Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Andrew M. Reiter, Gregory D. Roach, Charli Sargent
Summary: Night shift workers experience disrupted sleep, but chronotype does not significantly affect hunger and snack consumption.
Article
Clinical Neurology
A. Gibbings, L. B. Ray, N. Berberian, T. Nguyen, A. Shahidi Zandi, A. M. Owen, F. J. E. Comeau, S. M. Fogel
Summary: The study shows that just one night of mild sleep loss significantly increases sleepiness and reduces vigilance. Furthermore, this sleep loss affects brain physiology in ways that indicate decreased arousal.
CLINICAL NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Industrial
Arne Nieuwenhuys, Jonas Dora, Melanie Knufinke-Meyfroyt, Debby Beckers, Gerard Rietjens, Pieter Helmhout
Summary: The study found that submariners experienced suboptimal sleep, cognitive performance, and self-reported recovery status throughout a long military mission, with day-to-day fluctuations gradually leading to overall deterioration in performance.
APPLIED ERGONOMICS
(2021)
Article
Ergonomics
Jennifer M. Cori, Luke A. Downey, Tracey L. Sletten, Caroline J. Beatty, Brook A. Shiferaw, Shamsi Shekari Soleimanloo, Sophie Turner, Aqsa Naqvi, Maree Barnes, Jonny Kuo, Michael G. Lenne, Clare Anderson, Andrew J. Tucker, Alexander P. Wolkow, Anna Clark, Shantha M. W. Rajaratnam, Mark E. Howard
Summary: Extending the major rest break between shifts to 11 hours significantly increases sleep duration and has a modest positive impact on driver alertness and performance. However, lane departures per hour were increased under the 11-hour rest condition.
ACCIDENT ANALYSIS AND PREVENTION
(2021)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Alexandra Hemmer, Julie Mareschal, Charna Dibner, Jacques A. Pralong, Victor Dorribo, Stephen Perrig, Laurence Genton, Claude Pichard, Tinh-Hai Collet
Summary: Energy metabolism is closely connected to circadian rhythms and external factors like shift work can disrupt these rhythms, impacting physiological markers and potentially leading to cardio-metabolic disorders. Research on shift work and its effects on health outcomes have shown inconsistent results due to variations in study designs, highlighting the need for novel approaches to better understand the relationship between shift work and metabolic disorders.
Article
Physiology
Ciaran J. McMullan, Andrew W. McHill, Joseph T. Hull, Wei Wang, John P. Forman, Elizabeth B. Klerman
Summary: Prolonged exposure to chronic sleep restriction and shiftwork can lead to hypertension and cardiovascular diseases. This study found that rotating sleep schedules caused circadian disruption, resulting in increased blood pressure, renal sodium retention, and aldosterone excretion. These findings provide mechanistic insights into the adverse effects of shiftwork on cardiovascular and renal health.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Erika M. Yamazaki, Caroline A. Antler, Charlotte R. Lasek, Namni Goel
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the recovery patterns and differences after total sleep deprivation (TSD) and chronic sleep restriction (SR). Results showed that deficits in cognitive performance, self-reported sleepiness, and other measures were reversed after recovery sleep, except for some measures which failed to completely recover. This suggests that TSD and SR induce sustained, differential biological, physiological, and/or neural changes that are not reversed with chronic, long-duration recovery sleep.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Elissa K. Hoopes, Melissa A. Witman, Michele N. D'Agata, Benjamin Brewer, David G. Edwards, Shannon M. Robson, Susan K. Malone, Thomas Keiser, Freda Patterson
Summary: This study found that variability in sleep patterns and eating timing is associated with the development of early adulthood atherosclerosis. Metrics related to eating timing were not associated with atherosclerosis, but variability in sleep duration and sleep onset showed a stronger correlation.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Elisa Evangelista, Anna Laura Rassu, Regis Lopez, Niccolo Biagioli, Sofiene Chenini, Lucie Barateau, Isabelle Jaussent, Yves Dauvilliers
Summary: This study aimed to determine whether the psychomotor vigilance task (PVT) can reliably measure sleep inertia in patients with idiopathic hypersomnia (IH) and other sleep disorders. The results showed that PVT is a reliable and objective measure of sleep inertia, and it may be useful for characterizing, managing, and monitoring IH.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Frank A. J. L. Scheer, Michael F. Hilton, Heather L. Evoniuk, Sally A. Shiels, Atul Malhotra, Rena Sugarbaker, R. Timothy Ayers, Elliot Israel, Anthony F. Massaro, Steven A. Shea
Summary: The study found that asthma patients experience worsened lung function and exacerbation of symptoms at night, often masked by sleep. Asthma patients exhibit significant circadian rhythms throughout the day and are more likely to use bronchodilators during the night.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Marielle G. de Rijk, Alexander P. J. van Eekelen, Elly Kaldenberg, Sanne Boesveldt, Wendy te Woerd, Tineke Holwerda, Ceciel J. M. Lansink, Edith J. M. Feskens, Jeanne H. M. de Vries
Summary: The study found that eating frequency was positively associated with objectively measured alertness levels in female nurses during the night shift, but was not associated with subjective alertness and GI complaints.
JOURNAL OF SLEEP RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sarah L. Chellappa, Phillip A. Engen, Ankur Naqib, Jingyi Qian, Nina Vujovic, Nishath Rahman, Stefan J. Green, Marta Garaulet, Ali Keshavarzian, Frank A. J. L. Scheer
Summary: This study found that human oral microbiota has endogenous circadian rhythms and that circadian misalignment significantly affects the composition and functional pathways of the microbiota, particularly those related to metabolism and immune function. These findings have translational relevance for individuals exposed to circadian misalignment, such as night shift workers and frequent travelers.
Article
Biology
Xiaohong Ma, Zhiqiang Tian, Yunzhen Li, Xihui Gan, Silin Li, Yin Zhang, Siyu Chen, Shiqi Liu, Yue Huang, Yebing Yang, Yu Tian, Jinhu Guo
Summary: Accumulating data suggests that shift work disrupts circadian rhythms, adversely affecting physiology and performance. This study investigated the physiological changes and vigilance of individuals living on a 30-day frequent shift working schedule, mimicking maritime schedules. The findings revealed increased stress and fatigue, as well as altered sleepiness patterns and decreasing alertness during the shift schedule.
CHRONOBIOLOGY INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Physiology
Erika M. Yamazaki, Kathleen M. Rosendahl-Garcia, Courtney E. Casale, Laura E. MacMullen, Adrian J. Ecker, James N. Kirkpatrick, Namni Goel
Summary: Sleep loss and psychosocial stress can lead to individual differences in performance and cardiovascular function, but the biomarkers for predicting these differences remain unclear. This study examined the effects of total sleep deprivation and psychological stress on a comprehensive set of hemodynamic measures in healthy adults, and whether these measures can differentiate neurobehavioral performance in resilient and vulnerable individuals.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jennifer Cable, Eva Schernhammer, Erin C. Hanlon, Celine Vetter, Jonathan Cedernaes, Nour Makarem, Hassan S. Dashti, Ari Shechter, Christopher Depner, Ashley Ingiosi, Christine Blume, Xiao Tan, Elie Gottlieb, Christian Benedict, Eve Van Cauter, Marie-Pierre St-Onge
Summary: The human circadian system, consisting of the master clock in the suprachiasmatic nuclei of the hypothalamus and peripheral molecular clocks in organs throughout the body, plays a crucial role in organizing biological and physiological processes. Misalignment between sleep/wake and eating schedules due to modern life factors like work schedules, travel, and social activities can disrupt physiological and psychological parameters, increasing the risk of chronic diseases. Experts gathered virtually to discuss the bidirectional relationships between sleep, circadian rhythms, and health and disease, highlighting the importance of understanding and interventions for maintaining optimal health.
ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
(2021)
Correction
Nutrition & Dietetics
Yan Yin Phoi, Michelle Rogers, Maxine P. Bonham, Jillian Dorrian, Alison M. Coates
NUTRITION RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Sharayah Carter, Alison M. Hill, Jonathan D. Buckley, Sze-Yen Tan, Geraint B. Rogers, Alison M. Coates
Summary: This study compared postprandial changes in appetite-regulating hormones and self-reported appetite ratings after consuming almonds or a carbohydrate-rich snack bar. The results showed that almonds had better responses in postprandial C-peptide, glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide, and glucagon compared to the snack bar, but there were no differences in self-reported appetite ratings and energy intake after a buffet meal challenge.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Kai Liu, Bo Liu, Gary A. Wittert, Campbell H. Thompson, Amy T. Hutchison, Leonie K. Heilbronn
Summary: Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) is increased with acute fasting in animals and reduces food intake in rodents. This study examined the changes in GDF15 levels following intermittent fasting (IF) and caloric restriction (CR), and its associations with energy intake. Results showed that IF led to a greater weight loss compared to CR, but the increased GDF15 levels in IF were not related to energy intake. Therefore, the rise in GDF15 is unlikely to be the cause of energy intake restriction during IF.
OBESITY RESEARCH & CLINICAL PRACTICE
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Angela B. Clark, Alison M. Coates, Zoe E. Davidson, Maxine P. Bonham
Summary: Workers employed in rotating shift schedules have a higher metabolic risk and their dietary intake differs from those in regular day and fixed shift schedules. They consume higher energy intake and have irregular and more frequent meals, increased snacking/eating at night, and consume fewer core foods. This systematic review highlights the potential impact of rotating shift work on dietary habits and emphasizes the need for further research in this area. This review was registered at PROSPERO as ID 182507.
ADVANCES IN NUTRITION
(2023)
Review
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Sharayah Carter, Elizabeth S. Connole, Alison M. Hill, Jonathan D. Buckley, Alison M. Coates
Summary: This review summarizes recent evidence on the association between egg consumption and risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality, CVD incidence, and CVD risk factors. The evidence from observational studies is mixed, with some reporting an increased risk of CVD mortality with highest egg consumption, while others find no association. The relationship between egg intake and total CVD incidence is also inconsistent, with reports of increased risk, decreased risk, or no association. Most studies suggest a reduced risk or no association between egg consumption and CVD risk factors. Ethnicity may influence the risk of CVD with egg consumption, likely due to variations in dietary habits.
CURRENT ATHEROSCLEROSIS REPORTS
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Gary A. Wittert, Mathis Grossmann, Bu B. Yeap, David J. Handelsman
Summary: Testosterone, acting as both androgen receptor and as aromatization to oestradiol, plays important roles in adipose tissue, bone, and skeletal muscle biology. Epidemiological studies have linked lower testosterone levels with obesity, disordered glucose metabolism, and an increased risk of type 2 diabetes in men. The Testosterone for the Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes (T4DM) study found that a 2-year treatment with testosterone undecanoate reduced the likelihood of T2D diagnosis by 40% and led to favorable changes in body composition, bone mineral density, and skeletal microarchitecture, but not in glycaemic control.
JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Emma McIntosh, Sally A. A. Ferguson, Jillian Dorrian, Alison M. M. Coates, Gloria Leung, Charlotte C. C. Gupta
Summary: This qualitative study analyzed Facebook comments to investigate the dietary behaviors of shiftworkers. The results identified motivations, attitudes, and barriers to healthy eating, as well as similarities and differences across shiftwork industries. Future research should explore the link between scheduled eating and shiftwork, the impact of rotating shift arrangements on dietary health behaviors, and the influence of interpersonal relationships on shiftworker dietary choices. Understanding these motivations will inform strategies to promote healthy eating and overcome barriers for shiftworkers.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
David J. Handelsman, Mathis Grossmann, Bu B. Yeap, Bronwyn G. A. Stuckey, Nandini Shankara-Narayana, Ann J. Conway, Warrick J. Inder, Robert Mclachlan, Carolyn Allan, Alicia J. Jenkins, David Jesudason, Karen Bracken, Gary A. Wittert
Summary: The T4DM study shows that testosterone treatment for men with impaired glucose tolerance or newly diagnosed diabetes reduces the risk of diabetes and improves sleep apnea diagnosis during the study period, but these effects disappear after the study. There is also evidence of androgen dependence in some men receiving prolonged injectable testosterone treatment.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Emily Jane Meyer, Gary Allen Wittert
Summary: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and obesity are closely associated; OSA is often unrecognized in women; OSA increases the risk of developing comorbid chronic disorders and impairs quality of life; appropriate treatment can improve symptoms and related diseases.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Cricket Fauska, Tarun Bastiampillai, Robert J. Adams, Gary Wittert, Danny J. Eckert, Kelly A. Loffler
Summary: This article discusses the effects of quetiapine on sleep and breathing, emphasizing the importance of understanding its impact on obstructive sleep apnea and its mechanisms. It also proposes future research priorities to address the current knowledge gaps.
JOURNAL OF SLEEP RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Sharayah Carter, Alison M. Hill, Lauren C. Mead, Hoi Y. Wong, Catherine Yandell, Jonathan D. Buckley, Sze-Yen Tan, Geraint B. Rogers, Francois Fraysse, Alison M. Coates
Summary: This study evaluated the effects of an energy-restricted diet containing almonds compared to a diet containing carbohydrate-rich snacks on weight and cardiometabolic outcomes. The results showed that both diets led to improvements in weight and cardiometabolic health, with the almond-enriched diet showing greater improvements in some lipoprotein subfractions.
Article
Emergency Medicine
Angela B. Clark, Alison M. Coates, Tammie Choi, Ben Meadley, Kelly-Ann Bowles, Maxine P. Bonham
Summary: This study examined the dietary behavior changes among graduate paramedics during their first year of exposure to rotating shift work, and investigated the changes in dietary intake, diet quality, and body composition over two years. The findings revealed that food choices were influenced by coworker habits, mealtime unpredictability, and occasional indulgence in unhealthy options. Although daily energy intake and diet quality scores remained stable, there was a significant increase in takeaway food consumption and subsequent weight gain, BMI, and waist circumference over the two-year period.
PREHOSPITAL EMERGENCY CARE
(2023)
Review
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Melissa J. J. Opozda, Melissa Oxlad, Deborah Turnbull, Himanshu Gupta, Andrew D. D. Vincent, Samuel Ziesing, Murray Nankivell, Gary Wittert
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the characteristics of psychotherapeutic e-mental health interventions for depression or anxiety in men and their effects on men's depression and anxiety symptoms. The findings indicate that e-mental health interventions are effective in improving men's depression symptoms. It is crucial to consider gender and sex in the development, evaluation, and dissemination of such interventions for men.
CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Julien Bensalem, Xiao Tong Teong, Kathryn J. Hattersley, Leanne K. Hein, Celia Fourrier, Kai Liu, Amy T. Hutchison, Leonie K. Heilbronn, Timothy J. Sargeant
Summary: Previously, preclinical data have shown that autophagy can delay age-related diseases. However, this study is the first to measure the changes in basal autophagic flux in humans and found that it actually increases with age. This discovery is significant for future clinical research.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Siobhan Banks, Christopher W. Jones, Mark E. Mccauley, Jillian Dorrian, Mathias Basner, Greg Maislin, Hans P. A. Van Dongen, David F. Dinges
Summary: This laboratory study investigates the dynamics of neurobehavioral impairment caused by chronic sleep restriction. The experiment involves two periods of sleep restriction, with a 1-day dose-response intervention sleep opportunity in between. The results show that the neurobehavioral impairment accumulates across the two sleep restriction periods, and the intervention sleep opportunity has only a slight and short-lived effect. The findings highlight the profound and enduring influence of long-term sleep-wake history on the neurobehavioral response to sleep loss.
JOURNAL OF SLEEP RESEARCH
(2023)