Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jing Bai, Yang Zhang, Xinghua Zhang, Chenguang Wang, Longlong Ma
Summary: High-density polycyclic alkanes prepared from lignocellulose biomass are synthesized using lignin-derived phenol and benzyl acetate, followed by hydrodeoxygenation reaction over a Pd/C catalyst. The HDO products show high density and heating values, with perhydrofluorene and dicyclohexylmethane as dominant components. This strategy provides a potential alternative to fossil fuels.
ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Teresa R. Sterner, Tammie R. Covington, David R. Mattie
Summary: An array physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model was used to simultaneously quantify dosimetry of multiple compounds, and it successfully predicted internal dosimetry of jet fuel components. The model accounted for metabolism of compounds in the lung and liver, and kinetics in different tissues. It was able to simulate blood concentration and tissue dosimetry data, and was useful for comparing tissue burdens resulting from complex mixture exposures.
Article
Thermodynamics
Elaine Siew Kuan Why, Hwai Chyuan Ong, Hwei Voon Lee, Wei-Hsin Chen, N. Asikin-Mijan, Mahendra Varman
Summary: The research shows that 8% Pd/C catalyst with palm kernel oil after deoxygenation can achieve the best yield and fuel selectivity. The blending of 20% volume of palm kernel oil-derived bio-jet fuel with Jet A-1 fuel is considered the most promising ratio, as it has the most favorable low temperature fluidity and good combustion characteristics.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2021)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Vikas Verma, Ankit Mishra, Mohit Anand, Saleem Akhtar Farooqui, Anil Kumar Sinha
Summary: This study utilized palm stearin oil for catalytic hydrocracking to produce renewable aviation kerosene and diesel. Different reaction parameters significantly influenced product selectivity, and a reaction mechanistic pathway was proposed.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Sichao Yang, Chengxiang Shi, Zhensheng Shen, Lun Pan, Zhenfeng Huang, Xiangwen Zhang, Ji-Jun Zou
Summary: Synthesis of high-density fuel from lignocellulose through alkylation and hydrodeoxygenation expands the feedstock source of hydrocarbon fuel and achieves green and low-carbon development.
JOURNAL OF ENERGY CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Elaine Siew Kuan Why, Hwai Chyuan Ong, Hwei Voon Lee, Wei-Hsin Chen, N. Asikin-Mijan, Mahendra Varman, Wen Jing Loh
Summary: The study focused on producing bio-jet fuel from different types of palm oil through deoxygenation process using various catalysts. The results showed that Pd/C catalyst at 8 wt% had the best deoxygenation efficiency. The physicochemical properties of the produced liquid fuel met the standard Jet A-1 fuel requirements.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Anna Widdowson, J. Paul Coad, Yevhen Zayachuk, Ionut Jepu, Eduardo Alves, Norberto Catarino, Victoria Corregidor, Matej Mayer, Stepan Krat, Jari Likonen, Kenichiro Mizohata, Chris Rowley, Miroslaw Zlobinski, Marek Rubel, David Douai, Kalle Heinola, Tom Wauters, Laura Dittrich, Sunwoo Moon, Per Petersson, Aleksandra Baron-Wiechec, Liga Avotina
Summary: Based on the most comprehensive ex situ fuel retention data set on JET PFCs from the 2015-2016 ILW3 operating period, an assessment of the tritium inventory in plasma facing components (PFC) during JET T and deuterium-tritium (DT) operations is presented. The results show a small global fuel retention, with the inner divertor having the highest fuel retention. The calculated T inventory in PFCs at the end of JET operations is important for accountancy, clean-up efficacy, and waste liability assessments.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Zhibin Yang, Zhangyang Xu, Maoqi Feng, John R. Cort, Rafal Gieleciak, Joshua Heyne, Bin Yang
Summary: This study reports the development of a jet fuel blend component using a specific feedstock and chemical process. The blended fuel showed similar operability properties to conventional jet fuel, indicating its potential use as a sustainable aviation fuel.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Chuhua Jia, Cheng Zhang, Shaoqu Xie, Wanli Zhang, Ziling Wang, Hongfei Lin
Summary: Researchers have developed a novel biphasic catalytic process to efficiently produce bio-jet fuel from fatty acids, aiming to reduce the production costs in the aviation industry. By adjusting the catalyst and solvent, cracking selectivity can be tuned. The optimized Ru/C catalyst exhibits excellent performance, achieving high carbon yield of jet-fuel-range alkanes at relatively low temperatures.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Siavash Khodakarami, Hanyang Zhao, Kazi Fazle Rabbi, Qiyuan Wu, Jingcheng Ma, Nenad Miljkovic
Summary: In this study, an innovative sol-gel silicon dioxide hybrid antifouling coating was developed to mitigate fuel fouling. The coating has low surface roughness and low surface energy, reducing the nucleation rate during deposition. Moreover, the sol-gel SiO2 base coating minimizes exposure of the metal substrate to the fuel, thereby reducing the decomposition reaction rate.
CELL REPORTS PHYSICAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Sungtak Kim, Jochen Lauterbach
Summary: ZSM-5 zeolites synthesized using a microwave-assisted heating method exhibited larger crystal sizes and broader mesopore size distribution, with similar acidity properties compared to those obtained via conventional heating method. Different heating methods resulted in varied crystal sizes and roughness, influencing the fast crystal growth and consumption of silicon and aluminum precursor during hydrothermal synthesis.
MICROPOROUS AND MESOPOROUS MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yangbin Deng, Bowen Qiu, Yuan Yin, Yingwei Wu, Guanghui Su
Summary: In this study, the Finite Element Method was used to simulate the fuel relocation behavior caused by fuel cracking. The simulation results showed bidirectional relocation in a dual-cooled annular fuel rod, and a relocation model was proposed based on the findings.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Wei-Cheng Wang, Yu-Cheng Liu, Rusdan Aditya Aji Nugroho
Summary: This study compares the Fischer-Tropsch-to-jet process with the pyrolysis-to-jet process, finding that the former has higher mass, energy, and carbon yields but emits more CO2. The minimum jet fuel-selling price for Fischer-Tropsch-to-jet process is lower than the pyrolysis-to-jet process, according to the results.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Dianne Luning Prak, Michael Hamilton, Rhea Banados, Jim Cowart
Summary: This study investigates the physical properties and combustion behavior of blends of military jet fuel JP-5 with biodiesels synthesized from 13 plant oils, bacon grease, and duck fat. The biodiesels were found to have higher densities and viscosities than the maximum allowable limits for military diesel fuel, but their flash points and cetane numbers mostly met the requirements. Combustion experiments showed that blending 20% biodiesel with JP-5 had minimal impact on the combustion characteristics in a diesel engine.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Eleonora Truzzi, Lucia Marchetti, Stefania Benvenuti, Valeria Righi, Maria Cecilia Rossi, Vito Gallo, Davide Bertelli
Summary: This study demonstrates the versatility of qNMR as a tool for accurate and quantitative detection of adulterants or diluents in essential oils. The method showed high precision and accuracy regardless of the specific combination of essential oils and vegetable oils, making it competitive with other established techniques. The results of this research suggest that this approach is promising for quality control in the essential oil industry to prevent fraudulent practices.
Article
Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
Kuanliang Shao, Yi Tian, Jingsong Zhang
Summary: Thermal decomposition of allyltrichlorosilane and allyltrimethylsilane at high temperatures was studied using flash pyrolysis, revealing the primary reaction steps and potential products of the process.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Kuanliang Shao, Xinghua Liu, Paul J. Jones, Ge Sun, Mariah Gomez, Blake P. Riser, Jingsong Zhang
Summary: The thermal decomposition of cyclohexane at high temperatures primarily involves C-C bond fission to form the 1,6-hexyl diradical, which can isomerize to 1-hexene or directly dissociate into smaller molecules. Quantum chemistry calculations support the experimental findings, showing consistency in the initial reaction pathways.
PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yingna Du, Chen Huang, Wei Jiang, Qiangwei Yan, Yongfei Li, Gang Chen
Summary: In this study, anionic surfactants modified hydrotalcite was used as a flow improver for crude oil under low-temperature conditions. The modified hydrotalcite showed a significant viscosity reduction effect on crude oil. The mechanism of the modified hydrotalcite on viscosity and pour point of crude oil was explored through characterization and analysis of the modified hydrotalcite and oil samples.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Mohammad Saeid Rostami, Mohammad Mehdi Khodaei
Summary: In this study, a hybrid structure, MIL-53(Al)@MWCNT, was synthesized by combining MIL-53(Al) particles and -COOH functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT). The hybrid structure was then embedded in a polyethersulfone (PES) polymer matrix to prepare a mixed matrix membrane (MMM) for CO2/CH4 and CO2/N2 separation. The addition of MWCNTs prevented MIL-53(Al) aggregation, improved membrane mechanical properties, and enhanced gas separation efficiency.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yunlong Li, Desheng Huang, Xiaomeng Dong, Daoyong Yang
Summary: This study develops theoretical and experimental techniques to determine the phase behavior and physical properties of DME/flue gas/water/heavy oil systems. Eight constant composition expansion (CCE) tests are conducted to obtain new experimental data. A thermodynamic model is used to accurately predict saturation pressure and swelling factors, as well as the phase boundaries of N2/heavy oil systems and DME/CO2/heavy oil systems, with high accuracy.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Morteza Afkhamipour, Ebad Seifi, Arash Esmaeili, Mohammad Shamsi, Tohid N. Borhani
Summary: Non-conventional amines are being researched worldwide to overcome the limitations of traditional amines like MEA and MDEA. Adequate process and thermodynamic models are crucial for understanding the applicability and performance of these amines in CO2 absorption, but studies on process modeling for these amines are limited. This study used rate-based modeling and Deshmukh-Mather method to model CO2 absorption by DETA solution in a packed column, validated the model with experimental data, and conducted a sensitivity analysis of mass transfer correlations. The study also compared the CO2 absorption efficiency of DETA solution with an ionic solvent [bmim]-[PF6] and highlighted the importance of finding optimum operational parameters for maximum absorption efficiency.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Arastoo Abdi, Mohamad Awarke, M. Reza Malayeri, Masoud Riazi
Summary: The utilization of smart water in EOR operations has gained attention, but more research is needed to understand the complex mechanisms involved. This study investigated the interfacial tension between smart water and crude oil, considering factors such as salt, pH, asphaltene type, and aged smart water. The results revealed that the hydration of ions in smart water plays a key role in its efficacy, with acidic and basic asphaltene acting as intrinsic surfactants. The pH also influenced the interfacial tension, and the aged smart water's interaction with crude oil depended on asphaltene type, salt, and salinity.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Dongao Zhu, Kun Zhu, Lixian Xu, Haiyan Huang, Jing He, Wenshuai Zhu, Huaming Li, Wei Jiang
Summary: In this study, cobalt-based metal-organic frameworks (Co-based MOFs) were used as supports and co-catalysts to confine the NHPI catalyst, solving the leaching issue. The NHPI@Co-MOF with carboxyl groups exhibited stronger acidity and facilitated the generation of active oxygen radicals O2•, resulting in enhanced catalytic activity. This research provides valuable insights into the selection of suitable organic linkers and broadens the research horizon of MOF hybrids in efficient oxidative desulfurization (ODS) applications.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Edwin G. Hoyos, Gloria Amo-Duodu, U. Gulsum Kiral, Laura Vargas-Estrada, Raquel Lebrero, Rail Munoz
Summary: This study investigated the impact of carbon-coated zero-valent nanoparticle concentration on photosynthetic biogas upgrading. The addition of nanoparticles significantly increased microalgae productivity and enhanced nitrogen and phosphorus assimilation. The presence of nanoparticles also improved the quality of biomethane produced.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yao Xiao, Asma Leghari, Linfeng Liu, Fangchao Yu, Ming Gao, Lu Ding, Yu Yang, Xueli Chen, Xiaoyu Yan, Fuchen Wang
Summary: Iron is added as a flocculant in wastewater treatment and the hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of sludge produces wastewater containing Fe. This study investigates the effect of aqueous phase (AP) recycling on hydrochar properties, iron evolution and environmental assessment during HTC of sludge. The results show that AP recycling process improves the dewatering performance of hydrochar and facilitates the recovery of Fe from the liquid phase.
Article
Energy & Fuels
He Liang, Tao Wang, Zhenmin Luo, Jianliang Yu, Weizhai Yi, Fangming Cheng, Jingyu Zhao, Xingqing Yan, Jun Deng, Jihao Shi
Summary: This study investigated the influence of inhibitors (carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and heptafluoropropane) on the lower flammability limit of hydrogen and determined the critical inhibitory concentration needed for complete suppression. The impact of inhibitors on explosive characteristics was evaluated, and the inhibitory mechanism was analyzed with chemical kinetics. The results showed that with the increase of inhibitor quantity, the lower flammability limit of hydrogen also increased. The research findings can contribute to the safe utilization of hydrogen energy.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Zonghui Liu, Zhongze Zhang, Yali Zhou, Ziling Wang, Mingyang Du, Zhe Wen, Bing Yan, Qingxiang Ma, Na Liu, Bing Xue
Summary: In this study, high-performance solid catalysts based on phosphotungstic acid (HPW) supported on Zr-SBA-15 were synthesized and evaluated for the one-pot conversion of furfural (FUR) to γ-valerolactone (GVL). The catalysts were characterized using various techniques, and the ratio of HPW and Zr was found to significantly affect the selectivity of GVL. The HPW/Zr-SBA-15 (2-4-15) catalyst exhibited the highest GVL yield (83%) under optimized reaction conditions, and it was determined that a balance between Bronsted acid sites (BAS) and Lewis acid sites (LAS) was crucial for achieving higher catalytic performance. The reaction parameters and catalyst stability were also investigated.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Michael Stoehr, Stephan Ruoff, Bastian Rauch, Wolfgang Meier, Patrick Le Clercq
Summary: As part of the global energy transition, an experimental study was conducted to understand the effects of different fuel properties on droplet vaporization for various conventional and alternative fuels. The study utilized a flow channel to measure the evolution of droplet diameters over time and distance. The results revealed the temperature-dependent effects of physical properties, such as boiling point, liquid density, and enthalpy of vaporization, and showed the complex interactions of preferential vaporization and temperature-dependent influences of physical properties for multi-component fuels.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yuan Zhuang, Ruikang Wu, Xinyan Wang, Rui Zhai, Changyong Gao
Summary: Through experimental validation and optimization of the chemical kinetic model, it was found that methanol can accelerate the oxidation reaction of ammonia, and methanol can be rapidly oxidized at high concentration. HO2 was found to generate a significant amount of OH radicals, facilitating the oxidation of methanol and ammonia. Rating: 7.5/10.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Radwan M. EL-Zohairy, Ahmed S. Attia, A. S. Huzayyin, Ahmed I. EL-Seesy
Summary: This paper presents a lab-scale experimental study on the impact of diethyl ether (DEE) as an additive to waste cooking oil biodiesel with Jet A-1 on combustion and emission features of a swirl-stabilized premixed flame. The addition of DEE to biodiesel significantly affects the flame temperature distribution and emissions. The W20D20 blend of DEE, biodiesel, and Jet A-1 shows similar flame temperature distribution to Jet A-1 and significantly reduces UHC, CO, and NOx emissions compared to Jet A-1.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Jiang Bian, Ziyuan Zhao, Yang Liu, Ran Cheng, Xuerui Zang, Xuewen Cao
Summary: This study presents a novel method for ammonia separation using supersonic flow and develops a mathematical model to investigate the condensation phenomenon. The results demonstrate that the L-P nucleation model accurately characterizes the nucleation process of ammonia at low temperatures. Numerical simulations also show that increasing pressure and concentration can enhance ammonia condensation efficiency.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Shiyuan Pan, Xiaodan Shi, Beibei Dong, Jan Skvaril, Haoran Zhang, Yongtu Liang, Hailong Li
Summary: Integrating CO2 capture with biomass-fired combined heat and power (bio-CHP) plants is a promising method for achieving negative emissions. This study develops a reliable data-driven model based on the Transformer architecture to predict the flowrate and CO2 concentration of flue gas in real time. The model validation shows high prediction accuracy, and the potential impact of meteorological parameters on model accuracy is assessed. The results demonstrate that the Transformer model outperforms other models and using near-infrared spectral data as input features improves the prediction accuracy.