Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Tana Bao, Guilin Xi, Baole Deng, I-Shin Chang, Jing Wu, Erdemtu Jin
Summary: This study analyzed the spatiotemporal clustering characteristics of dust events in China and Mongolia and explored the possible correlation between long-term variations in surface vegetation and dust events. The results showed that the variability in China is lower than that in Mongolia, and the peak seasons of floating dust (FD) are longer in China while the opposite is observed for dust outbreak (DO). The gravity centers of dust events have been transferring in both countries, and higher vegetation coverage is positively correlated with suppressed dust activity.
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Tian Yu, Pan Xiaole, Jing Yujie, Zhang Yuting, Yao Weijie, Liu Hang, Lei Shandong, Wang Zifa
Summary: In spring 2021, there were several strong dust storms in East Asia, including the transport of dust from Mongolia Gobi and Inner Mongolia. Through analysis using forecast systems and satellite sensors, the mechanisms of transport and the impact on China were examined. The study found that North China was the most affected area, with high levels of dust optical depth and depolarization ratio. Additionally, it was observed that dust storms dominated within 6 km, while anthropogenic aerosols had a significant presence in South China.
ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Geography, Physical
Youbin Sun, Ting Wang, Qiuzhen Yin, Anqi Lyu, Michel Crucifix, Yanjun Cai, Li Ai, Steven Clemens, Zhisheng An
Summary: This study investigates the orbital-scale monsoon variability and dynamics in East Asia by comparing multiple proxies and modeling results. The findings reveal the diverse responses of proxy indicators to seasonal and annual changes in precipitation and temperature, contributing to the expression of Quaternary climate periodicities.
QUATERNARY SCIENCE REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Kumi Nakamae, Tetsuya Takemi
Summary: This study statistically analyzed the relationship between convective mixed layers and dust weather in arid and semi-arid regions of East Asia. It was found that floating dust is most frequent in the Taklamakan Desert, while blowing dust and dust storms are more common in the Gobi Desert. The study suggests that deep mixed layers play a more important role in the Gobi Desert than in the Taklamakan Desert.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLIMATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Hui Tang, Ove Westermoen Haugvaldstad, Frode Stordal, Jianrong Bi, Christine D. Groot Zwaaftink, Henrik Grythe, Bin Wang, Zhimin Rao, Zhongshi Zhang, Terje Berntsen, Anu Kaakinen
Summary: The 2021 East Asia sandstorm originated from the Eastern Gobi desert steppe in Mongolia and affected northern China and the Korean Peninsula. It was the largest sandstorm in China in a decade, causing severe air pollution and posing a significant health risk. The study focuses on evaluating the performance of a modelling system in capturing and predicting such extreme events.
FRONTIERS IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
P. Du, Z. Huang, S. Tang, Q. Dong, J. Bi, X. Yu, Q. Gu
Summary: This study investigated the long-term variation of favorable conditions for dust devil occurrence in East Asia over the past 63 years. The results showed an overall downward trend in dust devil occurrence, with strong ones dropping significantly at the fastest rate. PDDP frequency increased in the Gobi Desert but decreased in the Taklimakan Desert. The monthly variation of PDDP showed a tendency for the peak to move from June to July. PDDP mainly occurred between 10:00 and 16:00 local time, with over 60% happening between 12:00 and 14:00.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
P. Du, Z. Huang, S. Tang, Q. Dong, J. Bi, X. Yu, Q. Gu
Summary: Over the past 63 years, the frequency of dust devil occurrence in East Asia has shown an overall decline, with strong dust devils decreasing significantly and weak ones decreasing insignificantly. The frequency of dust devils has increased in the Gobi Desert but decreased in the Taklimakan Desert. Dust devils mainly occur between 10:00 and 16:00 local time, with over 60% happening between 12:00 and 14:00. There is a negative correlation between precipitation and dust devil occurrence.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Chun Ngai Chan, Matthew J. Bogard, Fong Ching Ma, Yu Ching Ip, Boyi Liu, Shuai Chen, Lishan Ran
Summary: This study focuses on carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from a small reservoir in subtropical Hong Kong and reveals the importance of metabolic, hydrological, and hydrochemical processes in regulating its CO2 dynamics. The reservoir acts as a source of CO2 to the atmosphere, but can also function as a sink under intense solar radiation and high primary productivity. The lower CO2 flux in the Hong Kong reservoir compared to global (sub)tropical reservoirs may be attributed to its prolonged history and occasional undersaturation of CO2 in the water column. Differences in the controls of CO2 dynamics between the reservoir and its upstream and downstream reaches highlight the need to consider the distinct characteristics of lentic and lotic waters when evaluating catchment-scale CO2 fluxes.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jacob Z. Tindan, Qinjian Jin, Bing Pu
Summary: This study investigates the day-night differences in dust aerosols over the dust belt of North Africa, the Middle East, and Asia using high-spectral-resolution daytime and nighttime products of IASI. The results show high consistency between IASI DOD and solar/lunar observations of CAOD from AERONET sites across the dust belt. Daytime DOD is higher in certain regions, while nighttime DOD is higher in others, indicating possible differences in dust emissions and convective transport.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Myung-Il Jung, Seok-Woo Son, Hyemi Kim, Deliang Chen
Summary: Understanding air pollution in East Asia is crucial due to its high population density and severe winter pollution. This study reveals that the day-to-day variability of air pollution in East Asia during winter is influenced by the Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO), a dominant subseasonal variability in the tropics. The concentration of PM10 significantly increases during suppressed tropical convections over the Indian Ocean (MJO phase 5-6) and decreases during enhanced convections (MJO phase 1-2).
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Minghui Tao, Liangfu Chen, Jun Wang, Lili Wang, Wencai Wang, Changqing Lin, Lu Gui, Lunche Wang, Chao Yu, Yi Wang
Summary: Mineral dust from East Asia deserts and arid areas significantly impact regional climate and air quality, with unnoticed yet frequent dust plumes being the main source of dust particles. Dust storms are mostly observed in spring, with lower frequency of dust activities in the Gobi deserts. Strong temperature inversion during winter and early spring can delay mixing of dust pollution, while uncertainties exist in MERRA2 reanalysis in reproducing spatial locations of dust hotspots.
ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Weiqi Tang, Tie Dai, Yueming Cheng, Su Wang, Yuzhi Liu
Summary: In this study, the most severe East Asian dust storm in the past decade is investigated using a weather research and forecasting model and various measurements. The dust emissions from the Gobi Desert, especially over Mongolia, are found to be the dominant sources of this intense dust event. The coarse mode particles have a larger impact on the North China Plain, while the fine particles mostly affect the desert source and nearby regions.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Guoyu Ren, Johnny C. L. Chan, Hisayuki Kubota, Zhongshi Zhang, Jinbao Li, Yongxiang Zhang, Yingxian Zhang, Yuda Yang, Yuyu Ren, Xiubao Sun, Yun Su, Yuhui Liu, Zhixin Hao, Xiaoying Xue, Yun Qin
Summary: The commentary provides a comprehensive overview of historical and recent changes in extreme climate events in East Asia, highlighting the need for further research to improve reconstruction methods and analyze uncertainties in early instrumental records.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jun Liu, Dongyou Wu, Tianshuang Wang, Mingxia Ji, Xin Wang
Summary: This study investigates the temporal variability of the most probable dust height (MPDH) over dust source regions in East Asia from 2007 to 2018, and finds that dust aerosols are mainly concentrated below 7 km. High Indian Ocean sea surface temperature (SST) significantly contributes to the transport of dust aerosols to downstream areas. MPDH shows negative correlation with 500-hPa westerly wind and precipitation, and positive correlation with SAT and NDVI, while being influenced by AO, AMO, and ENSO.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yu Yang, Zilin Wang, Sijia Lou, Lian Xue, Jinpeng Lu, Hongyue Wang, Jiandong Wang, Aijun Ding, Xin Huang
Summary: China, as one of the largest dust source regions, often experiences dust storms in the spring. A study observed that during a super dust storm in March 2021, there was a rapid increase in nocturnal surface ozone concentration along with elevated dust loading. The research integrated ground-based and satellite observations, as well as reanalysis data, to shed light on the ozone anomaly. It was discovered that cold fronts and cyclones contribute to both dust emissions and the downward transport of stratospheric air, resulting in simultaneous increases in ozone and particles near the surface. Statistical analysis of the past few years revealed that dust is frequently uplifted to 8-12 km and low-tropospheric ozone is elevated by approximately 6 ppb in northern China during dust storms in the spring. This study highlights the strong impact of ozone intrusions associated with dust storms on atmospheric chemistry and regional climate.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Matthieu E. Galvez, Samuel L. Jaccard
Summary: The study presents an analytical method to quantify the absolute redox capacity of geological materials through high-temperature titration. Results show that geological materials have a wide range of redox capacities, reflecting a fundamental characteristic of the Earth.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Yiming Luo, Joerg Lippold, Susan E. Allen, Jerry Tjiputra, Samuel L. Jaccard, Roger Francois
Summary: This study examines the impact of the Pacific Meridional Overturning Circulation (PMOC) on the distribution of Pa-231 and Th-230 in the Pacific Ocean sediments, and explores the potential use of these ratios as constraints on past deep Pacific circulation changes. The results demonstrate the distinctive influence of PMOC on the distribution of Pa-231/Th-230 in sediments, indicating the potential for using these ratios to provide information on past variability in PMOC.
EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
R. Shuttleworth, H. C. Bostock, T. B. Chalk, E. Calvo, S. L. Jaccard, C. Pelejero, A. Martinez-Garcia, G. L. Foster
Summary: Research indicates that there were two transient intervals of pronounced atmospheric CO2 rise during the last deglaciation, possibly due to deep ocean carbon release from the Southern Ocean and a decline in global efficiency of the biological carbon pump. The Sub-Antarctic region experienced upwelling of carbon-rich water during Heinrich Stadial 1, contributing to the initial increase in atmospheric CO2, but there was no significant outgassing of deep ocean carbon from this region during other periods.
EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jordan T. Abell, Gisela Winckler, Robert F. Anderson, Timothy D. Herbert
Summary: The prevailing mid-latitude westerly winds, known as the westerlies, are migrating polewards in response to anthropogenic forcing. Reconstructing the westerlies during past warm periods can help understand changes in the position and strength of these wind systems as the climate continues to warm.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Paulina Pinedo-Gonzalez, Robert F. Anderson, Sebastian M. Vivancos, Frank J. Pavia, Martin Q. Fleisher
Summary: The article introduces a new method for determining the concentrations of Th-232, Th-230, and Pa-231 in seawater, with high extraction efficiency and low procedural blank values, suitable for low-concentration seawater samples. The data obtained have high precision, allowing for reliable measurement of Th and Pa in the oceans.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Christopher T. Hayes, Kassandra M. Costa, Robert F. Anderson, Eva Calvo, Zanna Chase, Ludmila L. Demina, Jean-Claude Dutay, Christopher R. German, Lars-Eric Heimburger-Boavida, Samuel L. Jaccard, Allison Jacobel, Karen E. Kohfeld, Marina D. Kravchishina, Jorg Lippold, Figen Mekik, Lise Missiaen, Frank J. Pavia, Adina Paytan, Rut Pedrosa-Pamies, Mariia Petrova, Shaily Rahman, Laura F. Robinson, Matthieu Roy-Barman, Anna Sanchez-Vidal, Alan Shiller, Alessandro Tagliabue, Allyson C. Tessin, Marco van Hulten, Jing Zhang
Summary: The study used Th-230-normalized fluxes to create maps of deep-sea burial fluxes of components like calcium carbonate and biogenic opal, providing new quantitative estimates for deep-sea budgets. The sediment flux compilation offers detailed regional and global information to refine the understanding of sediment preservation.
GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Frank J. Pavia, Shouyi Wang, Jennifer Middleton, Richard W. Murray, Robert F. Anderson
Summary: The text discusses the deep ocean as a reservoir for storing carbon dioxide removed from the atmosphere during Pleistocene glacial periods, as well as the enhanced efficiency of the biological pump in the deep ocean during glacial periods.
PALEOCEANOGRAPHY AND PALEOCLIMATOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Shaily Rahman, Alan M. Shiller, Robert F. Anderson, Matthew A. Charette, Christopher T. Hayes, Melissa Gilbert, Karen R. Grissom, Phoebe J. Lam, Daniel C. Ohnemus, Frank J. Pavia, Benjamin S. Twining, Sebastian M. Vivancos
Summary: Processes controlling dissolved barium concentrations were investigated along two transects in the North Atlantic and Eastern Tropical Pacific. Conservative mixing and nonconservative processes were found to contribute to the variability of dissolved barium. Particulate excess barium formation and dissolution rates showed subsurface maxima, and the burial efficiency of particulate excess barium did not seem to depend on barite saturation indices. Revising river and shelf barium inputs may help balance the marine barium isotope budget.
GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES
(2022)
Article
Geography, Physical
Margaux Brandon, Stephanie Duchamp-Alphonse, Elisabeth Michel, Amaelle Landais, Gulay Isguder, Patricia Richard, Nicolas Pige, Franck Bassinot, Samuel L. Jaccard, Annachiara Bartolini
Summary: Southern Ocean dynamics play a crucial role in modulating the increase in atmospheric CO2 concentrations during deglaciations. This study focuses on the impact of the Biological Carbon Pump, specifically the Carbonate Counter Pump, in contributing to the increase in CO2 concentrations in oceanic surface waters and the atmosphere. The findings highlight the importance of deep-water ventilation in the Southern Ocean and the role of enhanced upwelling dynamics in the release of sequestered CO2 and the subsequent increase in atmospheric pCO2.
QUATERNARY SCIENCE REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
David J. Janssen, Delphine Gilliard, Joerg Rickli, Philipp Nasemann, Andrea Koschinsky, Christel S. Hassler, Andrew R. Bowie, Michael J. Ellwood, Charlotte Kleint, Samuel L. Jaccard
Summary: Research has focused on the cycling of chromium in the ocean, specifically the influence of deep waters and sediment on the distribution of chromium. The study also examines the potential impact of hydrothermal vents on chromium cycling. The findings suggest that changes in other factors, such as widespread anoxia, may contribute to variations in chromium isotope composition in the paleorecord.
GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jingyu Liu, Yipeng Wang, Samuel L. Jaccard, Nan Wang, Xun Gong, Nianqiao Fang, Rui Bao
Summary: The poorly ventilated conditions in the North Atlantic were linked to enhanced pre-aged organic carbon input. The old organic carbon came mainly from terrigenous sources and was exported to the North Atlantic by ice-rafting. Ocean ventilation plays a crucial role in regulating carbon sequestration and release, which has significant implications for climate evolution.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
J. Yu, R. F. Anderson, Z. D. Jin, X. Ji, D. J. R. Thornalley, L. Wu, N. Thouveny, Y. Cai, L. Tan, F. Zhang, L. Menviel, J. Tian, X. Xie, E. J. Rohling, J. F. McManus
Summary: Ice core measurements show diverse atmospheric CO2 variations during North Atlantic cold periods. This study reveals the impact of multiple ocean ventilation modes on deep-sea carbon storage and atmospheric CO2 changes, providing a comprehensive understanding of carbon cycle adjustments to climate change.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Helen Eri Amsler, Lena Mareike Thoele, Ingrid Stimac, Walter Geibert, Minoru Ikehara, Gerhard Kuhn, Oliver Esper, Samuel Laurent Jaccard
Summary: This article presents downcore records of redox-sensitive authigenic uranium (U) and manganese (Mn) concentrations in marine sediment cores from the Subantarctic and Antarctic zones in the southwestern Indian Ocean. These records suggest changes in bottom water oxygenation during different climate periods, with higher oxygenation during warm periods. The study also highlights the potential role of siliceous phytoplankton export in influencing oxygen levels at the water-sediment interface.
CLIMATE OF THE PAST
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Frerk Poppelmeier, David J. Janssen, Samuel L. Jaccard, Thomas F. Stocker
Summary: This study focused on the distribution and cycling mechanisms of chromium in the ocean, introducing two oxidation states for a more detailed understanding. The model established was able to simulate observations well, identifying potentially lower benthic chromium flux in the Arctic region. Further research is needed to better understand these critical areas for chromium cycling.
