Article
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
Shuang Sun, Dan Zou, Ji Chen, Yuefeng Deng
Summary: This study investigates the removal of radioactive Th(IV) from high-purity Sc2O3 using DEHEHP and the extraction behavior of Sc(III) from HNO3 solution using DEHEHP. The results show that DEHEHP exhibits excellent separation ability for Sc(III) and Th(IV) from HNO3 solution.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Zhongqi Ren, Xiaoyu Wei, Rujie Li, Wanhang Wang, Yangyang Wang, Zhiyong Zhou
Summary: This study developed a new method for selectively extracting lithium ions from high Mg/Li salt lake brine, achieving efficient extraction and separation under optimized conditions with new co-extractant and diluent. The extraction system demonstrated excellent stability and reusability, showing potential for further research and industrial applications.
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Engineering, Chemical
Junlian Wang, Wen Xu, Hui Liu, Fengshan Yu, Huajun Wang
Summary: This review categorized 183 compounds into seven major groups, and discussed their characteristics in Pd extraction mechanism, extractability, structure-activity relationships, extraction kinetics, acidity effect on Pd extraction efficiency, selectivity and stripping.
MINERALS ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Shuainan Ni, Yun Gao, Guisu Yu, Sijia Zhang, Zhiyuan Zeng, Xiaoqi Sun
Summary: In this study, new hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents (HDESs) were used to selectively enrich trace Th from radioactive waste leach solution. These HDESs showed exceptional selectivity for Th extraction, along with high loading capacity and easy stripping. A short flow closed-loop recovery process was developed to efficiently extract Th from the leach solution of radioactive waste residue.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Yi-wei Huang, Han Feng, Xiao-hong Xiong, Feng Luo
Summary: This paper presents an ultrasimple technique combining crystallization and phase transformation for the generation of high-purity thorium. The technique selectively adsorbs Th(IV) ions and directly generates inorganic thorium compounds, showing superior application potential.
INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Ahmed H. Orabi, Basma T. Mohamed, Doaa A. Ismaiel, Salah S. Elyan
Summary: Monazite mineral is the main source of uranium and thorium, which are mainly associated with rare earth elements. Selective extraction of uranium and thorium was achieved using dipropylamine, with thermodynamic analysis indicating an exothermic process. This method allows for the preparation of marketable pure thorium and uranium products in addition to rare earth concentrate.
MINERALS ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Sina Shakibania, Alireza Mahmoudi, Mohammad Mokmeli
Summary: A selective process for separating vanadium and iron from steelmaking slag is proposed in this study. The process involves leaching, cementation, and solvent extraction stages. The experimental results show that D2EHPA and Aliquat 336 are effective extractants for vanadium extraction with different oxidation states. The study also reveals the extraction mechanism of vanadium through both anion and cation exchange reactions.
MINERALS ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Takafumi Matsutani, Yuji Sasaki, Shoichi Katsuta
Summary: The study demonstrates that effective separation of light and middle lanthanides can be achieved under experimental conditions, with key curves related to extraction and separation obtained through multistage extraction, influenced by the D values and concentrations of metals.
ANALYTICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Xiaofan Yang, Lei Xu, Anyun Zhang, Chengliang Xiao
Summary: The separation of actinides from lanthanides is a crucial step in the spent nuclear fuel reprocessing. Organophosphorus extractants, such as tributyl phosphate (TBP) and octyl(phenyl)-N,N-diisobutylcarbamoylmethylphosphine oxide (CMPO), have been widely used due to their strong extraction ability and low cost. This article discusses the application scope, extraction mechanism, structure-function relationships, and newly developed organophosphorus extractants for the separation of actinides over lanthanides. The important role of these extractants and their potential applications in future advanced nuclear fuel cycle are also emphasized.
CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Jianzhang Gao, Jiaqi Chen, Huitao Lv, Xingan Feng, Shitao Liao, Yongde Yan, Yun Xue, Fuqiu Ma
Summary: In this paper, a new process combining electrolysis and leaching is proposed to achieve resource regeneration of uranium and thorium from radioactive wastewater. The results showed that carbonate was the optimal separation system for uranium-thorium separation, with a maximum separation efficiency of 4.8 x 104 at pH 10.5. The study also demonstrated effective electrochemical recovery of uranium and selective leaching of thorium, leading to a roughly tripled purity of the final product. This study provides an effective strategy for reducing waste and achieving the recycling of non-renewable uranium-thorium resources.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Guanju Zhang, Lixin Zhang, Qi Wang, Jinxin Guo, Huiying Wei, Yanzhao Yang
Summary: This study successfully investigated the extraction and separation of Pd(ii)/Pt(iv) from hydrochloric acid medium using 2-mercaptobenzimidazole, confirming the extraction mechanisms and proposing a feasible strategy for separation. High purities of 92.1% Pd(ii) and 98.7% Pt(iv) were obtained through two-stage extraction, demonstrating excellent selectivity in recovering individual metals from multi-metal solutions.
NEW JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Xinyuan Bi, Haijuan Jiang, Xingle Guo, Min Wang, Yu Niu, Liyan Jia, Xu Jing
Summary: A density-adjusted liquid-phase microextraction combined with smartphone digital image colorimetry was established for rapid, convenient, and environmentally friendly determination of parathion-methyl in food samples. The environmentally friendly solvent guaiacol was used as the extractant, and salt and water were used to adjust the density to ensure full contact between the extractant and the sample solution. Parathion-methyl generated a yellow product under strong alkaline conditions, and a smartphone was used for intensity analysis. The method showed a good linear relationship in the range of 0.01-1 mg L-1, with low limits of detection and quantification. The method was successfully applied to various food samples with high recovery and low relative standard deviation.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Qiang Wu, Fang Zhang, Qing-Gang Huang, Xuan Fu, Yang Li, Xu-Xin Li, Yan-Ning Niu, Ze-Yi Yan
Summary: Three novel [DC(18)DMA](+) ionic liquids were synthesized for the extraction of thorium ions, showing high extraction efficiency and selectivity. The self-assembly extraction process based on [DC(18)DMA](+) ILs may provide a new method for the separation and enrichment of thorium ions.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Heitor Augusto Duarte, Pedro de Alcantara Pessoa Filho
Summary: This work presents an approach to describe liquid-liquid equilibrium in metal ion extraction processes with high metal ion loadings in industrial conditions. The study successfully predicts and describes the extraction of cobalt from multicomponent solutions at total metal ion loadings of approximately 45%, typical of industrial production and separation operations.
MINERALS ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Zidong Tan, Yong Zhen, Chang Wei, Xin Jin, Xingbin Li, Gang Fan, Xingguo Luo
Summary: In this study, germanium was selectively extracted using an organic phase containing YW100, D2EHPA, N235, and kerosene. The extraction process achieved a high extraction ratio and the addition of N235 improved the phase separation performance.
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Gaoshan Yu, Zhiyuan Zeng, Yun Gao, Shuainan Ni, Hepeng Zhang, Xiaoqi Sun
Summary: This article studied the separation of aluminum (Al) and rare earth (RE) elements using the carboxylic acid extractant 4-octyloxybenzoic acid (POOA) from ion adsorbed RE ores. The extraction and separation performance of POOA in chloride system was systematically studied by changing parameters such as pH value, temperature, solvent, and saponification degree. The results showed that POOA had a good separation effect on Al and RE, and it achieved better phase separation compared to easily emulsified naphthenic acid. The developed extraction system can be almost completely stripped under the condition of low concentration stripping acid.
JOURNAL OF RARE EARTHS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Lei Wang, Yun Gao, Yujun Chai, Xiaoqi Sun
Summary: In this study, a SDAS-modified AC-CF electrode was successfully used for the electro-sorption recovery of La(III), Nd(III) and Ce(III) ions. The adsorption capacities were stable and the method showed potential application in the recovery of rare earth elements from wastewater.
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Chenhao Liu, Hepeng Zhang, Bing Luo, Liqing Li, Xiaoqi Sun
Summary: The extraction-precipitation method using N-lauroyl sarcosine as the precipitant shows a specific precipitation ability for rare earth, and a new enrichment process for bastnaesite leachate is developed to effectively remove impurities and reduce energy consumption and carbon emission.
MINERALS ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Zeyuan Zhao, Shuainan Ni, Hailan Zhi, Hepeng Zhang, Xiang Su, Xiaoqi Sun
Summary: A two-step reduction method was used to prepare the positive charge modified two-step reduced graphene oxide (TS-rGO) membrane, which addressed the issues of water swelling and low ion selectivity of the graphene oxide (GO) membrane. The modification of stable polyamino molecules onto GO enhanced ion selectivity and maintained the stability of the interlayer channel. The TS-rGO membrane exhibited high ion selectivity, high permeability to low-valent ions, and high water flux as a result of the successful modification of positive charge.
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Meiqi Zhang, Yijie Yang, Luo Feng, Xiaoqi Sun
Summary: A near infrared reflective inorganic pigment YIn1-x-yMnyFexO3 (x/y = 0.1-0.5) was prepared and showed a change in phase and color with the increase of iron content. The black pigment exhibited high near infrared reflectivity and good chemical stability, making it promising for energy conservation applications.
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Yun Gao, Jia Su, Chao Bie, Yamin Dong, Zhiyuan Zeng, Xiaoqi Sun
Summary: In order to effectively separate yttrium from rare-earth elements, researchers developed a novel ionic liquid [N-1888]-[POPA]. This ionic liquid achieved efficient separation of heavy rare-earth elements and yttrium through ion association, thus avoiding the generation of saponification wastewater. The fractional extraction process based on [N-1888]-[POPA] exhibited satisfying performance, resulting in an increase in yttrium purity from 85.2% to 99.1% through nine extraction stages and six scrubbing stages.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING DATA
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Shuainan Ni, Guisu Yu, Yun Gao, Sijia Zhang, Hao Su, Xiaoqi Sun
Summary: This paper reports a novel strategy for separating Al3+ and Gd3+ based on hydrophobic deep eutectic solvent (HDES). The results show that HDES can effectively remove Al3+ from GdCl3 solution, with good separation performance and high purity of GdCl3 product.
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ditang Mo, Guisu Yu, Zhiyuan Zeng, Shuainan Ni, Sijia Zhang, Xiaoqi Sun
Summary: The recovery of valuable metals from spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) using sec-octylphenoxyacetic acid (CA-12) was investigated in this study. Optimized conditions resulted in a 99% co-extraction rate of nickel, cobalt, and manganese to the organic phase, with only 7% lithium loss. The leaching efficiency of all components in the spent LIBs powder was greater than 95%. After two-stage extraction, the total extraction efficiencies of nickel, cobalt, and manganese reached 99.7%, 99.4%, and 98.45%, respectively. The recovered lithium purity was 97.7% after precipitation with saturated Na2CO3. These results highlight the potential application prospects of CA-12 for the recovery of critical metals from spent LIBs.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Shuainan Ni, Yun Gao, Guisu Yu, Sijia Zhang, Zhiyuan Zeng, Xiaoqi Sun
Summary: In this study, new hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents (HDESs) were used to selectively enrich trace Th from radioactive waste leach solution. These HDESs showed exceptional selectivity for Th extraction, along with high loading capacity and easy stripping. A short flow closed-loop recovery process was developed to efficiently extract Th from the leach solution of radioactive waste residue.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Sijia Zhang, Shuainan Ni, Zhiyuan Zeng, Ditang Mo, Bin Huang, Xiaoqi Sun
Summary: In this study, the synergistic effect between lauric acid (LA) and primary amine N1923 (RNH2) was investigated for the saponification of acidic extractant. The LA-RNH2 extraction system showed high extraction and separation performance in recovering Sm and Co from SmCo magnets. This research provides a novel strategy for the saponification of acidic extractants and has potential applications in metal recovery processes.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR LIQUIDS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Hao Su, Shuainan Ni, Chenhao Liu, Xiaoqi Sun
Summary: In this study, four fatty acid-based ionic liquids were synthesized to remove aluminum impurities in ion-adsorption rare earth ores. One specific ionic liquid, [methyltrioctylammonium][neodecanoate], showed better extraction and separation performance for aluminum. A process combining fractional extraction and extraction-precipitation was developed to remove impurity ions in the leaching solution of magnesium sulfate and achieve high concentration rare earth chloride product with high purity.
MINERALS ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Zhiyuan Zeng, Yun Gao, Shuainan Ni, Sijia Zhang, Xinyu Fu, Xiaoqi Sun
Summary: This study developed novel ionic liquids (ILs) and evaluated their effectiveness in recovering thorium (Th) and rare earth (RE) from waste residue leaching solution (WRLS). The difunctionalization of the ILs cation provided more coordination sites and achieved higher extraction and separation performance. [OB2DTA][CA12] was capable of extracting 99.0% of Th and only 0.4% of RE, with a Th/RE separation factor of 22114. This research provides a recyclable separation strategy for the treatment of ion-adsorbed rare earth ore (IATREO) waste residue, simplifying the separation process and reducing chemical consumption.
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Bin Huang, Sijia Zhang, Shuainan Ni, Chunlin Ye, Youlin Wang, Xiaoqi Sun
Summary: YCl3 was used as a leaching agent to recover RE from ion-adsorbed RE minerals, demonstrating excellent potential to replace (NH4)2SO4. The leaching efficiency decreased with the order Y3+>Mg2+>NH4+ and increased with the concentration of the leachant. At a concentration of 0.01 mol/L, YCl3 achieved a higher leaching rate compared to Mg2SO4. The optimum conditions for column leaching were determined to achieve a maximum leaching efficiency of non-Y RE as 100%.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Bing Luo, Shuainan Ni, Xinyu Fu, Xiaoqi Sun
Summary: This paper investigates the synergistic extraction performance of Scandium using a mixture of Cyanex572 and Cyanex923 in sulfuric acid medium. The best synergistic effect is achieved when the pH value of the aqueous phase is 2 and the mole fraction of Cyanex572 is 0.5, with a synergy coefficient value R of 4.78. The extracted complex is determined to be [Sc(SO4)0.5(HL2)2B2] by slope analysis. The loaded Scandium can be stripped within two times by 2 mol/L sulfuric acid with a stripping efficiency of 99.4 %. This synergistic system demonstrates potential application in the separation of Scandium from the leachate of laterite nickel ore.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Shuainan Ni, Yun Gao, Guisu Yu, Sijia Zhang, Zhiyuan Zeng, Xiaoqi Sun
Summary: This study presents a strategy for the efficient separation of yttrium (Y) from heavy rare earth elements (HREEs) using a ternary hydrophobic deep eutectic solvent (HDES) extraction. The HDESs prepared exhibit simple preparation, no purification requirement, low viscosity, low water solubility, and low toxicity. Among the tested HDESs, the DL : oleic acid (OA) : BEA-based HDES with OA as the hydrogen bond donor showed good extraction ability, higher saturation loading capacity, and better phase separation stability for Y from HREEs. The loaded HDES can be easily stripped and remain stable during multiple regeneration cycles, indicating its potential for sustainable rare earth separation.
Article
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
Arsyad Maulana Dzulqornain, Ana Belen Cueva-Sola, Kyeong Woo Chung, Jin-Young Lee, Rajesh Kumar Jyothi
Summary: This study presents a hydrometallurgical process for the separation of light rare earth elements (LREEs) using oxidation, precipitation, solvent extraction, and stripping techniques. Selective oxidation with potassium permanganate was employed for the separation of cerium (III). Solvent extraction with Cyanex 572 and cross-current scrubbing were used to achieve the separation of lanthanum (III) from neodymium (III) and praseodymium (III).
Article
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
Bo Chen, Shenxu Bao, Yimin Zhang
Summary: This study investigated the effects of Al, Fe, P, Si and Na on the precipitation characteristics of vanadium in the ultrasound precipitation system. The concentration upper limits and the negative influence on the precipitation kinetics were determined for each impurity. The findings provide theoretical and technical support for the industrial application of ultrasound precipitation technology.
Article
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
Chunlin He, Mingwei Qi, Yun Liu, Zunzhang Liu, Yuezhou Wei, Toyohisa Fujita, Guifang Wang, Shaojian Ma, Wenchao Yang, Junyuan Gan
Summary: In this study, D201 x 7 resin and tartaric acid were used as materials and complexing agents for the separation of germanium from sulfuric acid solution. The study successfully achieved the separation of germanium and demonstrated the high selectivity and adsorption performance of the resin.
Article
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
Xiaobo Zhu, Yue Liu, Chen Ma, Wang Li
Summary: A selective and highly effective method for the extraction and separation of V(IV) and Fe(III) using N235 and P507 as solvent extractants is proposed. The pH, composition, and concentration of the extractant mixture have significant effects on the extraction efficiency and separation factor. The mixing of P507 and N235 generates the P507 monomer, which enhances the extraction efficiency and weakens the stability of vanadium containing extraction complex. Cation exchange process forms the extraction complexes.
Article
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
B. Behnajady, J. Yousefi Seyf, S. Karimi, M. Moradi, M. Sohrabi
Summary: Deep eutectic solvents (DES) have potential as environmentally-friendly solvents for recovering metals from spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Experimental and molecular dynamics simulation results showed that the chloride ions in DES can form complexes with lithium, manganese, and nickel ions, facilitating their extraction.
Review
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
Sebastian Kinas, Dorota Jermakowicz-Bartkowiak, Anna Dzimitrowicz, Piotr Cyganowski
Summary: The high demand for platinum-group metals (PGMs) and Re in economical and industrial applications related to environmental protection and energy conversion/storage has led to resource scarcity. Thus, it is crucial to recover and recycle these rare metals. This study critically reviews the recent progress in the effective recovery of PGMs and Re from materials relevant to sustainable technologies, emphasizing practical aspects, environmental impact, and issues related to the unit processes of recovery.
Article
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
Guopeng Yang, Qinggang Li, Guiqing Zhang, Mingyu Wang, Zuoying Cao, Wenjuan Guan, Jiawei Du, Shengxi Wu
Summary: The study proposes an efficient, clean, and economical process for recovering V2O5 from titanium-white waste through hydrogen peroxide stripping and precipitation of vanadium products by heating. Experimental results show that the use of D2EHPA as a modifier prolongs the duration of maximum stripping efficiency, enabling continuous operation.
Article
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
Guisu Yu, Shuainan Ni, Yun Gao, Ditang Mo, Zhiyuan Zeng, Xiaoqi Sun
Summary: This research proposes a novel green process for the selective recovery of rare earth elements (RE) from spent NdFeB permanent magnet using hydrophobic deep eutectic solvent (HDES). Through optimization of extraction conditions and stripping method, efficient and clean separation and recovery have been achieved.
Article
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
Jia Li, Xinsheng Wu, Xiaozhou Zhou, Li Zeng, Shengxi Wu, Mingyu Wang, Wenjuan Guan, Zuoying Cao, Qinggang Li, Guiqing Zhang
Summary: This paper presents a complete hydrometallurgical route for the full-component utilization of deep-sea polymetallic nodules (DPN), achieving high recovery efficiency and near-zero waste production with low energy consumption.
Article
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
Sanae Elmisaoui, Abderrazak M. Latifi, Lhachmi Khamar
Summary: A first principles model is developed to describe the dissolution mechanism of phosphate ore particles in a solution of phosphoric acid. The model accounts for non-uniform size of ore particles using particle size distributions and quantifies their influence on the model predictions. A global estimability analysis is carried out to determine the estimable parameters from experimental data, and the predictions show good agreement with the experimental data. The computed activation energy indicates that diffusion is the rate limiting step of the dissolution process.
