Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Erlei Shang, Xin Wang, Tinghan Li, Fengfei Guo, Toshiro Ito, Bo Sun
Summary: Research in Arabidopsis has revealed that the protein KNU controls floral meristem termination by binding to the CLV1 and CLV3 loci, repressing their expression, and interacting with WUS to disrupt the maintenance of CLV3 expression, ultimately affecting floral organ development.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Review
Plant Sciences
Doudou Kong, Annette Becker
Summary: Floral meristems are dynamic systems that generate floral organ primordia and can also give rise to additional ring meristems in some species, resulting in polystemous flowers. Research on floral meristem regulation primarily focuses on Arabidopsis thaliana, limiting our understanding of ring meristem function, regulation, and ecological significance. This review aims to provide an overview of the molecular players involved in regulating floral meristem activity and summarize the morphology and occurrence of ring primordia in dicots, offering a first step towards understanding the significance and molecular genetics of ring meristem regulation and evolution.
Review
Plant Sciences
Qingqing Yang, Cunquan Yuan, Tianci Cong, Qixiang Zhang
Summary: The branching phenotype is a crucial agronomic trait of plants, with significance in both fruit trees' yield and the ornamental value of landscape trees and flowers. The regulation of meristem initiation by plant hormones and transcription factors plays a significant role in determining the branching characteristics. However, research on meristem initiation in horticultural plants is limited, and the mechanism of regulation is not well understood. This review summarizes recent progress in understanding the regulatory networks and mechanisms of axillary meristem and floral meristem initiation, and suggests the need for future studies to improve the branching trait in horticultural plants.
Article
Plant Sciences
Kamila Kwasniewska, Caoilfhionn Breathnach, Christina Fitzsimons, Kevin Goslin, Bennett Thomson, Joseph Beegan, Andrea Finocchio, Nathanael Prunet, Diarmuid S. O'Maoileidigh, Frank Wellmer
Summary: In the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, the zinc-finger transcription factor KNUCKLES (KNU) is crucial for terminating floral meristem activity by repressing multiple meristem regulators, including WUSCHEL (WUS) and CLAVATA3 (CLV3).
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Pengfei Hao, Baogang Lin, Yun Ren, Hao Hu, Bowen Xue, Lan Huang, Shuijin Hua
Summary: This study investigated the effects of different nitrogen application rates on the development stages of floral meristem differentiation. It was found that a high nitrogen rate can accelerate the initiation of floral meristem differentiation, with auxin playing an important regulatory role in this process.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Plant Sciences
Ya Min, Elena M. Kramer
Summary: Floral meristem termination (FMT) is a distinctive feature of floral meristems compared to vegetative meristems. The timing of FMT is a crucial factor in determining the number of organs in a flower, and rapid FMT is believed to have played a significant role in angiosperm evolution. Previous research on FMT has mainly focused on model systems with four whorls of organs, leaving little understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying natural variation in FMT timing. This study proposes modifying known pathways and developing new model systems to further explore the genetic control and evolution of FMT.
Article
Plant Sciences
Ya Min, Evangeline S. Ballerini, Molly B. Edwards, Scott A. Hodges, Elena M. Kramer
Summary: Floral meristems have stem cells that ultimately terminate at a specific time point, leading to variations in floral morphological diversity. Investigating the variation in stamen whorl numbers in Aquilegia species provides insights into the genetic basis of floral meristem termination.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Marina Lebedeva, Roman Komakhin, Ludmila Konovalova, Lyubov Ivanova, Vasiliy Taranov, Yuliya Monakhova, Alexey Babakov, Anna Klepikova, Nikolay Zlobin
Summary: In this study, we successfully knocked out the potato homolog (StLFY) of the LEAFY gene using the CRISPR/Cas9 system in tetraploid potatoes, resulting in indeterminate inflorescence development and replacement of flowers with leaf-like structures.
Article
Plant Sciences
Sofia D. Koblova, Paula J. Rudall, Dmitry D. Sokoloff, Dennis W. Stevenson, Margarita V. Remizowa
Summary: This study investigates the developmental morphology and anatomy of Rapateaceae, a plant family with unique inflorescence and gynoecium structures. The research found that this family lacks septal nectaries, but a bird-pollinated tribe within the family possesses a unique non-septal nectary.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Developmental Biology
Ya Min, Stephanie J. Conway, Elena M. Kramer
Summary: In-depth investigation of plant developmental processes requires understanding of molecular networks and cell division patterns. Using live imaging, this study explored the dynamics of floral organ initiation and meristem termination in Aquilegia coengea, revealing distinct patterns and providing crucial information for understanding the spatial-temporal regulation of floral meristem behavior.
Review
Plant Sciences
Nobutoshi Yamaguchi
Summary: This article summarizes the importance of gene regulatory networks in plant reproductive development and discusses the recent advances in utilizing genetic engineering and chemical application to modulate the epigenetic regulation of gene expression.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Feng-Ping Zhang, Jing-Qiu Feng, Jia-Lin Huang, Wei Huang, Xue-Wei Fu, Hong Hu, Shi-Bao Zhang
Summary: By studying slipper orchids Paphiopedilum and Cypripedium, it was found that there is a correlation between floral structures and anatomical traits with floral longevity (FL), with species with lower FL values performing worse in floral traits related to drought tolerance and water retention capacity. The results supported the association between water retention ability in flowers and FL. This provides new insight into the evolutionary relationship of floral traits with transpirational water loss in orchids under natural selection.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Plant Sciences
S. V. Krishna Jagadish, Danielle A. Way, Thomas D. Sharkey
Summary: This article highlights four key areas for improving our understanding of plant heat stress responses: greater integration of results and tools across different approaches, associating plant responses with tissue temperatures, enhancing understanding of how heat stress affects plant reproduction, and integrating heat stress recovery into breeding programs.
PLANT CELL AND ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Biology
Ya Min, Stephanie J. Conway, Elena M. Kramer
Summary: This study presents a detailed protocol for live imaging and quantitative analysis of floral meristem development in Aquilegia coerulea. Using confocal microscopy and image analysis software, the researchers were able to study the cellular growth dynamics during floral organ primordia initiation and the transition from floral meristem proliferation to termination. This protocol provides a powerful tool for studying meristem and floral organ development, and can be easily adapted to other plant lineages, including emerging model systems, to explore questions beyond the scope of common model systems.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jiahui Liang, Ze Wu, Tengfei Xu, Xiaofeng Li, Feng Jiang, Hongqing Wang
Summary: In this study, the regulatory mechanisms of floral initiation and floral organ development in strawberry were investigated. The GATA transcription factor gene, FaHAN, was found to play a crucial role in these processes. Overexpression of FaHAN delayed flowering, resulted in malformed floral organs, and caused abnormal fruit development.
Article
Plant Sciences
Gracielle Pereira Pimenta Braganca, Bruno Garcia Ferreira, Rosy Mary dos Santos Isaias
Summary: The study tested three gall morphotypes induced by Cecidomyiidae on leaflets of Inga ingoides and found that different gall types exhibit differences in cytological and metabolic traits, as well as in the accumulation of primary metabolites. The presence of fungi influences the system but does not define exclusive features for specific gall types, with distinct cytological mechanisms identified for each gall type in terms of food resources availability.
Article
Plant Sciences
Bruno G. Ferreira, Gilson R. P. Moreira, Rene G. S. Carneiro, Rosy M. S. Isaias
Summary: This study provides a detailed description of the morphogenetic changes induced by E. minutanus in the lateral buds of S. engleri. The stages of gall development are associated with the development of specific instars of E. minutanus.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Elaine C. Costa, Denis C. Oliveira, Rosy M. S. Isaias
Summary: The cytological and histochemical features of galls can be changed by parasitoid attack. By studying two tri-trophic systems as models, we found that parasitoids caused distinct cytological responses and had no impact on histochemical profiles of the galls compared to non-parasitized conditions.
Article
Plant Sciences
Elaine C. Costa, Gracielle P. P. Braganca, Igor A. Arriola, Mariana S. C. Freitas, Rosy M. S. Isaias
Summary: Gall structures and their associated host plants exhibit distinctive structural and histochemical adaptations to survive in the challenging environment of restingas. These adaptations include the presence of thick cuticles, the accumulation of polyphenols and lignified cell walls, and the reorganization of host tissues. Different gall development patterns and host tissue modifications facilitate water accumulation and protect the gall inducers against environmental stresses and enemies.
SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Larissa Quirino da Silva, Cristina Moll Huther, Natalia Fernandes Rodrigues, Julia Ramos de Oliveira, Daniela Marques Correia, Bruno Garcia Ferreira, Vitor Francisco Ferreira, Mariana de Oliveira Pereira, Bruna de Carvalho Assuncao, Gabriela Martins Correa, Filipe Rodrigues Valeriano, Leticia Ponticel Nobrega, Daiane Cecchin, Thelma Machado, Silvio Roberto de Lucena Tavares, Carlos Pereira
Summary: This study assessed the morphophysiological responses of comfrey to short-term severe water restriction and found that water deficit affected the growth and metabolism of comfrey plants. However, adjustments in photosynthetic apparatus and increased dry mass productivity indicated a possible adjustment to severe drought.
Article
Biology
Uiara Costa Rezende, Nina de Castro Jorge, Barbara Dolabela, Rosy Mary dos Santos Isaias, Paul Hanson, Denis Coelho de Oliveira
Summary: Piptocarpha macropoda is a plant species that can develop globoid galls induced by insects. These galls can be attacked by parasitoid insects, which have a positive impact on gall size and nutritive cell layers. However, the parasitoid insects do not affect the size of the host insects, indicating an overstimulation on plant cells and tissues by the parasitized insects.
Article
Plant Sciences
Ravena Malheiros Nogueira, Elaine Cotrim Costa, Juliana Santos Silva, Rosy Mary Santos Isaias
Summary: The Caatinga environment imposes constraints on the phenology and development of host plants and their associated galls. The study on the Mimosa tenuiflora-Lopesia mimosae system reveals that phenological synchronism and structural strategies are key for gall survivorship in Caatinga. Phenological strategies involve synchronizing young galls with leaf sprouting in the rainy season and reproducing during gall senescence in the dry season. Structural strategies include tissue reorganization and compartmentalization to adapt to environmental constraints, and the predominance of periclinal cell elongation determines the gall's bivalve shape.
Article
Plant Sciences
Nina de Castro Jorge, Heraldo Luis Vasconcelos, Mariana de Sousa Costa Freitas, Fernando Henrique Aguiar Vale, Rosy Mary dos Santos Isaias
Summary: Research focuses on how senescent globoid stem galls induced by Neolasioptera sp. on Eremanthus erythropappus can still interact with ants and fungi, forming unique ant-nest galls. The anatomical analyses showed that ant activity in the gall chamber may prevent the closing of the exit channel, allowing the invasion of opportunistic fungal hyphae. This interaction among the plant, fungi, and ants leads to tissue responses and the maintenance of the peculiar ant-nest galls.
SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
L. P. Nobrega, B. De Sa-Haiad, B. G. Ferreira
Summary: Intralaminar galls of Meunieriella are the result of ground tissue proliferation in leaves of Avicennia schaueriana, a typical halophytic mangrove. Preferred sites of gall induction were found to be the midribs and secondary veins (SV) at the basal leaf portion, where the galls were largest. The vascular system in galls and adjacent regions was altered to favor water supply in galls, thus increasing their growth.
Article
Plant Sciences
Rayssa Rosa Marquesine de Castro, Pedro Ernandez Ferreira Barbosa, Leonardo Guimaraes Sant'Anna, Caio Marcello da Silva Pereira, Bruno Garcia Ferreira
Summary: Gall-inducing insects stimulate host plants to form distinct structures, like the fusiform galls induced by Clinodiplosis profusa. Infestation rates of these galls are similar in sun and shade plants, but there are differences in cell size and epidermal features between sun and shade galls. In conclusion, gall formation is influenced by galling stimuli, while some developmental processes are influenced by light exposure.
Article
Plant Sciences
Vanessa Lino, Atiles Reis, Yve Canaveze, Murilo Sartarelli Farah, Lana da Silva Sylvestre, Bruno Garcia Ferreira
Summary: Ferns have two types of trichomes, hairs and scales, on their stems and leaves. The morphology and histochemistry of glandular scales in Asplenium spp. were investigated using different species under microscopes. The glandular scales had swollen cells with variable number stalks and secreted mucilage, pectins, phenolics, essential oils, and oleoresins. These secretions may provide resistance to desiccation, protection against herbivores and pathogens. Species and habits of the ferns influenced the secretory composition of the scales.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Leticia Ponticel Nobrega, Barbara de Sa Haiad, Bruno Garcia Ferreira
Summary: Leaf-galling Eriophyidae can cause simple or complex alterations in the host plants' organs. Hairy galls on Avicennia schaueriana were found to occur mostly at the apical portion of the leaves and leaf margins. The gall anatomy showed influence on epidermal features and complex changes in abaxial epidermal cells close to feeding sites of the inducer. The gall size was mainly influenced by the number of inducers per gall, rather than the position in the leaves.
Article
Biology
Vinicius Coelho Kuster, Joao Custodio Fernandes Cardoso, Ana Silvia Franco Pinheiro Moreira, Rosy Mary dos Santos Isaias, Denis Coelho de Oliveira
Summary: This study evaluated oxidative stress, photochemical parameters, and pigment contents in four leaf galls caused by different galling insects on Aspidosperma spp. It was found that different galling systems have underlying mechanisms that impact gall tissues.
Article
Microbiology
Joao C. M. Dornelas, Marliete C. Costa, Paulo H. F. Carmo, Vivian M. Paixao, Vanessa S. D. Carvalho, Leilane C. Barreto, Queila S. Garcia, Gracielle P. P. Braganca, Rosy M. S. Isaias, Julio C. M. Brito, Maria A. Resende-Stoianoff, Daniel A. Santos
Summary: This study developed a plant model to investigate the interaction between Cryptococcus gattii and plants. The results showed that C. gattii can grow in plants without causing pathological effects. N. benthamiana exhibited higher proliferation of C. gattii, accompanied by an increase in hydrogen peroxide content, antioxidant system activity, and indoleacetic acid production. Colonies of C. gattii recovered from N. benthamiana displayed altered composition and morphology, as well as increased resistance to antifungal drugs. These findings suggest that plants may serve as a potential reservoir and transmission route for C. gattii.
FEMS MICROBIOLOGY ECOLOGY
(2022)