Article
Infectious Diseases
Ilada Thongpan, Preeyaporn Vichaiwattana, Sompong Vongpunsawad, Yong Poovorawan
Summary: The seasonality and prevalence of HRV and RSV infections among young children in Thailand were altered by the global coronavirus pandemic in 2020. An upsurge of HRV infection began in July and was subsequently replaced by a surge of RSV infection from September onward, peaking in October. The delayed RSV season in 2020 was predominantly associated with RSV-A.
INFLUENZA AND OTHER RESPIRATORY VIRUSES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Cyril Le Nouen, Christine E. Nelson, Xueqiao Liu, Hong-Su Park, Yumiko Matsuoka, Cindy Luongo, Celia Santos, Lijuan Yang, Richard Herbert, Ashley Castens, Ian N. Moore, Temeri Wilder-Kofie, Rashida Moore, April Walker, Peng Zhang, Paolo Lusso, Reed F. Johnson, Nicole L. Garza, Laura E. Via, Shirin Munir, Daniel L. Barber, Ursula J. Buchholz
Summary: This study generated a pediatric SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidate using a live-attenuated parainfluenza virus vector, and evaluated its immunogenicity and protective efficacy in rhesus macaques. The vaccine induced strong mucosal and systemic immune responses, including neutralizing antibodies and T cell responses. Immunized macaques showed undetectable viral replication after challenge. The vaccine will be clinically evaluated as an intranasal vaccine for pediatric use.
Article
Virology
Sebastien Barral, Aline Mamin, Carole Dantin, Stavroula Masouridi-Levrat, Yves Chalandon, Laurent Kaiser, Diem-Lan Vu
Summary: This retrospective observational study found that rhinovirus infections are the most common in allo-HSCT patients, including pre-transplant infections. However, the mortality rate due to pre-transplant RVIs is low.
Article
Hematology
Yae-Jean Kim, Alpana Waghmare, Hu Xie, Leona Holmberg, Steven A. Pergam, Keith R. Jerome, Wendy M. Leisenring, Chikara Ogimi, Angela P. Campbell, Janet A. Englund, Michael Boeckh
Summary: Pretransplant respiratory virus infections have a negative impact on hematopoietic cell transplantation outcomes. The controversy remains regarding the impact and need for delay of transplantation for pretransplant infection with human rhinovirus (HRV) or endemic human coronavirus (HCoV). In this study, it was found that pretransplant upper respiratory tract infection with HRV and endemic HCoV was not associated with increased mortality or fewer days alive and out of hospital (DAOH). However, for allogeneic recipients receiving myeloablative conditioning, lower respiratory tract disease (LRD) due to any respiratory virus, including HRV alone, was associated with increased overall mortality and fewer DAOH.
Article
Immunology
Nitipong Permpalung, Afrah S. Sait, Katrina Bazemore, Robin K. Avery, Joby Mathew, Pali D. Shah
Summary: The study found that lung transplant recipients infected with HMPVi and PIVi had similar baseline characteristics, infection parameters, treatment allocation, and allograft function outcomes. Additionally, one-third of the patients developed CLAD stage progression within 1 year post-infection.
Article
Immunology
C. Garrett Rappazzo, Ching-Lin Hsieh, Scott A. Rush, Emma S. Esterman, Teresa Delgado, James C. Geoghegan, Anna Z. Wec, Mrunal Sakharkar, Vicente Mas, Jason S. McLellan, Laura M. Walker
Summary: In this study, the B cell responses to hMPV were investigated using high-throughput single-cell technology, and rare and highly potent broadly neutralizing antibodies targeting specific epitopes were identified. Additionally, monotherapy with neutralizing antibodies targeting different antigenic sites showed effective protection against lower respiratory tract infection. This study provides promising monoclonal antibody candidates for passive immunoprophylaxis and informs the design of hMPV vaccines.
Article
Immunology
Chun Yi Lee, Chia Hsin Sung, Meng Che Wu, Yu Chuan Chang, Jih Chin Chang, Yu Ping Fang, Nancy M. Wang, Teh Ying Chou, Yu Jiun Chan
Summary: This study investigated the clinical characteristics and cytokines/chemokines profiles among respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), rhinovirus (RV), and their dual infection in Taiwanese children with viral bronchiolitis. The findings revealed that RV bronchiolitis had comparable severity to RSV but was more common in older children with a history of recurrent wheezing and blood eosinophilia. Different viral infections elicited characteristic clinical presentations and immune profiles in bronchiolitis. The study also highlighted the role of the IL-33/IL-31 axis in the immunopathogenesis of bronchiolitis.
JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY IMMUNOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Jonathan M. Mansbach, Ruth J. Geller, Kohei Hasegawa, Pedro A. Piedra, Vasanthi Avadhanula, James E. Gern, Yury A. Bochkov, Janice A. Espinola, Ashley F. Sullivan, Carlos A. Camargo
Summary: This study found that infants with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) at hospitalization followed by a new rhinovirus (RV) infection had the highest risk of recurrent wheezing among severe bronchiolitis cases.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Review
Allergy
Niek B. Achten, Annemarie M. C. van Rossum, Leonard B. Bacharier, Anne M. Fitzpatrick, Tina Hartert
Summary: This article examines the impact of early-life viral infections on the lung and immune systems and focuses on the causal relationship between early-life viral infections and asthma. The article calls for a shift in research focus towards improving patient outcomes in the spectrum of respiratory diseases.
JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY-IN PRACTICE
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Pekka Hurme, Miisa Komulainen, Marleena Tulkki, Annamari Leino, Beate Ruckert, Riitta Turunen, Tytti Vuorinen, Mubeccel Akdis, Cezmi A. Akdis, Tuomas Jartti
Summary: The cytokine profiles of Rhinovirus (RV) and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)-induced first wheezing episode differ, with higher cytokine expression and longer hospitalization time in the RSV group. In the RV group, increased expression of I-309 (CCL1) and TARC is associated with fewer relapses.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Sheila F. Lumley, Nicholas Richens, Emily Lees, Jack Cregan, Elizabeth Kalimeris, Sarah Oakley, Marcus Morgan, Shelley Segal, Moya Dawson, A. Sarah Walker, David W. Eyre, Derrick W. Crook, Sally Beer, Alex Novak, Nicole E. Stoesser, Philippa C. Matthews
Summary: The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic had a significant impact on the incidence of paediatric viral respiratory tract infection in Oxfordshire, UK. The findings have implications for clinical service demand, testing strategies, timing of palivizumab RSV prophylaxis, and the effectiveness of public health interventions in preventing respiratory virus infections.
JOURNAL OF INFECTION
(2022)
Article
Virology
Aili Cui, Zhibo Xie, Jing Xu, Kongxin Hu, Runan Zhu, Zhong Li, Yan Li, Liwei Sun, Xingyu Xiang, Baoping Xu, Rongbo Zhang, Zhenguo Gao, Yan Zhang, Wenbo Xu
Summary: A comparative analysis was conducted to describe the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of human influenza virus (HIFV), human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV), and human metapneumovirus (HMPV). HIFV infection mainly occurred in adults, while HRSV and HMPV infections were more common in children. HRSV and HMPV had similar clinical manifestations, while HIFV mainly presented as upper respiratory infection. Coinfection with these viruses may increase the risk of pneumonia in HIFV cases. The positive rates and seasonal patterns of these viruses changed during the COVID-19 pandemic.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Allergy
Orianne Dumas, Riku Erkkola, Eija Bergroth, Kohei Hasegawa, Jonathan M. Mansbach, Pedro A. Piedra, Tuomas Jartti, Carlos A. Camargo
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the association between severe bronchiolitis profiles identified by clustering and childhood asthma. The results showed that children with a history of wheezing and/or eczema and rhinovirus infection had a higher risk of developing childhood asthma.
JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Sergio de Jesus Romero-Tapia, Crystell Guadalupe Guzman Priego, Blanca E. Del-Rio-Navarro, Manuel Sanchez-Solis
Summary: This review summarizes the close association between viral infection and the onset, progression, and exacerbation of asthma, discussing related protective and risk factors, as well as treatment options. It also presents recent research on the innate immunological pathways and changes in the epithelial barrier. The review emphasizes the importance of genetics and epigenetics in asthma and virus susceptibility, and describes the involvement of viral etiology in bronchiolitis, childhood wheezing, and asthma. The most frequently related respiratory viruses and their mechanisms of action are mentioned.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Virology
Erwan Sallard, Frank Schult, Carolin Baehren, Eleni Buedding, Olivier Mboma, Parviz Ahmad-Nejad, Beniam Ghebremedhin, Anja Ehrhardt, Stefan Wirth, Malik Aydin
Summary: Respiratory viruses play a significant role in exacerbating asthma, and human rhinovirus (HRV) infection is a strong biomarker for exacerbation.