Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Simona-Adriana Manea, Mihaela-Loredana Vlad, Alexandra-Gela Lazar, Horia Muresian, Maya Simionescu, Adrian Manea
Summary: Dysregulated epigenetic mechanisms, specifically LSD1/KDM1A, play a crucial role in atherosclerosis by promoting oxidative stress and inflammation. Inhibition of LSD1 effectively reduces the extent of atherosclerotic lesions and decreases markers of immune cell infiltration and vascular inflammation, making it a potential therapeutic target.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jiangyan Liu, Qinglin Sun, Mengqi Sun, Lisen Lin, Xiaoke Ren, Tianyu Li, Qing Xu, Zhiwei Sun, Junchao Duan
Summary: This study investigated the mechanism of PM2.5-induced atherosclerosis and the protective role of melatonin. The results showed that PM2.5 exposure decreased aortic elasticity, caused dyslipidemia and oxidative damage, and increased atherosclerotic plaque area. Melatonin administration effectively alleviated macrophage M1 polarization and atherosclerosis. Further investigation revealed that NOX2 and mitochondria were prominent sources of PM2.5-induced ROS production, and melatonin inhibited NOX2-mediated crosstalk of signaling pathways, mitigating macrophage M1 polarization and foam cell formation.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jiuchun Qiu, Daiqi Liu, Pengsha Li, Lingling Zhou, Lu Zhou, Xing Liu, Yue Zhang, Meng Yuan, Gary Tse, Guangping Li, Tong Liu
Summary: Oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction play important roles in the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus. This study established a type 2 diabetes model and found that inhibiting NADPH oxidase can improve ventricular remodeling and reduce the incidence of DCM.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anja Hofmann, Frieda Frank, Steffen Wolk, Albert Busch, Anna Klimova, Pamela Sabarstinski, Michael Gerlach, Dmitry Egorov, Irakli Kopaliani, Sonke Weinert, Bianca Hamann, David M. Poitz, Coy Brunssen, Henning Morawietz, Katrin Schroder, Christian Reeps
Summary: The study found that low NOX4 mRNA expression is associated with an increased risk for symptomatic carotid artery stenosis and reduced plaque stabilizing mechanisms, suggesting protective effects of NOX4 in human advanced atherosclerosis.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Leticia Guadalupe Fragoso-Morales, Jose Correa-Basurto, Martha Cecilia Rosales-Hernandez
Summary: Alzheimer's disease is a major human dementia characterized by memory loss associated with oxidative stress in brain cells. Overexpression of NADPH oxidase in AD leads to the production of large amounts of reactive oxygen species, damaging brain cells and vasculature, making it a potential therapeutic target for AD.
Article
Plant Sciences
Balram Sahu, Subhash Chandra Naithani
Summary: This study highlights the regulatory role of ROS and its detoxifying enzymes in the process of desiccation tolerance. PEG pretreatment in germinated pea seedlings improves their desiccation tolerance by reducing the levels of superoxide and H2O2. Enhanced expression of antioxidative enzymes is associated with reduced oxidative stress. Furthermore, PEG pretreatment can reduce the accumulation of superoxide in the root.
SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Biljana Musicki, Serkan Karakus, Justin D. La Favor, Haolin Chen, Fabio H. Silva, Mikael Sturny, Barry R. Zirkin, Arthur L. Burnett
Summary: The study suggests that stimulating the production of endogenous testosterone can help reduce priapism in patients with SCD without affecting fertility. This treatment approach may work by activating TSPO, restoring phosphodiesterase 5 activity, and reducing oxidative stress levels.
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Yuri Zilberter, Dennis R. Tabuena, Misha Zilberter
Summary: Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) causing cognitive impairment and dementia are difficult to treat due to a lack of understanding of their primary initiating factors. Recent research suggests that early oxidative stress caused by NADPH oxidase (NOX) activation may be a shared initiating mechanism among major sporadic NDDs. This study focuses on Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and acquired epilepsy, and explores the commonalities in neuroinflammation and NOX involvement to identify therapeutic targets and gain a deeper understanding of the underlying causes of NDDs.
PROGRESS IN NEUROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Keum-Jin Yang, Won Jung Choi, Yoon-Kyung Chang, Cheol Whee Park, Suk Young Kim, Yu Ah Hong
Summary: Xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibition showed renoprotective effects in diabetic kidney disease (DKD) by inhibiting vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and NADPH oxidase (NOX) and reducing oxidative stress. This study provides important insights into the therapeutic potential of XO inhibition in DKD.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Claes Ohlsson, Maria Nethander, Anna-Karin Norlen, Matti Poutanen, Elias Freyr Gudmundsson, Thor Aspelund, Sigurdur Sigurdsson, Henrik Ryberg, Vilmundur Gudnason, Asa Tivesten
Summary: This study found an inverse association between serum levels of DHEA and testosterone and coronary artery calcification in elderly men, partially independently from each other. These results raise the question whether androgens produced by both the adrenals and the testes may contribute to male cardiovascular health.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Timothy Fabisiak, Manisha Patel
Summary: Neuroinflammation and oxidative stress play important roles in the pathophysiology of epilepsy. They have significant crosstalk and influence each other through various mechanisms, affecting epileptic processes and disease outcomes. Treatment strategies targeting oxidative stress and redox regulation may help control neuroinflammation and improve patient outcomes.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Julio C. Padovan, Thales M. H. Dourado, Gustavo F. Pimenta, Thiago Bruder-Nascimento, Carlos R. Tirapelli
Summary: High consumption of ethanol increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases, particularly arterial hypertension. Ethanol-induced hypertension is a complex event involving oxidative stress as a hallmark of vascular dysfunction. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a crucial role in triggering various pathological processes, including intracellular calcium accumulation, reduced bioavailability of nitric oxide, activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases, endothelial dysfunction, and loss of the anticontractile effect of perivascular adipose tissue.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Beata Franczyk, Jill Dybiec, Weronika Frak, Julia Krzeminska, Joanna Kucmierz, Ewelina Mlynarska, Magdalena Szlagor, Magdalena Wronka, Jacek Rysz
Summary: This review focuses on the main pathophysiological mechanisms of coronary artery spasm (CAS), including endothelial dysfunction, chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, smooth muscle hypercontractility, atherosclerosis and thrombosis, and mutations leading to deficient ALDH2 activity. These findings offer novel insights into the underlying mechanisms of CAS and may guide the development of diagnostic and therapeutic targets for cardiovascular diseases in the future.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Goh Eun Chung, Hyo Eun Park, Heesun Lee, Min Joo Kim, Su-Yeon Choi, Jeong Yoon Yim, Ji Won Yoon
Summary: The study found that sarcopenic obesity (SO) was significantly associated with a higher prevalence of high coronary calcium scoring (CAC) in a health check-up population. After adjusting for known risk factors, individuals with SO exhibited a significantly higher odds of a high CAC score. These findings suggest a synergistic effect of sarcopenia and obesity in increasing atherosclerotic burden in coronary arteries, potentially leading to adverse cardiovascular events.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Lei Liu, Yanchao Sun, Meijing Zhang, Ruixiang Liu, Xiaming Wu, Yanping Chen, Jianhua Yuan
Summary: This study found that BR treatment can increase the kinase activity of ZmBSK1, which in turn induces the production of H2O2. Specifically, ZmBSK1 regulates the gene expressions and activities of NADPH oxidases through phosphorylating ZmCCaMK. Genetic analysis also showed that the ZmBSK1-ZmCCaMK module enhances plant tolerance to oxidative stress induced by H2O2.
PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Transplantation
Gregorio Romero-Gonzalez, Arantxa Gonzalez, Begona Lopez, Susana Ravassa, Javier Diez
Summary: Heart failure is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in chronic kidney disease patients. Myocardial interstitial fibrosis (MIF), resulting from altered collagen turnover, contributes to the development of heart failure. Various mechanisms in different stages of chronic kidney disease may affect fibroblasts and collagen turnover in the heart. Therefore, understanding MIF could lead to the identification of biomarkers and targets for prevention and treatment of heart failure in chronic kidney disease patients.
NEPHROLOGY DIALYSIS TRANSPLANTATION
(2022)
Review
Urology & Nephrology
Borja Quiroga, Alberto Ortiz, Juan F. Navarro-Gonzalez, Rafael Santamaria, Patricia de Sequera, Javier Diez
Summary: Cardiorenal syndromes refer to disorders of the heart and kidneys that mutually influence each other. Nephrologists need specialized training in cardiology and collaboration with cardiologists to address the challenges posed by these syndromes.
CLINICAL KIDNEY JOURNAL
(2023)
Review
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Javier Diez, Javed Butler
Summary: Hypertensive heart disease is a significant cause of heart failure and its prevalence has been increasing despite improvements in hypertension treatment. The prevention of heart failure in patients with hypertensive heart disease is an important unmet medical need. This article proposes a new perspective that focuses on the detection and reversal of histological changes in the hypertensive heart, particularly myocardial interstitial fibrosis.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Luca Monzo, Joao Pedro Ferreira, John G. F. Cleland, Pierpaolo Pellicori, Beatrice Mariottoni, Mark R. Hazebroek, Tim J. Collier, Joe J. Cuthbert, Burkert Pieske, Johannes Petutschnigg, Fozia Z. Ahmed, Nicolas Girerd, Andrew L. Clark, Franco Cosmi, Jan A. Staessen, Stephane Heymans, Patrick Rossignol, Faiez Zannad
Summary: In individuals at risk for heart failure, treatment with spironolactone reduced the risk of hypokalaemia and was not associated with clinically meaningful hyperkalaemia. Factors associated with hyperkalaemia included diabetes mellitus and randomization to spironolactone, while factors associated with hypokalaemia included the use of thiazides, blood urea concentration, and history of hypertension.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Joao Pedro Ferreirra, John G. Cleland, Nicolas Girerd, Patrick Rossignol, Pierpaolo Pellicori, Franco Cosmi, Beatrice Mariottoni, Arantxa Gonzalez, Javier Diez, Scott D. Solomon, Brian Claggett, Marc A. Pfeffer, Bertram Pitt, Johannes Petutschnigg, Burkert Pieske, Frank Edelmann, Faiez Zannad
Summary: Spironolactone reduces serum concentrations of PICP in patients with HFpEF, indicating its anti-fibrotic effect.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Vishal N. Rao, Javier Diez, Finn Gustafsson, Robert J. Mentz, Michele Senni, Ewa A. Jankowska, Johann Bauersachs
Summary: Vericiguat is a recommended therapy for reducing morbidity and mortality in patients with worsening chronic heart failure. However, there are potential barriers to its prescription, such as lack of familiarity among providers and concerns about adverse effects. This review provides an overview of vericiguat therapy, proposes a guidance strategy, and summarizes patient counseling points.
JOURNAL OF CARDIAC FAILURE
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Robinson Ramirez-Velez, Arantxa Gonzalez, Antonio Garcia-Hermoso, Inigo Latasa Amezqueta, Mikel Izquierdo, Javier Diez
Summary: Exercise intolerance remains a major unmet medical need in patients with heart failure, and skeletal myopathy is considered as the major limiting factor. Recent studies have suggested that circulating myokines synthesized and secreted by skeletal muscle may provide new insights into the pathophysiology and classification of HF-related skeletal myopathy. These myokines may also serve as biomarkers to personalize physical training for patients with HF and exercise intolerance. Furthermore, the production and secretion of myokines in patients with HF may interact with systemic alterations and affect cardiac structure and function, which can influence adverse cardiac remodeling and clinical outcomes in HF patients.
METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL
(2023)
Review
Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism
Antonio Garcia-Hermoso, Robinson Ramirez-Velez, Javier Diez, Arantxa Gonzalez, Mikel Izquierdo
Summary: This study investigates the effects of exercise training on exerkines in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and determines the optimal exercise prescription. The results show that exercise training can induce changes in exerkine levels, with positive effects on glycated hemoglobin, fasting glucose, waist circumference, and body mass. Therefore, exercise training is an important therapeutic approach for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
JOURNAL OF SPORT AND HEALTH SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Amy R. Cross, Carlos E. de Andrea, Maria Villalba-Esparza, Manuel F. Landecho, Lucia Cerundolo, Praveen Weeratunga, Rachel E. Etherington, Laura Denney, Graham Ogg, Ling -Pei Ho, Ian S. D. Roberts, Joanna Hester, Paul Klenerman, Ignacio Melero, Stephen N. Sansom, Fadi Issa
Summary: This study used spatial transcriptomics to explore the interactions between different immune and stromal cell populations in COVID-19-affected lung tissue. Through gene expression analysis of well-preserved lung samples from 3 patients, a common immune-cell signaling circuit involving cytotoxic lymphocytes and pro-inflammatory macrophages was identified in areas of severe lung damage. The expression of IFNG by cytotoxic lymphocytes was associated with the induction of chemokines, while TNF superfamily members (BAFF and TRAIL) were consistently upregulated in severely damaged areas. Validation of these findings in additional COVID-19 patient cohorts supports the potential use of this immune-mediated tissue pathology model for future therapeutic strategies.
Review
Urology & Nephrology
Rafael de la Espriella, Marta Cobo Marcos, Claudio Ronco, Debasish Banerjee, Miguel Gonzalez, Jose Luis Gorriz, Borja Quiroga, Maria Jose Soler, Javier Diez, Julio Nunez
Summary: The population of patients with concomitant heart and kidney disease is expected to increase, significantly impacting public health and healthcare utilization. A multidisciplinary team approach aiming to provide coordinated care is crucial for improving patient outcomes and optimizing healthcare resources.
CLINICAL KIDNEY JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Nicolas Girerd, Daniel Levy, Kevin Duarte, Joao Pedro Ferreira, Christie Ballantyne, Timothy Collier, Anne Pizard, Jens Bjoerkman, Javed Butler, Andrew Clark, John G. Cleland, Christian Delles, Javier Diez, Arantxa Gonzalez, Mark Hazebroek, Jennifer Ho, Anne-Cecile Huby, Shih-Jen Hwang, Roberto Latini, Beatrice Mariottoni, Alexandre Mebazaa, Pierpaolo Pellicori, Naveed Sattar, Peter Sever, Jan A. Staessen, Job Verdonschot, Stephane Heymans, Patrick Rossignol, Faiez Zannad
Summary: This study identified protein biomarkers associated with new-onset heart failure in three independent cohorts. The inclusion of these biomarkers in addition to clinical risk factors improved the prediction of heart failure risk. The B-type natriuretic peptide and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide were found to be particularly relevant in predicting heart failure.
CIRCULATION-HEART FAILURE
(2023)
Editorial Material
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Javier Diez, Giuseppe M. C. Rosano, Javed Butler
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HEART FAILURE
(2023)
Editorial Material
Urology & Nephrology
Borja Quiroga, Javier Diez
Summary: The progressive reduction in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) resulting in chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Creatinine plus cystatin C-based eGFR and cystatin C-based eGFR can better assess the risk of adverse cardiovascular outcomes. It is suggested to use cystatin C and/or creatinine plus cystatin C-based eGFR for routine clinical practice in cardiorenal patients to accurately stratify cardiovascular risk and evaluate the kidney and cardiovascular protective effects of SGLT2 inhibitors.
CLINICAL KIDNEY JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Rafael de la Espriella, Jorge Navarro, Anna Mollar, Luis D'Marco, Patricia Palau, Gema Minana, Pau Llacer, Enrique Santas, Raquel Heredia, Miguel Gonzalez, Jose Luis Gorriz, Pau Codina, Javier Diez, Antoni Bayes-Genis, Julio Nunez
Summary: This multicenter study suggests that an eGFR below 30 mL center dot min(-1)center dot 1.73 m(-2) on admission could be an independent predictor for long-term mortality and readmissions in patients with acute heart failure.
CARDIORENAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Torben Lange, Soeren J. Backhaus, Bo Eric Beuthner, Rodi Topci, Karl-Rudolf Rigorth, Johannes T. Kowallick, Ruben Evertz, Moritz Schnelle, Susana Ravassa, Javier Diez, Karl Toischer, Tim Seidler, Miriam Puls, Gerd Hasenfuss, Andreas Schuster
Summary: This study aimed to assess myocardial remodeling processes in patients with severe aortic stenosis undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement using cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging. The results showed that 1 year after TAVR, myocardial function improved, myocardial volume regressed, and heart failure recovery occurred.
JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE
(2022)
