Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Rachana Trivedi, Bailey Knopf, Jitendra Kumar Tripathi, Shar Rakoczy, Gunjan D. Manocha, Holly Brown-Borg, Donald A. Jurivich
Summary: Aging leads to changes in the heat shock axis, with old dwarf mice showing preserved and enhanced activating elements compared to old wild-type mice. This suggests that exceptional longevity may be associated with compensatory and enhanced HSF1 regulation in response to age-dependent forces that downregulate the heat shock axis.
Review
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Yujun Liu, Michal M. Masternak, Augusto Schneider, Xu Zhi
Summary: Dwarf mice have unique characteristics such as long lifespan, delayed ovarian aging, altered metabolism, lower oxidative damage, and lower cancer incidence rate. They are commonly used models to study aging and metabolism. In addition to these aspects, the reproductive features of female dwarf mice have also attracted interest. This review summarizes the research progress on dwarf mice as models in the field of reproductive aging, highlighting their larger ovarian reserve and delayed ovarian aging compared to normal mice, as well as distinctive gene expression patterns.
REPRODUCTIVE BIOMEDICINE ONLINE
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Fang Zhang, Mert Icyuz, Andrzej Bartke, Liou Y. Sun
Summary: The study showed that GH intervention during early life significantly altered histone H3 markers in Ames dwarf mice, resulting in tissue-specific changes in H3 lysine methylation and acetylation. These findings indicate an important epigenetic mechanism by which hormonal signals during early life can influence aging and longevity in mammals.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Joseph A. M. J. L. Janssen
Summary: Hyperinsulinemia may be a significant factor in causing obesity, metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disease, cancer, and premature mortality. Strategies for managing hyperinsulinemia include reducing insulin secretion, increasing hepatic insulin clearance, and maximizing insulin sensitivity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sarah Noureddine, Jia Nie, Augusto Schneider, Vinal Menon, Zoubeida Fliesen, Joseph Dhahbi, Berta Victoria, Jeremiah Oyer, Liza Robles-Carrillo, Allancer Divino De Carvalho Nunes, Sarah Ashiqueali, Artur Janusz, Alicja Copik, Paul D. Robbins, Nicolas Musi, Michal M. Masternak
Summary: Cellular senescence, implicated in various age-related disorders, can be attenuated by investigating methods to reduce the accumulation of senescent cells. miR-449a is down-regulated with age in normal mice but maintained in long-living GH-deficient df/df mice, showing potential as a serotherapeutic. GH downregulates miR-449a expression and accelerates senescence, while miR-449a upregulation reduces senescence through targeted reduction of senescence-associated genes and signaling pathways.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Timothy A. Donlon, Randi Chen, Kamal H. Masaki, D. Craig Willcox, Richard C. Allsopp, Bradley J. Willcox, Brian J. Morris
Summary: This study found that longevity-associated genotypes may reduce mortality risk in individuals with hypertension, but there was no genotypic difference in lifespan for those with diabetes, CHD, and cancer. Individuals with hypertension who possess the longevity-associated genetic variant of GHR may enhance cell resilience mechanisms to protect against cellular stress caused by hypertension, living as long as normotensive individuals.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Valerie Anne Galton, Maria Elena Martinez, Julie A. Dragon, Donald L. St Germain, Arturo Hernandez
Summary: T4 exhibits intrinsic activity in vivo that is critical for survival and growth, regulating gene expression during neurodevelopment. Both T4 and T3 have a complex dependency in regulating gene expression in the liver of mice, with synergistic effects on cell proliferation and cholesterol physiology when used together.
Article
Biology
Judith Korb, Karen Meusemann, Denise Aumer, Abel Bernadou, Daniel Elsner, Barbara Feldmeyer, Susanne Foitzik, Juergen Heinze, Romain Libbrecht, Silu Lin, Megha Majoe, Jose Manuel Monroy Kuhn, Volker Nehring, Matteo A. Negroni, Robert J. Paxton, Alice C. Seguret, Marah Stoldt, Thomas Flatt
Summary: By comparing gene expression patterns between young and old castes in different lineages of social insects, the study reveals the important role of the insulin/insulin-like growth factor 1 signalling (IIS)/target of rapamycin (TOR)/juvenile hormone (JH) network in ageing and caste-specific physiology of social insects.
PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Physiology
Corinne Hutfilz
Summary: Diapause is a physiological adaptation that allows animals to survive and conserve energy in unfavorable conditions. This adaptation is regulated by endocrine signaling, particularly in insect diapause. Recent research suggests a possible overlap between diapause endocrinology and the biology of aging, providing insights into lifespan determination.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xinna Li, Madaline McPherson, Mary Hager, Yimin Fang, Andrzej Bartke, Richard A. Miller
Summary: Transient early-life growth hormone (GH) treatment can permanently alter relevant changes in adipocytes, liver, muscle, and brain in Ames dwarf mice, and restore protein levels to those seen in littermate control animals.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Christa C. van Bunderen, Rick I. Meijer, Paul Lips, Mark H. Kramer, Erik H. Serne, Madeleine L. Drent
Summary: The study found that increasing IGF-1 levels had a beneficial effect on body composition but was detrimental to insulin resistance. At the same time, the contribution of the neurogenic vasomotion domain also increased.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Joseph M. Dhahbi, Joe W. Chen, Supriya Bhupathy, Hani Atamna, Marcelo B. Cavalcante, Tatiana D. Saccon, Allancer D. C. Nunes, Jeffrey B. Mason, Augusto Schneider, Michal M. Masternak
Summary: This study identified unique responses in ovarian tissues regarding aging and dwarfism, with specific tRF-piRNAs potentially targeting and decreasing the expression of BCAR3 gene, and certain piLRNAs potentially de-repressing transposable elements to have a beneficial impact on ovarian aging in df/df mice. The findings highlight the complexity of aging effects on gene expression and suggest that piRNAs, piLRNAs, tRF-piRNAs, and their targets could play crucial roles in maintaining a younger ovarian phenotype in df/df mice, in addition to miRNAs.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Mai C. Arlien-Soborg, Jakob Dal, Michael Alle Madsen, Morten Lyng Hogild, Astrid Johannesson Hjelholt, Steen B. Pedersen, Niels Moller, Niels Jessen, Jens O. L. Jorgensen
Summary: This study investigates the molecular mechanisms of insulin resistance dissociated from obesity in patients with acromegaly. The results suggest that uncontrolled lipolysis is a major feature of insulin resistance in active acromegaly, characterized by upregulation of PTEN and suppression of insulin signaling in both muscle and fat.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Nicholas A. Tritos, Beverly M. K. Biller
Summary: GH deficiency in adults is associated with various health issues, and diagnosis requires stimulation testing, evaluation of other pituitary hormone deficits, serum IGF-I levels, and multiple additional pituitary hormone deficiencies.
REVIEWS IN ENDOCRINE & METABOLIC DISORDERS
(2021)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Laura Page, Noelle Younge, Michael Freemark
Summary: This article reviews the factors affecting linear growth and weight gain in human fetuses and newborn infants, focusing on the changes in hormones and growth factors during pregnancy and the early postnatal period. It discusses the impact of these factors on placental nutrient delivery, the effects of preterm delivery on hormone expression and postnatal growth, and the influence of maternal disorders and nutritional and pharmacologic interventions on fetal growth. Important unresolved questions in the field are also examined.
Article
Cell Biology
Pragyanshu Khare, Aakriti Chauhan, Vibhu Kumar, Jasleen Kaur, Neha Mahajan, Vijay Kumar, Adam Gesing, Kanwaljit Chopra, Kanthi Kiran Kondepudi, Mahendra Bishnoi
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Denise S. Wiesenborn, Eric J. C. Galvez, Lina Spinel, Berta Victoria, Brittany Allen, Augusto Schneider, Adam Gesing, Khalid A. Al-Regaiey, Till Strowig, Karl-Herbert Schaefer, Michal M. Masternak
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2020)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Andrzej Bartke
Summary: Growth hormone plays a crucial role in growth, metabolism, and body composition, with a lack of GH leading to slower growth, delayed maturation, and reduced body size. The mechanistic links between GH and aging involve evolutionarily conserved signaling pathways that balance anabolic/growth processes and longevity.
REVIEWS IN ENDOCRINE & METABOLIC DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Tatiana Dandolini Saccon, Ravinder Nagpal, Hariom Yadav, Marcelo Borges Cavalcante, Allancer Divino de Carvalho Nunes, Augusto Schneider, Adam Gesing, Brian Hughes, Matthew Yousefzadeh, Tamar Tchkonia, James L. Kirkland, Laura J. Niedernhofer, Paul D. Robbins, Michal M. Masternak
Summary: The study found that the senolytic drug combination Dasatinib plus Quercetin (D+Q) significantly reduces senescent cell and inflammatory burden in the intestines of aged mice, while also altering specific microbiota signatures. The most prominent changes were observed in the small intestine. This suggests that optimized senolytic regimens may improve health in older subjects by reducing intestinal senescence, inflammation, and microbial dysbiosis.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Monica B. Frungieri, Ricardo S. Calandra, Andrzej Bartke, Maria E. Matzkin
Summary: As individuals age, changes in the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis lead to a decline in gonadal function, impacting fertility and quality of life. This decline exacerbates a mutual crosstalk among oxidative stress, apoptosis, and the inflammatory response in the gonads, adversely affecting fertility. Novel therapeutic interventions using antioxidant, anti-apoptotic, and anti-inflammatory drugs have potential clinical implications on health span and life span.
MECHANISMS OF AGEING AND DEVELOPMENT
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Augusto Schneider, Berta Victoria, Maria Isabel Schiavon Cousen, Yimin Fang, Samuel McFadden, Justin Darcy, Adam Gesing, Erin R. Hascup, Kevin N. Hascup, Andrzej Bartke, Michal M. Masternak
Summary: The expression profile of different adipose tissue depots in GHRKO mice is affected by environmental temperature, with brown adipose tissue (BAT) being the most responsive. BAT Ucp1 and Ucp3 expression decreases under thermoneutral conditions in both normal (N) and GHRKO mice. In contrast, subcutaneous white adipose tissue (sWAT) shows the most divergent response to thermoneutrality in GHRKO mice compared to N mice.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Yun Zhu, Yimin Fang, David Medina, Andrzej Bartke, Rong Yuan
Summary: Research suggests that early metformin treatment can have effects on development and metabolism in mice, including delayed sexual maturation in females, increased body weight and food consumption, increased tail length and IGF1 levels. Metformin alters insulin and insulin sensitivity in a sex-specific manner in mice.
MECHANISMS OF AGEING AND DEVELOPMENT
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Maria Eugenia Matzkin, Ricardo Saul Calandra, Soledad Paola Rossi, Andrzej Bartke, Monica Beatriz Frungieri
Summary: The male reproductive system undergoes aging primarily affecting the testes, resulting in decreased sexual hormone levels, altered sperm quality, and reduced fertility. Inflammation, oxidation, and apoptosis are predictors of aging-related diseases, with pro-inflammatory molecules and reactive oxygen species identified as contributing factors for testicular aging. The impact of age-related testicular changes on fertility, reproductive health, and lifespan remains incompletely understood, motivating research into anti-aging interventions and therapies utilizing pharmaceuticals or natural alternatives with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-apoptotic properties.
Editorial Material
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Joanna H. Sliwowska, Emilyn U. Alejandro, Adam Gesing
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Sarah Noureddine, Tatiana Saccon, Trina Rudeski-Rohr, Adam Gesing, Jeffrey B. Mason, Augusto Schneider, Joseph Dhabhi, Kendra L. Puig, Sharlene Rakoczy, Holly M. Brown-Borg, Michal M. Masternak
Summary: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia, and miRNAs may play important roles in its treatment and diagnosis by regulating mRNA and acting as therapeutic targets. The study results suggest that the df/df mutation can provide protection from AD, and changes in miRNA expression may contribute to disease pathogenesis.
Review
Andrology
Andrzej Bartke, Erin Hascup, Kevin Hascup
Summary: There is growing recognition that sex differences extend beyond reproductive organs and traits related to reproduction, and that sex is a significant biological variable in most characteristics of living organisms. This article focuses on sex differences in responses to anti-aging interventions, which have been shown to vary substantially between females and males. While calorie restriction and certain genetic alterations can extend longevity in both sexes, specific metabolic changes and health benefits differ between women and men. It is clear that understanding the unique mechanisms of aging in females and males is crucial for developing effective and tailored anti-aging interventions.
WORLD JOURNAL OF MENS HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Andrzej Bartke
Summary: Research on the biology of aging has shifted focus from studying the effects of aging to searching for mechanisms and interventions that can extend healthspan. The field emphasizes multiple physiological changes, nutrient-dependent signaling pathways, and the impact of age as a risk factor for chronic disease. Major advancements in technology and analysis have provided optimism for the development of safe and widely applicable anti-aging interventions in the near future.
STEM CELL REVIEWS AND REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Pragyanshu Khare, Neha Mahajan, Dhirendra Pratap Singh, Vibhu Kumar, Vijay Kumar, Priyanka Mangal, Ravneet K. Boparai, Adam Gesing, Sanjay K. Bhadada, Shyam S. Sharma, Kanthikiran Kondepudi, Kanwaljit Chopra, Mahendra Bishnoi
Summary: This study suggests that dietary TRPA1 agonist ARGJ can prevent metabolic complications induced by HFD. HFD leads to reduced gut TRPA1 expression and dysregulation of post-prandial gut hormone levels, resulting in hunger phenotype, altered glucose homeostasis, hepatic inflammation, and fat accumulation. TRPA1 agonism through ARGJ supplementation can prevent HFD-induced metabolic complications.
Review
Andrology
Andrzej Bartke, Erin Hascup, Kevin Hascup, Michal M. Masternak
Summary: The complex relationships between growth hormone signaling and mammalian aging are attracting attention, with recent studies showing different impacts of GH on genome maintenance and DNA methylation. GH affects white and brown adipose tissue, influencing lipolysis, fibrosis, and thermogenesis, showing mechanistic links to healthspan and lifespan. Studies on GH deficiency in human subjects and mice provide insights into the mechanisms by which GH influences aging and longevity.
WORLD JOURNAL OF MENS HEALTH
(2021)
Review
Andrology
Andrzej Bartke, Savannah Brannan, Erin Hascup, Kevin Hascup, Justin Darcy
Summary: Aging is strongly related to energy metabolism, with evidence showing that restricting energy intake and reducing metabolic rate can slow aging and extend longevity. However, increased energy expenditure has also been associated with improved health and longer life. Recent findings on increasing energy expenditure for thermogenesis have shown potential benefits for preventing obesity, improving metabolic health, and extending lifespan.
WORLD JOURNAL OF MENS HEALTH
(2021)