Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yapeng Su, Dan Yuan, Daniel G. Chen, Rachel H. Ng, Kai Wang, Jongchan Choi, Sarah Li, Sunga Hong, Rongyu Zhang, Jingyi Xie, Sergey A. Kornilov, Kelsey Scherler, Ana Jimena Pavlovitch-Bedzyk, Shen Dong, Christopher Lausted, Inyoul Lee, Shannon Fallen, Chengzhen L. Dai, Priyanka Baloni, Brett Smith, Venkata R. Duvvuri, Kristin G. Anderson, Jing Li, Fan Yang, Caroline J. Duncombe, Denise J. McCulloch, Clifford Rostomily, Pamela Troisch, Jing Zhou, Sean Mackay, Quinn DeGottardi, Damon H. May, Ruth Taniguchi, Rachel M. Gittelman, Mark Klinger, Thomas M. Snyder, Ryan Roper, Gladys Wojciechowska, Kim Murray, Rick Edmark, Simon Evans, Lesley Jones, Yong Zhou, Lee Rowen, Rachel Liu, William Chour, Heather A. Algren, William R. Berrington, Julie A. Wallick, Rebecca A. Cochran, Mary E. Micikas, Terri Wrin, Christos J. Petropoulos, Hunter R. Cole, Trevan D. Fischer, Wei Wei, Dave S. B. Hoon, Nathan D. Price, Naeha Subramanian, Joshua A. Hill, Jennifer Hadlock, Andrew T. Magis, Antoni Ribas, Lewis L. Lanier, Scott D. Boyd, Jeffrey A. Bluestone, Helen Chu, Leroy Hood, Raphael Gottardo, Philip D. Greenberg, Mark M. Davis, Jason D. Goldman, James R. Heath
Summary: Post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC) is an emerging global crisis, and the quantifiable risk factors and biological associations are not well understood. In this study, a deep multi-omic investigation was conducted on 309 COVID-19 patients, and four PASC-anticipating risk factors were identified at the time of initial diagnosis. The study also observed changes in immune states during recovery from COVID-19.
Article
Fisheries
Xiudan Xu, Ling Liu, Jixing Feng, Xuepeng Li, Jian Zhang
Summary: This study revealed the suppressed anti-viral immune-related pathways during megalocytivirus infection, and identified a set of potential immune genes/pathways targeted by the virus. This provides valuable resources for investigating the molecular mechanisms of immune defense and viral immune escape.
FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Thomas Plum, Rebecca Binzberger, Robin Thiele, Fuwei Shang, Daniel Postrach, Candice Fung, Marina Fortea, Nathalie Stakenborg, Zheng Wang, Anke Tappe-Theodor, Tanja Poth, Duncan A. A. MacLaren, Guy Boeckxstaens, Rohini Kuner, Claudia Pitzer, Hannah Monyer, Cuiyan Xin, Joseph V. Bonventre, Satoshi Tanaka, David Voehringer, Pieter Vanden Berghe, Jessica Strid, Thorsten B. Feyerabend, Hans-Reimer Rodewald
Summary: The physiological functions of mast cells are not well understood. Mast cells are involved in type 2 immunity and promote allergic diseases through the interaction with immunoglobulin E (IgE). However, allergic symptoms may also facilitate the elimination of allergens, toxins, and parasites and trigger future antigen avoidance. In this study, mast cells were found to be crucial for antigen-specific avoidance behavior in inbred mice. This behavior prevented immune activation and inflammation in the stomach and small intestine. Antigen avoidance was dependent on IgE and regulated by Th2 cytokines in the immunization phase and by IgE in the execution phase. Mucosal mast cells quickly detected the ingestion of antigens. Multiple signaling pathways between mast cells and the brain were identified. Inhibition of leukotriene synthesis impaired avoidance, but no single pathway interruption completely abolished it, suggesting complex regulation. Overall, antigen avoidance mediated by mast cells may play an important role in preventing immunopathology and repeated ingestion of toxins.
Review
Immunology
Qiuning Liu, Saima Kausar, Yingyu Tang, Wuren Huang, Boping Tang, Muhammad Nadeem Abbas, Lishang Dai
Summary: The STING signaling pathway plays a crucial role in sensing and responding to microbial infections in insects and other animal cells. Understanding its regulation and the strategies used by microbial pathogens to evade this pathway is important for combating infections.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Dawei Liu, Krystal K. Lum, Nicholas Treen, Corazon T. Nunez, Jinhang Yang, Timothy R. Howard, Michael Levine, Ileana M. Cristea
Summary: IFI16 is an important sensor of nuclear pathogenic DNA that initiates innate immune responses through liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) and suppresses viral transcription. Phosphorylation of multiple sites within the intrinsically disordered region (IDR) of IFI16 combinatorially activates LLPS, enabling its filamentation and decoupling of immune signaling from viral transcription repression. These findings demonstrate how IFI16 achieves switch-like phase transitions with temporal resolution and reveal the multi-layered regulation of nuclear DNA sensors.
NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Weina Guo, Xin Zhou, Xiaoran Li, Qingfeng Zhu, Jing Peng, Bin Zhu, Xin Zheng, Yinping Lu, Dongliang Yang, Baoju Wang, Junzhong Wang
Summary: Depleting gut microbiota with antibiotics can impair gut barrier function and suppress T cell antiviral immune response in the liver.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Veronica Ayechu-Muruzabal, Bente Poelmann, Alinda J. Berends, Nienke Kettelarij, Johan Garssen, Belinda van't Land, Linette E. M. Willemsen
Summary: This study explores the protective capacity of bioactive components in human milk against viral infections in early life, specifically in the prevention of enteric viral infections. The effects of 2'FL, abundantly present in human milk, on intestinal epithelial cells (IEC) and innate immune cells were studied, shedding light on mucosal host-defense mechanisms upon viral triggers.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Anne Cortleven, Venja M. Roeber, Manuel Frank, Jonas Bertels, Vivien Lortzing, Gerrit T. S. Beemster, Thomas Schmuelling
Summary: Photoperiod stress causes transcriptional reprogramming resembling plant pathogen defense responses and induces systemic acquired resistance (SAR) in the absence of a pathogen.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Diana Ivonne Duarte-Mata, Mario Cesar Salinas-Carmona
Summary: Intracellular bacteria cause difficult-to-resolve infections, and standard therapy antibiotics are often ineffective due to poor cellular uptake. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) show promise as a therapeutic approach because of their bactericidal properties and ability to modulate immune responses. This review focuses on AMPs used to treat intracellular bacterial infections and their impact on immune mechanisms.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ouyang Gang, Le Yuan, Xiao-Qin Xia, Wanting Zhang, Mijuan Shi
Summary: It has been found that in the early stages of virus infection, fish pattern recognition receptors are the first to identify viruses and initiate innate immune responses. Through infecting larval zebrafish with different viruses and analyzing gene expression profiles, it was discovered that viral infection leads to a large amount of protein synthesis and sterol synthesis, while downregulating immune-related genes and upregulating rare key immune genes IRF3 and IRF7. This study suggests that viral infection can induce stress on the endoplasmic reticulum, suppress the immune system, and trigger the fish's innate immunological response through the activation of IRF3 and IRF7.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Naoyuki Fuse, Chisaki Okamori, Ryoma Okaji, Chang Tang, Kikuko Hirai, Shoichiro Kurata
Summary: Immune memory is the ability of organisms to activate enhanced immune responses upon secondary infection. This study established an experimental system in Drosophila to detect innate immune memory. Training infection with low-pathogenic bacteria increased the survival rate of flies upon challenge infection with high-pathogenic bacteria. RNA sequencing analysis revealed that different bacteria have different mechanisms of action and that the gene Ada2b is involved in innate immune memory.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Lindsey S. Roberts, Abigail B. Feuka, Erin Muths, Bennett M. Hardy, Larissa L. Bailey
Summary: Individual identification is crucial for long-term studies, but minimizing handling time is important to reduce impacts on populations. Researchers need to weigh the tradeoff between initial and subsequent handling times to design effective marking strategies.
ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS
(2021)
Article
Virology
Qin Wang, Yanan Liu, Jinzhuo Luo, Shangqing Yang, Lu Wang, Yinping Lu, Xuemei Feng, Xuecheng Yang, Kathrin Sutter, Ulf Dittmer, Mengji Lu, Xin Zheng, Dongliang Yang, Jia Liu
Summary: Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is characterized by a lack of effective adaptive immune responses. This study aimed to characterize the dynamics of adaptive immunity during the early phase of chronic HBV infection. The researchers used a mouse model to compare the features of adaptive immunity in chronic versus acute-resolving HBV replication. They found that there were differences in the frequencies, phenotypes, and function of antigen-presenting cells and T cells in the spleen, peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and liver of chronic and acute-resolving HBV replication. The findings suggest that dysfunction of dendritic cells may contribute to the paucity of T cell activation and subsequent migration and liver infiltration seen in chronic HBV infection.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Shanwei Li, Yingjie Liu, Bolun Li, Lu Ding, Xiaofeng Wei, Peng Wang, Zhongxiang Chen, Shicheng Han, Tianqing Huang, Bingqian Wang, Yanchun Sun
Summary: Global warming has restricted the development of rainbow trout aquaculture. Heat stress induces physiological changes in the liver of rainbow trout, including immune responses and oxidative stress. After temperature recovery, the hepatic functions of fish gradually return to normal.
ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Paulina Zelechowska, Ewa Brzezinska-Blaszczyk, Sylwia Rozalska, Justyna Agier, Elzbieta Kozlowska
Summary: The study found that fungal mannan can activate mast cells to produce various anti-fungal responses mediated through TLR4, affecting the course of the immune response.
JOURNAL OF LEUKOCYTE BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Anne Beemelmanns, Laia Ribas, Dafni Anastasiadi, Javier Moraleda-Prados, Fabio S. Zanuzzo, Matthew L. Rise, A. Kurt Gamperl
Summary: The study shows that exposure to high temperature or a combination of high temperature and hypoxia can induce changes in DNA methylation in Atlantic salmon. Different environmental conditions may lead to distinct epigenetic signatures, which are closely related to the duration of stress exposure.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Biology
Robine H. J. Leeuwis, Fabio S. Zanuzzo, Ellen F. C. Peroni, A. Kurt Gamperl
Summary: Research suggests that hypoxia may impair fish cardiac and metabolic responses to increased temperatures, potentially making coastal species more vulnerable to climate change-related heat waves than previously thought. Moreover, the limited cross-tolerance and physiological plasticity in fish following hypoxia acclimation highlight the need for further study in this area.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Anne Beemelmanns, Fabio S. Zanuzzo, Xi Xue, Rebeccah M. Sandrelli, Matthew L. Rise, A. Kurt Gamperl
Summary: Increasing temperature to 20 degrees C alone, and in combination with hypoxia, resulted in differential expression of genes involved in similar pathways in Atlantic salmon. However, heat shock and immune-related genes in fish exposed to 20 degrees C and hypoxia were more affected, and strongly related to phenotypic characteristics such as growth. This study provides valuable information on how environmental challenges affect the expression of stress-, metabolic- and immune-related genes in fish, identifying potential biomarker genes for fish health and welfare improvement.
Article
Fisheries
Joao Fernando Albers Koch, Carlos Alberto Ferreira de Oliveira, Fabio Sabbadin Zanuzzo
Summary: The study found that regardless of the administration period (15 to 45 days), β-glucan enhanced innate immune responses and disease resistance in Nile tilapia, with the protective effect lasting up to 10 days post-feeding trial. Additionally, longer administration did not lead to immunosuppression as previously thought, but rather promoted growth and immune performance.
FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Camila de Fatima Pereira de Faria, Claudia Bueno dos Reis Martinez, Leonardo Susumu Takahashi, Mariana Maluli Marinho de Mello, Talisia Pereira Martins, Elisabeth Criscuolo Urbinati
Summary: The study found that stress leads to a transient reduction in innate immune system activity and activates hemolytic activity of the complement system, as well as increases lysozyme concentration. Additionally, stress induces oxidative stress in the liver, and modulates the antioxidant system differently under different conditions by enhancing SOD activity while impairing CAT and GSH-Px activity.
FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Fisheries
Allana Feitoza da Silva, Eduardo Pahor Filho, Ligia Uribe Goncalves, Thiago Fernandes Alves Silva, Elisabeth Criscuolo Urbinati
AQUACULTURE RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Fisheries
Cristiane Meldau de Campos, Fabio Sabaddin Zanuzzo, Rodrigo Yukihiro Gimbo, Gisele Cristina Favero, Michelly Pereira Soares, Fabiana Pilarski, Elisabeth Criscuolo Urbinati
Summary: Inulin supplementation in juvenile pacu fish was found to reduce stress response and enhance innate immune responses, potentially improving the health of farmed fish. This study demonstrated the positive effects of inulin on fish immunity and stress management.
AQUACULTURE RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Iuri Moraes Neyrao, Jaqueline Dalbello Biller, Leonardo Susumu Takahashi, Elisabeth Criscuolo Urbinati
Summary: The study investigated the effects of oral hydrocortisone and acute stressor on stress, immune responses, and antioxidant system responses in juvenile Piaractus mesopotamicus. The findings showed that exposure to stressor and HC impacted circulating glucose, cortisol levels, and immune responses, while differences in biomarkers indicated that exogenous hormone was unable to precisely replicate stress responses.
COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY A-MOLECULAR & INTEGRATIVE PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Fisheries
Fabio S. Zanuzzo, Rebeccah M. Sandrelli, Ellen de Fatima C. Peroni, Jennifer R. Hall, Matthew L. Rise, Anthony K. Gamperl
Summary: This study investigates the effects of antibiotics on the immune system of Atlantic salmon and finds that commonly used antibiotics do not substantially impact the fish's immune responses.
FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Lyda Caballero Mendez, Luz Natalia Franco Montoya, Margarita Maria Mazo, Juan Carlos Sepulveda, Esteban Valencia, Tatiana Portilla, Leandro Restrepo
Summary: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of M. haemofelis infection and associated risk factors in domestic felines in Pereira, Colombia. Analysis of blood samples from 104 cats revealed a high infection rate, with a significant correlation between age and infection.
REVISTA DE INVESTIGACIONES VETERINARIAS DEL PERU
(2022)
Article
Fisheries
Eric H. Ignatz, Rebeccah M. Sandrelli, Sean M. Tibbetts, Stefanie M. Colombo, Fabio S. Zanuzzo, Ashley M. Loveless, Christopher C. Parrish, Matthew L. Rise, A. Kurt Gamperl
Summary: This study examined the effects of adding dietary cholesterol on salmon production at elevated temperatures. The results showed that adding cholesterol did not significantly affect thermal maximum, growth, or stress response in the fish. However, it had a small negative impact on survival and fillet bleaching. Nevertheless, the study also found that less than 5% of the female triploid Atlantic salmon used in the study died before temperatures reached 22°C, suggesting the possibility of producing all female populations of reproductively sterile salmon that can tolerate summer temperatures.
AQUACULTURE NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Fisheries
Camila de Fatima Pereira de Faria, Allan Emilio Piedade, Elisabeth Criscuolo Urbinati
Summary: The sustainability of aquaculture is affected by environmental changes, such as temperature fluctuations, which can disrupt the physiological balance of fish. In this study, we assessed the stress, immune, and antioxidant responses of pacu exposed to sudden temperature drops commonly experienced in pacu farming regions. The results showed that pacu exhibited immune activation and oxidative stress in response to the temperature drop, but was able to activate compensatory mechanisms to mitigate tissue damage. This study provides valuable insights for pacu management during periods of thermal changes.
AQUACULTURE INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
John Edisson Munoz-Zuluaga, Julian Andres Monroy-Hurtado, Julian David Munoz-Duque, Luz Natalia Franco-Montoya, Lynda Tamayo-Arango
Summary: This study describes the gross anatomy and histology of the digestive apparatus in four species from the hummingbird family. The hummingbird's alimentary canal is very short, and they have a unique dorsal crop and ventriculus. The intestine has a well-differentiated duodenum and jejunum. In addition, the liver is composed of two lobes and no gall bladder is observed, while the pancreas is a diffused organ forming islets related to all the small intestines.
ANATOMIA HISTOLOGIA EMBRYOLOGIA
(2023)