Journal
GLIA
Volume 66, Issue 1, Pages 5-14Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/glia.23206
Keywords
cytoskeleton; myelination; oligodendrocyte-extracellular matrix feedback loops; oligodendrocyte mechanics
Categories
Funding
- Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia (FCT) [SFRH/BPD/90268/2012]
- European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (EU) [600375]
- European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) [Norte-01-0145-FEDER-000008, Norte-01-0145-FEDER-000019]
- National Institute of Health/National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NIH/NINDS) [R01NS062796, R01NS097428, R01NS095889]
- United States National Multiple Sclerosis Society (US NMSS) [RG5203A4]
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS AND STROKE [R01NS062796, R01NS095889, R01NS097428] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
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In the central nervous system, oligodendrocyte precursor cells are exclusive in their potential to differentiate into myelinating oligodendrocytes. Oligodendrocyte precursor cells migrate within the parenchyma and extend cell membrane protrusions that ultimately evolve into myelinating sheaths able to wrap neuronal axons and significantly increase their electrical conductivity. The subcellular force generating mechanisms driving morphological and functional transformations during oligodendrocyte differentiation and myelination remain elusive. In this review, we highlight the mechanical processes governing oligodendrocyte plasticity in a dynamic interaction with the extracellular matrix.
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