Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Pauline Kang, Vinod Maseedupally, Paul Gifford, Helen Swarbrick
Summary: This study aimed to characterize the changes in corneal refractive power (CRP) during orthokeratology (OK) along the principal corneal meridians. Results showed significant reductions in CRP at the central 4 mm of the cornea, while an increase in CRP was observed in the paracentral zone. The study suggests that peripheral defocus changes after OK may be greater than central corneal power reduction, and CPC power ratios could be used as an alternative method to estimate peripheral defocus.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Weiwei Lu, Guanxin Song, Yuhan Zhang, Yan Lian, Ke Ma, Qingqing Lu, Yiyu Jin, Yang Zhao, Shuyu Zhang, Fan Lv, Wanqing Jin
Summary: Changes in optical quality and visual function were assessed in children after 3 months of wearing orthokeratology (OK) lenses. The use of OK lenses improved optical quality parameters, but had an opposite effect on the objective scattering index (OSI). Visual function remained largely unchanged. Therefore, close attention should be paid to the deterioration of optical quality and visual function during the initial month of OK treatment.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Cho Kwong Charlie Lam, Jiafeng Weng, Kai Liu, Jian Hang
Summary: Shading effectively reduces heat stress and is a viable alternative to urban greenery. The influence of shading devices on microclimate and illuminance needs further investigation through observation and simulation.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Jihyun Park, Vivian Loftness, Azizan Aziz, Tsung-Hsien Wang
Summary: The study found that having an outside view at workstations can increase satisfaction by 20% on average, upgrading ceiling light fixtures with an indirect lens type can enhance visual satisfaction, and combining indirect light fixtures with task lights can increase user satisfaction by 21%.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Review
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Stefano Riffelli
Summary: This study aimed to review the various factors influencing global comfort, resulting in 27 studies with 26 different weightings and 9 global comfort indices. The research focused on green buildings and smart homes, emphasizing the importance of understanding the best aspects shared by recent literature. The study also highlighted the potential for improving indoor global comfort index through the use of artificial intelligence algorithms.
Article
Ophthalmology
Liyuan Sun, Xuewei Li, Heng Zhao, Yan Li, Kai Wang, Jia Qu, Mingwei Zhao
Summary: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between patients' baseline biometric factors or lens parameters and the diameter of the treatment zone in young myopic children undergoing Corneal Refractive Therapy. Retrospective review of data from patients undergoing Corneal Refractive Therapy lens treatment within two years was conducted. Results showed that spherical refraction, flat keratometric reading, Reverse Zone Depth 2, Landing Zone Angle 1, and lens diameter were independent factors of treatment zone diameter. Logistic regression analysis accurately predicted the treatment zone size with a 71.5% accuracy.
CONTACT LENS & ANTERIOR EYE
(2023)
Review
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Amir Faraji, Maria Rashidi, Fatemeh Rezaei, Payam Rahnamayiezekavat
Summary: Occupant comfort is crucial in building design, and there is a growing interest in this area. This study provides a comprehensive review of occupant comfort in buildings, emphasizing its impact on lifestyle, health, and productivity. The review reveals that comfort models used in research are often based on experimental studies and may not fully reflect user preferences.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Zengying Wang, Zuocheng Wang, Yifei Meng, Pengfei Wang, Shaniya Yibulayin, Bohua Jiang, Xufei Bian, Tianya Gao, Zhipeng Yan
Summary: The aim of this study was to investigate the changes in posterior corneal surface after 12 months of orthokeratology (ortho-k) treatment. Medical records of 37 Chinese children who wore ortho-k lenses over 12 months were reviewed. The results showed that the anterior corneal surface was significantly changed by ortho-k lens, while the posterior corneal surface did not show any changes during the 12-month follow up. Additionally, the anterior chamber depth, lens thickness, and ocular axis length were significantly changed during this period.
Article
Ophthalmology
Yujing Li, Heng Zhao, Yuzhuo Fan, Jie Hu, Siying Li, Kai Wang, Mingwei Zhao
Summary: Objective of this study was to estimate the original corneal curvature after orthokeratology using a machine learning-based algorithm. Two machine learning models were established, and Bagging Tree performed the best in predicting K1 and K2. Machine learning can be applied to predict corneal curvature, providing a reference for patients who cannot provide initial corneal parameters.
CONTACT LENS & ANTERIOR EYE
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Raul Berto, Francesca Tintinaglia, Paolo Rosato
Summary: The study highlights the importance of indoor comfort on people's quality of life and values. It reveals that thermal comfort is the aspect that people are willing to pay the highest price for, indicating a high level of appreciation for indoor comfort.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Bobeck S. Modjtahedi, Richard L. Abbott, Donald S. Fong, Flora Lum, Donald Tan
Summary: The AAO established the Task Force on Myopia in 2019 to address the global increase in myopia prevalence and its associated complications. Led by recognized experts from various fields, the Task Force aims to formulate an action plan to improve the issue from different perspectives.
Review
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Nishant Raj Kapoor, Ashok Kumar, Tabish Alam, Anuj Kumar, Kishor S. Kulkarni, Paolo Blecich
Summary: Research on Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ) in Indian school classrooms has been lacking organization and comprehensive methodology, hindering the assessment and improvement of IEQ parameters. Future research should focus on integrating current conditions with advancements in technology and addressing the impact of factors like the COVID-19 pandemic and Artificial Intelligence on IEQ in educational settings.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Jia'an Niu, Bo Liang, Shiyong He, Can Qin, Jinghang Xiao
Summary: This study proposes a method to assess and optimize the tunnel lighting quality, taking into consideration factors such as luminance, luminance uniformity, and flicker frequency. The assessment is based on drivers' visual comfort and an optimization model is established. The effectiveness of the method is verified through driving simulation experiments.
TUNNELLING AND UNDERGROUND SPACE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Changfei Li, Li Zeng, Jiaqi Zhou, Bingjie Wang, Zhi Chen
Summary: This retrospective study investigated the relationship between the toricity of dual-axis corneal refractive therapy (CRT) orthokeratology lenses and corneal parameters. The study found a positive correlation between corneal astigmatism and the difference in elevation at 8 mm chord length with CRT lens toricity. The difference in elevation at 8 mm chord length can be used to estimate CRT lens toricity in clinical practice.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Farzam Kharvari, Masoumeh Rostami-Moez
Summary: This study aims to assess students' behavior in adjacent classrooms with different angles of view to uncover factors influencing their use of artificial lighting. The results indicate that factors such as distance from windows, view quality, illuminance levels, and window-to-floor ratio significantly affect students' actions and visual comfort. A trigger-action model is provided based on the findings to help reduce energy consumption in educational buildings.
ENERGY FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
(2021)
Article
Ophthalmology
Carlos Carpena-Torres, Cristina Pastrana, Candela Rodriguez-Pomar, Maria Serramito, Gonzalo Carracedo
Summary: This study aims to evaluate the comfort, visual function, and in vivo wettability after inserting hydrogel and silicone hydrogel contact lenses, as well as to determine the appropriate time for evaluating these parameters. The results showed that comfort, high-contrast visual acuity, and contrast sensitivity significantly improved over time, while in vivo wettability declined. Except for comfort and contrast sensitivity, all the parameters stabilized within 10 minutes after inserting the contact lenses. Additionally, there were differences in in vivo wettability and visual acuity between hydrogel and silicone hydrogel contact lenses.
CONTACT LENS & ANTERIOR EYE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Carlos Carpena-Torres, Jesus Pintor, Fernando Huete-Toral, Alba Martin-Gil, Candela Rodriguez-Pomar, Alejandro Martinez-aguila, Gonzalo Carracedo
Summary: The study demonstrated that artificial tears based on Artemia salina showed significant improvement in tear secretion, tear break-up time, corneal staining, density of Goblet cells, heigh of mucin cloud secreted by these cells, and mRNA levels of IL-1 beta and MMP9 in conjunctival cells compared to hypromellose.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Ophthalmology
Gonzalo Valdes, Maria Romaguera, Maria Serramito, Alejandro Cervino, G. Gonzalo Carracedo
Summary: Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) is a noninvasive imaging technology that can evaluate the morphology of ocular surfaces and their interaction with contact lenses. It provides a faster, safer, and noninvasive imaging method.
CONTACT LENS & ANTERIOR EYE
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Manuel Martin-Gonzalez, Carlos Azcarraga, Alba Martin-Gil, Carlos Carpena-Torres, Pedro Jaen
Summary: The quantusSKIN system, based on deep learning, showed high sensitivity and specificity in distinguishing between benign skin lesions and melanoma in a hospital population, making it a potentially useful screening tool for melanoma detection. The study found that for a diagnostic threshold of 67.33%, the system achieved a sensitivity of 0.691, specificity of 0.802, and accuracy of 0.776.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Maria Serramito, Ana F. Pereira-da-Mota, Carlos Carpena-Torres, Fernando Huete-Toral, Carmen Alvarez-Lorenzo, Gonzalo Carracedo
Summary: The study aimed to synthesize melatonin-eluting contact lenses and evaluate the ocular kinetics of the released melatonin and its effect on tear volume and intraocular pressure.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ana F. Pereira-da-Mota, Maria Vivero-Lopez, Maria Serramito, Luis Diaz-Gomez, Ana Paula Serro, Gonzalo Carracedo, Fernando Huete-Toral, Angel Concheiro, Carmen Alvarez-Lorenzo
Summary: This study designed contact lenses that can sustainedly deliver cholesterol-lowering drugs to the eye, improving efficacy and minimizing systemic side effects. Bioinspired hydrogels were used to release pravastatin, and high hydrostatic pressure sterilization ensured stability. In vitro and in vivo tests demonstrated the release and accumulation of the drug in the eye, with strong correlations found between in vitro and in vivo results.
JOURNAL OF CONTROLLED RELEASE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Francisco Javier Navarro-Gil, Fernando Huete-Toral, Carmen Olalla Dominguez-Godinez, Gonzalo Carracedo, Almudena Crooke
Summary: This study explores the ability of contact lenses to act as a drug delivery system for melatonin analogs and their therapeutic effect. The results show that certain contact lenses have inadequate delivery of melatonin analogs but are more effective in delivering other substances. These findings suggest that contact lenses preloaded with melatonin analogs could be important for treating dry eye disease.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
Maria Serramito-Blanco, Pilar Canadas, Cesar Villa-Collar, Gonzalo Carracedo
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the symptoms and changes in corneal nerve plexus morphology and density of Langerhans cells in keratoconus patients with and without intrastromal corneal ring before and after scleral lens wear. The results showed that wearing scleral lenses improved symptoms and increased the mean nerve length after 6 months of wear use in keratoconus patients. However, no statistical differences were found in nerve density, tortuosity, and ramification.
OPTOMETRY AND VISION SCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Azza Dammak, Cristina Pastrana, Alba Martin-Gil, Carlos Carpena-Torres, Assumpta Peral Cerda, Mirjam Simovart, Pilar Alarma, Fernando Huete-Toral, Gonzalo Carracedo
Summary: The eye is constantly exposed to solar radiations and vulnerable to reactive oxygen species, leading to biomolecular modifications in ocular diseases. Anterior eye segment injury originates from the imbalance of pro-oxidant/antioxidant levels, resulting in increased oxidative damage. Oxidative stress is related to various ocular diseases, such as dry eye, keratoconus, uveitis, and cataract, through mechanisms like inflammation and mitochondrial dysfunction. Biomarkers offer potential for predictive diagnostics of eye diseases. This review analyzes oxidative stress, inflammation, and the importance of biomarkers in anterior ocular diseases.
Article
Ophthalmology
Gonzalo Carracedo, Cristina Pastrana, Maria Rodriguez-Lafora, Maria Serramito, Ana Privado-Aroco, Teresa Maria Espinosa-Vidal, Carlos Carpena-Torresa
Summary: This study examined the agreement between the Eye Refract and traditional subjective refraction methods in young hyperopes. The results showed that the Eye Refract underestimated hyperopia compared to the traditional subjective refraction without cycloplegia. However, there were no significant differences between the two methods under cycloplegic conditions. The Eye Refract also improved corrected distance visual acuity compared to the traditional subjective refraction.
JOURNAL OF OPTOMETRY
(2023)
Article
Biology
Azza Dammak, Juan Sanchez Naves, Fernando Huete-Toral, Gonzalo Carracedo
Summary: Glaucoma, a neurodegenerative disease, is the second leading cause of blindness. This study analyzed the protein concentrations of potential biomarkers in the aqueous humor of glaucoma patients. The results showed significant increases in OPN, MMP-9, TNF-alpha, and IL-10 in the aqueous humor of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) patients compared to the control group. These findings confirm the involvement of inflammatory and oxidative stress pathways in POAG pathophysiology and highlight the importance of biomarkers for diagnosis and disease progression monitoring.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Maria Serramito, Ana Privado-Aroco, Gonzalo Carracedo
Summary: The aim of this study was to analyze the changes in anterior and posterior corneal surface shape and corneal thickness in post-LASIK ectasia subjects wearing scleral lenses. The results showed a significant increase in corneal thickness after 6 and 12 months of wearing scleral lenses. The anterior corneal curvature underwent significant changes in central and peripheral radii, while the posterior corneal curvature showed a significant steepening in the central region. However, high-contrast visual acuity remained unchanged with scleral lens correction. Regular checks of corneal topography and vision quality are recommended for patients wearing scleral lenses.