Journal
FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY
Volume 108, Issue -, Pages 93-103Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.07.046
Keywords
Chlorotriazine herbicide; Antioxidant enzymes; Genotoxicity; HPLC-UV DAD analysis; Lipid peroxidation; Total antioxidant capacity
Categories
Funding
- Organic Pollutants in Environment - Markers and Biomarkers of Toxicity (OPENTOX) - Croatian Science Foundation [8366]
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Terbuthylazine is a selective pre- and post-emergency chloro-triazine herbicide used for a broad spectrum of weed control. We evaluated the potential of low doses of terbuthylazine to induce oxidative stress and cytogenetic damage in peripheral blood samples of adult male Wistar rats. Following 28-day repeated oral exposure at 0.004 mg/kg b.w./day, 0.4 mg/kg b.w./day and 2.29 mg/kg b.w./day, parameters of lipid peroxidation, total antioxidant capacity, and activities of antioxidant enzymes were measured in blood samples. Alkaline comet assay on leukocytes and erythrocyte micronucleus assay were used to measure DNA damage. In addition, the concentration of terbuthylazine and its metabolite in urine and plasma were determined using high performance liquid chromatography with UV diode-array detector (HPLC-UV-DAD). The fraction of terbuthylazine excreted in urine was negligible and was not found in plasma. Deethylterbuthylazine was only compound detected in plasma samples. Exposure to terbuthylazine did not induce significant lipid peroxidation products. The significant changes in antioxidant enzyme activities and the elevated total antioxidant capacity indicated that terbuthylazine at experimental conditions applied has potential to disturb oxidative/antioxidant balance. Results regarding the alkaline comet assay as well as micronucleated reticulocyte frequency indicated that treatment led to low-level DNA instability. Our results call for further research using other sensitive biomarkers of effect, along with different exposure scenarios. (C) 2017 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
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