A prospective clinical study of regenerative endodontic treatment of traumatized immature teeth with necrotic pulps using bi-antibiotic paste

Aim To evaluate the treatment outcomes of a revitalization endodontic technique (RET) for the management of traumatized immature teeth with necrotic pulps in children. Methodology Fifteen healthy children (age range = 7-10 years) with traumatized immature maxillary incisors with necrotic pulps treated with bi-antibiotic revitalization endodontic technique were prospectively assessed over approximately two years (mean = 22 months). One operator undertook all treatments, clinical reviews and standardized radiographic exposures with radiographic analysis being carried out by two calibrated experienced clinicians. Crown colour change was assessed using an objective published methodology. Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to compare root lengths, root dentinal widths and apical foramen widths over time. Results Interoperator measurement reliability was consistently strong for all measurements. There was no significant difference in root lengths or root dentinal wall widths following RET. A significant difference in apical foramen widths was observed after 2years (P = 0.013) with resolution of clinical signs of infection in all cases. Despite omitting minocycline and using Portland cement (nonbismuth containing cement), a noticeable crown colour change (yellower, redder and lighter), as measured by an objective colour measurement system with E = 7.39, was recorded. Most patients, however, were satisfied with the aesthetic outcome. Conclusion Traumatized immature teeth with necrotic pulps treated with revitalization endodontic technique did not demonstrate continuation of root development or dentine formation when assessed by periapical radiographs. However, apical closure and periodontal healing were observed. A measurable change in crown colour (yellower, redder and lighter), with mostly no aesthetic concern to the patients/parents, was also observed.