Article
Chemistry, Physical
Fan Yang, Qingbo Yu, Wenjun Duan, Zhenfei Qi, Qin Qin
Summary: Electrochemical catalytic gasification (ECG) is a new approach for achieving high efficiency coal gasification at low reaction temperatures. Compared to common coal gasification (CCG), ECG yields higher carbon conversion, CO production and combustible components, which increase with power. In the ECG process, thermal electrons play a significant role.
CATALYSIS COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Song Qianshi, Wang Xiaohan, Li Haowen, Yang Zixin, Ye Yue, Huo Jiepeng
Summary: The study found that the self-developed char reactivity model accurately predicted the reaction rate of char samples under different gasification temperatures, providing a valuable reference for predicting char gasification reaction rate.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Lin Li, Shuai Tong, Lunbo Duan, Changsui Zhao, Zhipeng Shi
Summary: By comparing chars produced under different atmospheres, it was found that the pore structure and specific surface area of chars are significantly affected by the gasification environment, while the presence of chemical groups has a minor impact on the chars. The best gasification reactivities were obtained on the chars produced under 50%CO2/50%N2 and 50%H2O/50%N2 atmospheres, largely influenced by the porosity of the chars.
FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Zhengyan Bao, Zhimin Lu, Jinzheng Chen, Jianfeng Cai, Shengyuan Guo, Shunchun Yao
Summary: By studying the pyrolysis products of 14 types of organic model compounds at different temperatures and heating rates, the carbon structure and oxidation reactivity were determined using Raman spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) methods. The results showed that variations in pyrolysis temperature and heating rate led to changes in the graphitization degree of char. A good correlation was found between the Raman spectral parameter A(GR+VL+VR)/AD and the char combustion characteristic temperature Tb.
FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Rafal Morga, Barbara Bielowicz
Summary: This study characterizes and compares the microstructural features of different morphotypes in coal char obtained through gasification, revealing similarities and differences in their microstructural properties. Optical microscopy and Raman spectroscopy were used for analysis.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Meng Ma, Jiaofei Wang, Yonghui Bai, Peng Lv, Xudong Song, Weiguang Su, Lu Ding, Juntao Wei, Guangsuo Yu
Summary: Volatile-char interactions affect the chemical structure and reactivity of coal char, with O-containing functional groups playing an important role in char reactivity. The decrease in gasification reactivity due to volatile-char interactions is attributed to the decrease in aromatic C-O and C=O, and the increase in graphite carbon structures.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Qian Chen, Zhuoran Liu, Yi Luo, Chong Xiang, Haojie Zhen, Xingjun Wang, Guangsuo Yu, Xueli Chen, Haifeng Liu, Fuchen Wang
Summary: Gasification in molten salt provides a promising way for direct carbon fuel cells. This study examined the interactions between char particles, coal, coal ash, and molten salt during gasification in molten salt using visualization and surface analysis approaches. It was found that the presence of molten salt accelerated the gasification reaction and conversion of char particles, while the entry and diffusion of molten salt had a dissolving and pore-expanding effect on the char particles. Raman analysis showed that dissolved (broken) char particles were more reactive than undissolved (unbroken) char particles.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Wei Li, Deepak Pudasainee, Rajender Gupta, Wu Yang, Ben Wang, Lushi Sun
Summary: The research found that controlling the gasification temperature of petroleum coke above 1200 degrees Celsius is beneficial for improving gasification reactivity. Petroleum coke with high ash content promotes the decomposition of functional groups to generate active radicals, thereby increasing active sites.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Shuai Yan, Xuan Qu, Zihong Xia, Caixia Chen, Jicheng Bi
Summary: The study found that the carbon structure and sulfur content in coal are key factors affecting hydrogasification reactivity. Experimental results showed that the mechanically mixed CaO/CaCO3 enhanced the activity of Co towards graphite carbon and captured sulfur adsorbed on Co surface.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Cui Quan, Jin Zhang, Zimou Tang, Aneta Magdziarz, Chunfei Wu, Ningbo Gao
Summary: This study investigates the influence of alkali and alkaline earth metals (AAEMs) in the gasification behavior of char derived from solid digestate. It was found that char acid washing reduced the amount of AAEMs, leading to an increase in the activation energy and decrease in reactivity of the gasification reaction, resulting in a longer gasification reaction time for the acid-washed char compared to the original char.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Xuejun Qi, Shuang Lin
Summary: The addition of iron catalyst has been found to increase the number of surface active sites in low-rank coal char, thereby enhancing its gasification reactivity.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Shuai Yan, Xuan Qu, Zihong Xia, Caixia Chen, Jicheng Bi
Summary: The experimental results demonstrate that calcium as an additive has a promoting effect on cobalt, and temperature and hydrogen pressure have significant impacts on the formation of products in the catalytic hydrogasification process. A two-stage reactor scheme was proposed, successfully achieving staged hydrogenation of coal.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yan Zhao, Shuai Guo, Chunyan Shao, Xiye Chen, Lei Chen, Gang Chen, Shaozeng Sun, Penghua Qiu, Chang Xing
Summary: This study investigates the influence of intrinsic alkali and alkaline earth metals (AAEMs) and organic matter chemical structure on char reactivity, providing evidence for the controversial role of water-soluble AAEMs during char gasification. Results show that water-soluble AAEMs decrease char reactivity in the early gasification stage due to catalytic cracking of aromatic C-H bonds, while increasing it later due to original catalysis; ion-exchangeable AAEMs catalyze the opening of aromatic rings in char, particularly small rings, weakening the reaction priority of aliphatic structures. Increasing pyrolysis temperature results in ordered chemical structure and enrichment of ion-exchangeable AAEMs, affecting char reactivity differently at different temperature ranges.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Qiang Hu, Wei Cheng, Qiaoting Mao, Junhao Hu, Haiping Yang, Hanping Chen
Summary: This study characterized the physicochemical properties of chars produced from biomass pellet pyrolysis under different heating rates. The results showed that the heating rate had significant effects on the char yield, physical properties, chemical structure, and gasification reactivity, with some irregular patterns observed in certain properties.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Agnieszka Korus, Giulia Ravenni, Krzysztof Loska, Irena Korus, Abby Samson, Andrzej Szlek
Summary: Gasification char is an effective catalyst for tar reforming due to its abundance of surface active sites for heterogeneous conversion of hydrocarbons and interactions with reforming agents. The reactivity of char during gasification in CO2 is mainly influenced by metal content, while the conversion of toluene is strongly correlated with the surface area available for reactions.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Dingyi Qin, Qianyun Chen, Jing Li, Zhaohui Liu
Summary: In this study, a visual pressurized flat-flame reaction system was used to investigate the ignition and combustion characteristics of coal particles of different sizes. The results showed that pressure greatly affected the ignition delay time and pyrolysis process of coal.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Sili Zhou, Bin Chen, Wendong Wei, Zhaohui Liu, Song Song, Kuishuang Feng, Jiashuo Li
Summary: The restructuring of China's power sector has had significant impacts on employment, with direct employment increasing while jobs in upstream sectors have been lost. The share of employment driven by solar and wind power has significantly increased. In the future, the power sector is expected to rely more on renewable energy and provide millions of job opportunities.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Qianyun Chen, Dingyi Qin, Jing Li, Zhaohui Liu
Summary: A particle-tracking image pyrometer system was proposed to investigate the ignition characteristics of pulverized coal particles, providing reliable simultaneous measurements of velocity, diameter, and temperature of individual burning particles. Experimental validation was conducted under specific conditions to accurately measure the combustion state and time parameters of the particles.
FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Chenghao Luo, Long Huang, Yikun Chen, Zean Wang, Hao Ren, Hao Liu, Zhaohui Liu
Summary: Heat-not-burn tobacco with an external heating source is a cleaner alternative to conventional cigarettes. This study investigated the effects of blending ratio of graphite carbon and K2CO3 on the co-combustion characteristics of the carbon source. The results showed that the minimum ignition temperature was mainly controlled by the biochar, while the burnout temperature was dominated by the graphite. The presence of K2CO3 improved the burnout temperature but had limited effect on the ignition temperature.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Guodong Shi, Pengfei Li, Fan Hu, Zhaohui Liu
Summary: This study systematically investigates the NO mechanism in syngas MILD combustion under different dilution atmospheres. It reveals that the direct and NNH routes contribute less to overall NO emission, while the thermal route only plays a minor role. The N2O-intermediate route is enhanced in CO2 and H2O atmospheres. Increasing the CO/H2 ratio and pressure can reduce NO production. This study provides important insights into the NO mechanism of syngas MILD combustion.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Jun Long, Xiaofang Wu, Qing Yang, Guoqian Chen, Zhaohui Liu, Junling Huang, Shusong Ba
Summary: The nexus of energy, water, and greenhouse gas is crucial for resource management and climate change response. This study combines environmentally-extended input-output model and structural path analysis to analyze this nexus in China in 2017. The findings identify sectors with high energy consumption, water consumption, and greenhouse gas emissions. Certain sectors are more sensitive to the nexus, and the top supply chain paths contribute significantly to energy consumption, water consumption, and greenhouse gas emissions. Understanding these linkages and critical sectors can guide resource management and greenhouse gas emission control in China.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2022)
Article
Mechanics
Maoqiang Jiang, Zhaohui Liu
Summary: A simple and efficient boundary treatment is proposed for periodic boundary conditions in a lattice Boltzmann method for simulating particle-laden flows in complex geometries, addressing some issues that were encountered previously.
Article
Thermodynamics
Junjun Guo, Xudong Jiang, Hong G. Im, Zhaohui Liu
Summary: In this study, the contributions of gas, soot, and coal particles to total radiation in pulverized coal combustion were examined. The results showed good agreement between the predicted distributions of coal particles, tar, and soot and experimental data. Accurate prediction of radiation heat transfer in pulverized coal combustion requires considering all components.
COMBUSTION AND FLAME
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Kuang Ma, Yaning Wang, Maoqiang Jiang, Zhaohui Liu
Summary: We proposed a simple one-step index (OSI) algorithm for solving the lattice Boltzmann equation, which achieves the streaming of particle distribution functions (PDFs) on a single grid system. The algorithm is derived from the conventional A-B pattern and has fixed memory addresses for the PDFs in accordance with collision principles. It reassigns their indexes to implicitly compute the streaming process. The algorithm is simple to program and suitable for GPUs, showing good performance and efficiency.
COMPUTER PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Xiaohong Huang, Fan Hu, Xuhui Liu, Zhaohui Liu
Summary: Accurate assessment of the structural characteristics and reactivity of coal char is crucial for burner design. In this study, the physical-chemical structures and reactivities of low-volatile coal chars were investigated under different conditions. It was found that the CO2 content affected the char yield and specific surface area, and the chemical structures were influenced by different conditions. Moreover, the physical structure characteristics of coal char played a leading role in the apparent reactivity.
Article
Thermodynamics
Fan Hu, Biao Xiong, Xuhui Liu, Xiaohong Huang, Yu Li, Zhaohui Liu
Summary: Accurate assessment of coal char oxidation kinetics under moderate or intense low-oxygen dilution oxy-fuel conditions is essential for efficient combustion system design. This study conducted experimental and modeling studies to analyze the intrinsic kinetic properties of coal char oxidation. The results showed small reactivity differences between the atmospheres and indicated that the random pore model correlated the best with experimental results. The activation energies of coal char under the optimal conditions in different atmospheres were much higher than those obtained by the conventional method, and the reaction orders were close to 1.0.
Article
Thermodynamics
Xudong Jiang, Junjun Guo, Zhengyun Wei, Erica Quadarella, Hong G. Im, Zhaohui Liu
Summary: A flamelet/progress variable model accounting for differential diffusion effects is proposed and applied to LES of turbulent oxy-fuel flames. The model incorporates the influences of combustion progress, mixture fraction, and turbulence on variable Lewis numbers. The model is evaluated on a laminar coflow flame and implemented in a fully coupled LES of oxy-fuel jet flames, showing accurate capture of the effects of differential diffusion and good predictions on temperature and species distribution.
COMBUSTION AND FLAME
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Fan Hu, Pengfei Li, Pengfei Cheng, Yaowei Liu, Guodong Shi, Yan Gao, Zhaohui Liu
Summary: The experimental study on the incineration treatment of sawdust and residual char blend in a tubular-furnace reactor and a 200-kW pilot-scale furnace is conducted. The influence of temperature and oxygen concentration on NO release characteristics is examined, indicating that the released NO mainly originates from fuel-NO under medium temperature and low oxygen environments. The results demonstrate that stable combustion and emission reduction can be achieved through MILD combustion of the solid waste blend.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Shenxu Qin, Maoqiang Jiang, Kuang Ma, Jin Su, Zhaohui Liu
Summary: An efficient immersed boundary-lattice Boltzmann method (IB-LBM) is proposed for fully resolved simulations of suspended solid particles in viscoelastic flows. The method is validated and applied to various scenarios, demonstrating its capability in studying the complex behaviors of viscoelastic particle suspensions.
Review
Energy & Fuels
Pengfei Li, Pengfei Cheng, Guochang Wang, Feifei Wang, Kin-Pang Cheong, Zhaohui Liu, Jianchun Mi
Summary: Moderateor intense low-oxygen dilution (MILD) combustion has the advantages of high thermal efficiency and ultralow NOx emissions. This technology has attracted extensive attention since 1990. Initially, the development of MILD combustion technologies required preheating the combustion air externally, limiting its industrial applications for burning solid fuels. However, this limitation has been overcome, and significant progress has been made in solid-fuel MILD combustion, including the development of burners utilizing different types of solid fuels and the reduction of pollutant emissions.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yingna Du, Chen Huang, Wei Jiang, Qiangwei Yan, Yongfei Li, Gang Chen
Summary: In this study, anionic surfactants modified hydrotalcite was used as a flow improver for crude oil under low-temperature conditions. The modified hydrotalcite showed a significant viscosity reduction effect on crude oil. The mechanism of the modified hydrotalcite on viscosity and pour point of crude oil was explored through characterization and analysis of the modified hydrotalcite and oil samples.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Mohammad Saeid Rostami, Mohammad Mehdi Khodaei
Summary: In this study, a hybrid structure, MIL-53(Al)@MWCNT, was synthesized by combining MIL-53(Al) particles and -COOH functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT). The hybrid structure was then embedded in a polyethersulfone (PES) polymer matrix to prepare a mixed matrix membrane (MMM) for CO2/CH4 and CO2/N2 separation. The addition of MWCNTs prevented MIL-53(Al) aggregation, improved membrane mechanical properties, and enhanced gas separation efficiency.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yunlong Li, Desheng Huang, Xiaomeng Dong, Daoyong Yang
Summary: This study develops theoretical and experimental techniques to determine the phase behavior and physical properties of DME/flue gas/water/heavy oil systems. Eight constant composition expansion (CCE) tests are conducted to obtain new experimental data. A thermodynamic model is used to accurately predict saturation pressure and swelling factors, as well as the phase boundaries of N2/heavy oil systems and DME/CO2/heavy oil systems, with high accuracy.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Morteza Afkhamipour, Ebad Seifi, Arash Esmaeili, Mohammad Shamsi, Tohid N. Borhani
Summary: Non-conventional amines are being researched worldwide to overcome the limitations of traditional amines like MEA and MDEA. Adequate process and thermodynamic models are crucial for understanding the applicability and performance of these amines in CO2 absorption, but studies on process modeling for these amines are limited. This study used rate-based modeling and Deshmukh-Mather method to model CO2 absorption by DETA solution in a packed column, validated the model with experimental data, and conducted a sensitivity analysis of mass transfer correlations. The study also compared the CO2 absorption efficiency of DETA solution with an ionic solvent [bmim]-[PF6] and highlighted the importance of finding optimum operational parameters for maximum absorption efficiency.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Arastoo Abdi, Mohamad Awarke, M. Reza Malayeri, Masoud Riazi
Summary: The utilization of smart water in EOR operations has gained attention, but more research is needed to understand the complex mechanisms involved. This study investigated the interfacial tension between smart water and crude oil, considering factors such as salt, pH, asphaltene type, and aged smart water. The results revealed that the hydration of ions in smart water plays a key role in its efficacy, with acidic and basic asphaltene acting as intrinsic surfactants. The pH also influenced the interfacial tension, and the aged smart water's interaction with crude oil depended on asphaltene type, salt, and salinity.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Dongao Zhu, Kun Zhu, Lixian Xu, Haiyan Huang, Jing He, Wenshuai Zhu, Huaming Li, Wei Jiang
Summary: In this study, cobalt-based metal-organic frameworks (Co-based MOFs) were used as supports and co-catalysts to confine the NHPI catalyst, solving the leaching issue. The NHPI@Co-MOF with carboxyl groups exhibited stronger acidity and facilitated the generation of active oxygen radicals O2•, resulting in enhanced catalytic activity. This research provides valuable insights into the selection of suitable organic linkers and broadens the research horizon of MOF hybrids in efficient oxidative desulfurization (ODS) applications.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Edwin G. Hoyos, Gloria Amo-Duodu, U. Gulsum Kiral, Laura Vargas-Estrada, Raquel Lebrero, Rail Munoz
Summary: This study investigated the impact of carbon-coated zero-valent nanoparticle concentration on photosynthetic biogas upgrading. The addition of nanoparticles significantly increased microalgae productivity and enhanced nitrogen and phosphorus assimilation. The presence of nanoparticles also improved the quality of biomethane produced.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yao Xiao, Asma Leghari, Linfeng Liu, Fangchao Yu, Ming Gao, Lu Ding, Yu Yang, Xueli Chen, Xiaoyu Yan, Fuchen Wang
Summary: Iron is added as a flocculant in wastewater treatment and the hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of sludge produces wastewater containing Fe. This study investigates the effect of aqueous phase (AP) recycling on hydrochar properties, iron evolution and environmental assessment during HTC of sludge. The results show that AP recycling process improves the dewatering performance of hydrochar and facilitates the recovery of Fe from the liquid phase.
Article
Energy & Fuels
He Liang, Tao Wang, Zhenmin Luo, Jianliang Yu, Weizhai Yi, Fangming Cheng, Jingyu Zhao, Xingqing Yan, Jun Deng, Jihao Shi
Summary: This study investigated the influence of inhibitors (carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and heptafluoropropane) on the lower flammability limit of hydrogen and determined the critical inhibitory concentration needed for complete suppression. The impact of inhibitors on explosive characteristics was evaluated, and the inhibitory mechanism was analyzed with chemical kinetics. The results showed that with the increase of inhibitor quantity, the lower flammability limit of hydrogen also increased. The research findings can contribute to the safe utilization of hydrogen energy.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Zonghui Liu, Zhongze Zhang, Yali Zhou, Ziling Wang, Mingyang Du, Zhe Wen, Bing Yan, Qingxiang Ma, Na Liu, Bing Xue
Summary: In this study, high-performance solid catalysts based on phosphotungstic acid (HPW) supported on Zr-SBA-15 were synthesized and evaluated for the one-pot conversion of furfural (FUR) to γ-valerolactone (GVL). The catalysts were characterized using various techniques, and the ratio of HPW and Zr was found to significantly affect the selectivity of GVL. The HPW/Zr-SBA-15 (2-4-15) catalyst exhibited the highest GVL yield (83%) under optimized reaction conditions, and it was determined that a balance between Bronsted acid sites (BAS) and Lewis acid sites (LAS) was crucial for achieving higher catalytic performance. The reaction parameters and catalyst stability were also investigated.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Michael Stoehr, Stephan Ruoff, Bastian Rauch, Wolfgang Meier, Patrick Le Clercq
Summary: As part of the global energy transition, an experimental study was conducted to understand the effects of different fuel properties on droplet vaporization for various conventional and alternative fuels. The study utilized a flow channel to measure the evolution of droplet diameters over time and distance. The results revealed the temperature-dependent effects of physical properties, such as boiling point, liquid density, and enthalpy of vaporization, and showed the complex interactions of preferential vaporization and temperature-dependent influences of physical properties for multi-component fuels.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yuan Zhuang, Ruikang Wu, Xinyan Wang, Rui Zhai, Changyong Gao
Summary: Through experimental validation and optimization of the chemical kinetic model, it was found that methanol can accelerate the oxidation reaction of ammonia, and methanol can be rapidly oxidized at high concentration. HO2 was found to generate a significant amount of OH radicals, facilitating the oxidation of methanol and ammonia. Rating: 7.5/10.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Radwan M. EL-Zohairy, Ahmed S. Attia, A. S. Huzayyin, Ahmed I. EL-Seesy
Summary: This paper presents a lab-scale experimental study on the impact of diethyl ether (DEE) as an additive to waste cooking oil biodiesel with Jet A-1 on combustion and emission features of a swirl-stabilized premixed flame. The addition of DEE to biodiesel significantly affects the flame temperature distribution and emissions. The W20D20 blend of DEE, biodiesel, and Jet A-1 shows similar flame temperature distribution to Jet A-1 and significantly reduces UHC, CO, and NOx emissions compared to Jet A-1.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Jiang Bian, Ziyuan Zhao, Yang Liu, Ran Cheng, Xuerui Zang, Xuewen Cao
Summary: This study presents a novel method for ammonia separation using supersonic flow and develops a mathematical model to investigate the condensation phenomenon. The results demonstrate that the L-P nucleation model accurately characterizes the nucleation process of ammonia at low temperatures. Numerical simulations also show that increasing pressure and concentration can enhance ammonia condensation efficiency.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Shiyuan Pan, Xiaodan Shi, Beibei Dong, Jan Skvaril, Haoran Zhang, Yongtu Liang, Hailong Li
Summary: Integrating CO2 capture with biomass-fired combined heat and power (bio-CHP) plants is a promising method for achieving negative emissions. This study develops a reliable data-driven model based on the Transformer architecture to predict the flowrate and CO2 concentration of flue gas in real time. The model validation shows high prediction accuracy, and the potential impact of meteorological parameters on model accuracy is assessed. The results demonstrate that the Transformer model outperforms other models and using near-infrared spectral data as input features improves the prediction accuracy.
