kostev, Elena Dragioti, Joaquim Radua, Andrew Stickley, Hans Oh, Jae Il Shin, Lee Smith
Summary: Gout, a common rheumatic disease, has been understudied in non-industrialized countries. This study aimed to investigate the global burden of gout, including its associations with various factors. The findings revealed an increasing trend in the total number of gout patients and age-standardized prevalence rate from 1990 to 2019. Gout was most prevalent in Australasia and high-income North America, and higher sociodemographic index was associated with higher prevalence, incidence, and YLDs. High BMI and kidney dysfunction were identified as risk factors for gout, and gout showed correlations with other kidney diseases.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Sven H. Loosen, Karel Kostev, David Schoeler, Hans-Martin Orth, Noemi F. Freise, Bjoern-Erik Ole Jensen, Petra May, Johannes G. Bode, Christoph Roderburg, Tom Luedde
Summary: This study aims to evaluate the association between Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) and the development of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). A retrospective cohort study found that patients with infectious mononucleosis have a higher risk of developing IBD, especially in young females. This study supports the hypothesis of a pathophysiological involvement of EBV in the development of Crohn's disease.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Louis Jacob, Razak M. Gyasi, Ai Koyanagi, Josep Maria Haro, Lee Smith, Karel Kostev
Summary: This study investigated the prevalence and risk factors for adhesive capsulitis in older adults from Germany. The one-year and lifetime prevalence of adhesive capsulitis were assessed in adults aged >= 65 years with visits to general practices in 2021. Associations between physical and psychiatric conditions and adhesive capsulitis were further assessed in older patients diagnosed from 2010-2021 and matched to patients without adhesive capsulitis. The study found that adhesive capsulitis can occur at older age, and osteoarthritis and injuries are major risk factors.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Dragos Andrei Duse, Michael Groene, Nicolas Kramser, Matthias Ortkemper, Christine Quast, Fabian Voss, Nadia Heramvand, Karel Kostev, Malte Kelm, Patrick Horn, Christian Jung, Ralf Erkens
Summary: This study analyzed the initial serum phosphate levels of 488 patients who achieved return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) after cardiac arrest (CA), and found that phosphate levels higher than 2.7 mmol/L were associated with higher mortality and neurological impairment. These results suggest that phosphate determination may improve the preciseness of overall and neurological prognostication in patients after cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) following ROSC.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sven H. H. Loosen, Sarah Krieg, Julia Gaensbacher, Corinna Doege, Andreas Krieg, Tom Luedde, Mark Luedde, Christoph Roderburg, Karel Kostev
Summary: The pathogenesis of heart failure involves multifactorial processes of remodeling at structural, cellular, and molecular levels, with a possible role of inflammatory signaling pathways. This retrospective case-control study aimed to investigate the association between antibiotic use and the incidence of heart failure. The results showed that low antibiotic use was associated with a slightly lower risk of heart failure, while specific antibiotics such as sulfonamides and macrolides were associated with a significantly lower incidence of heart failure. Conversely, high use of cephalosporins was associated with an increased risk of heart failure.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Roman Kessler, Jos Philipp, Joanna Wilfer, Karel Kostev
Summary: In this study, patient medical history data from primary care practices in Germany were used to predict post-COVID-19 conditions and evaluate associated factors using machine learning. The LGBM classifier was optimized and SHAP values were used to assess feature importance and direction of influence. The results identified several predictive features, including COVID-19 variant, physician practice, age, diagnoses and therapies, sick days ratio, sex, vaccination rate, and various diseases and symptoms, for the development of long COVID. This exploratory study provides initial insights into predicting long COVID risk factors using patient history before COVID-19 infection.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Sven H. Loosen, Sarah Krieg, Andreas Krieg, Tom Luedde, Karel Kostev, Christoph Roderburg
Summary: This study investigated the association between body height and type 2 diabetes (T2D) in a large cohort of adult outpatients in Germany. The results showed that the incidence of T2D decreased with increasing body height in both women and men across all age groups. In multivariable regression analyses, each 10 cm decrease in body height increased the risk of T2D by 15% in women and 10% in men. These findings support the inclusion of body height as part of diabetes risk assessment tools.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Niklas Gremke, Sebastian Griewing, Arturas Kadys, Karel Kostev, Uwe Wagner, Matthias Kalder
Summary: Endocrine therapy is the primary systemic treatment for hormone receptor positive breast cancer, but it can lead to side effects such as bone loss. This study aimed to investigate the prescription of antiresorptive drugs in breast cancer patients undergoing endocrine therapy in Germany and found that patients on aromatase inhibitors were more likely to receive antiresorptive drugs, particularly denosumab.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Karel Kostev, Verena Altmann, Josep Maria Haro, Ai Koyanagi, Christian Tanislav, Razak M. Gyasi, Louis Jacob, Marc B. Sabbe
Summary: This study investigated the prevalence of ICD-10 surrogates of the modified frailty index (mFI) and their association with hospital referral in an older population from Germany. The results showed that the ICD-10 surrogates of the mFI were relatively frequent and significantly associated with 12-month incident hospital referral in this sample of older adults from general practices in Germany.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)