Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
S. Kothari, N. Bala, A. B. Patel, A. Donovan, V Narayanaswami
Summary: This study investigated the spatial organization of the N- and C-terminal domains in apoE protein and found that the NT domain plays a crucial role in determining the spatial arrangement of the CT domain in HDL. This has significant implications for apoE4, which is associated with increased risk of Alzheimer's disease.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kyung-Hyun Cho, Ji-Eun Kim, Hyo-Seon Nam, Dae-Jin Kang, Seung-Hee Baek
Summary: This study synthesized reconstituted high-density lipoproteins (rHDL) containing policosanol from different countries and compared their physiological properties. Cuban policosanol exhibited the most desirable properties, including the largest particle size, the strongest anti-glycation, and the highest antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kyung-Hyun Cho, Seung Hee Baek, Hyo-Seon Nam, Ji-Eun Kim, Dae-Jin Kang, Hyejee Na, Seonggeun Zee
Summary: Policosanols from different sources have been marketed for their potential to prevent dyslipidemia, diabetes, and hypertension by increasing HDL-C levels. However, there has been no study on how each policosanol influences the quality and functionality of HDL particles. This study compared the effects of different policosanols on lipoprotein metabolism using reconstituted HDLs in vitro and in zebrafish embryos.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kwok-Leung Ong, Blake J. Cochran, Bikash Manandhar, Shane Thomas, Kerry-Anne Rye
Summary: This article discusses the regulation of the biogenesis of discoidal and spherical HDLs and the mechanistic basis of their size and compositional heterogeneity. It also addresses the current understanding of the impact of HDLs of varying size and composition on the therapeutic potential in several disease states.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR AND CELL BIOLOGY OF LIPIDS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kyung-Hyun Cho, Hyo-Seon Nam, Seung-Hee Baek, Dae-Jin Kang, Hyejee Na, Tomohiro Komatsu, Yoshinari Uehara
Summary: This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of 20 mg of Cuban policosanol in blood pressure and lipid/lipoprotein parameters of healthy Japanese subjects. After 12 weeks, the policosanol group showed significantly lower blood pressure, glycated hemoglobin, and blood urea nitrogen levels. The group also showed improved hepatic functions and HDL functionalities.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Colin A. Fox, Anthony Moschetti, Robert O. Ryan
Summary: Research on pre beta HDL and rHDL has advanced our understanding of Reverse Cholesterol Transport pathway. rHDL can be easily generated in vitro, leading to novel applications such as promoting regression of atherosclerosis and delivering hydrophobic bioactive molecules. This technology is still in its early stages, with the full potential of these nanoparticles yet to be discovered.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR AND CELL BIOLOGY OF LIPIDS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kyung-Hyun Cho
Summary: The study demonstrates the physiological effects of alpha-synuclein on lipoprotein metabolism, showing its weaker phospholipid-binding ability compared to apoA-I. Incorporation of alpha-syn in reconstituted HDL affects the alpha-helicity and functionality of apoA-I, with potential destabilization of the secondary structure.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Knut Tore Lappegard, Christian Abendstein Kjellmo, Anders Hovland
Summary: HDL is a diverse group of plasma molecules with varying lipid content and protein composition. Understanding the function of specific HDL subgroups and their clinical relevance is of increasing interest in relation to coronary heart disease risk. Pharmacologically manipulating beneficial and harmful HDL subgroups may potentially reduce CHD risk in the future.
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Ayiguli Abudukeremu, Canxia Huang, Hongwei Li, Runlu Sun, Xiao Liu, Xiaoying Wu, Xiangkun Xie, Jingjing Huang, Jie Zhang, Jinlan Bao, Yuling Zhang
Summary: HDL/apoA-1 replacement therapies do not significantly decrease arterial atheroma volume in humans with acute coronary syndrome, but they are associated with decreased lesion area in mice experiments. Further studies are needed to understand the differences in efficacy between humans and animals.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Irina N. Gorshkova, Nathan L. Meyers, Haya Herscovitz, Xiaohu Mei, David Atkinson
Summary: Population studies have found a strong association between the natural human apoA-I variant apoA-I[K107del] and low HDL-C but normal apoA-I levels. This variant has unique properties, including faster adsorption to lipid surfaces, greater surface remodeling, and higher surface pressures on compression. These properties lead to increased binding to triglyceride-rich lipoproteins and impaired formation of large HDL particles. These factors contribute to the unusual phenotype associated with atherosclerosis.
JOURNAL OF LIPID RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Aishwarya Sudam Bhale, Krishnan Venkataraman
Summary: Apolipoprotein A1 (APOA1) is a vital protein involved in the production of HDL particles and possesses anti-inflammatory, anti-atherogenic, anti-apoptotic, and antithrombotic properties. Recent research has investigated its potential role in various diseases. Numerous mutations affecting the structure and function of APOA1 have been reported, leading to the development of clinically relevant peptides and synthetic HDL particles. This review provides an organized explanation of APOA1's structure and its involvement in essential pathways, as well as a comprehensive review of important mutations and potential therapeutic applications.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kyung-Hyun Cho
Summary: This article summarizes the changes in the quantity, quality, and functionality of high-density lipoproteins (HDL) in the context of health and disease, and discusses their potential role in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Anna Wolska, Mart Reimund, Denis O. Sviridov, Marcelo J. Amar, Alan T. Remaley
Summary: Since the breakthrough of using insulin to treat diabetic patients in the 1920s, there has been a growing interest in developing various proteins and their peptide mimetics for treating medical disorders. Currently, there are over 60 approved peptides for human use and more than 150 peptides in clinical development. This review mainly focuses on peptide mimetics related to cardiovascular diseases, discussing the biochemistry, design, and clinical trials of peptides based on apoA-I, apoE, and apoC-II, while also addressing the limitations and challenges in developing apolipoprotein mimetic peptides into new drugs.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kyung-Hyun Cho, Hyo-Seon Nam, Dae-Jin Kang, Seonggeun Zee, Min-Hee Park
Summary: Regular exercise, especially aerobic exercise, is beneficial for increasing serum high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) levels in the general population. The optimal intensity and frequency of exercise to increase HDL quantity and enhance HDL quality in middle-aged women need to be determined. This study compared the changes in HDL quantity and quality among middle-aged women depending on exercise intensity, frequency, and duration.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ewa Wieczorek, Agnieszka Cwiklinska, Agnieszka Kuchta, Barbara Kortas-Stempak, Anna Gliwinska, Maciej Jankowski
Summary: The study focused on evaluating the impact of HDL-2 and HDL-3 on VLDL degradation related to hypertriglyceridemia. The findings showed that HDL-3 had a significant effect on the composition and electrophoretic mobility of VLDL, compared to HDL-2.
Editorial Material
Cell Biology
Mudit Mishra, Ilayaraja Muthuramu, Bart De Geest
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Joseph Pierre Aboumsallem, Ilayaraja Muthuramu, Mudit Mishra, Bart De Geest
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2019)
Article
Cell Biology
Ilayaraja Muthuramu, Mudit Mishra, Joseph Pierre Aboumsallem, Andrey Postnov, Olivier Gheysens, Bart De Geest
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mudit Mishra, Ilayaraja Muthuramu, Herman Kempen, Bart De Geest
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2020)
Editorial Material
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Bart De Geest, Mudit Mishra
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE CARDIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mudit Mishra, Bart De Geest
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Bart De Geest, Mudit Mishra
Summary: Oxidative stress plays a key pathophysiological role in the development of heart failure, with gene therapy studies providing evidence of its role in pathological remodeling. Mitochondria serve as the main source of ROS in the myocardium, and redox-sensitive microRNAs are potential therapeutic targets for heart failure treatment.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Bart De Geest, Mudit Mishra
Summary: Type 2 diabetes is a redox disease characterized by oxidative stress and chronic inflammation. The cardiac manifestations of the disease, known as diabetic cardiomyopathy, are primarily caused by mitochondrial overproduction of reactive oxygen species. These species are produced due to intracellular hyperglycemia, increased fatty oxidation, and lipotoxicity in cardiomyocytes. The resulting oxidative distress affects various pathways, leading to cell dysfunction and injury. Animal studies have shown that increasing the expression of antioxidant enzymes can attenuate myocardial pathology and improve cardiac function.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ilayaraja Muthuramu, Mudit Mishra, Bart De Geest
Summary: Murine coronary arteries have high resistance to atherosclerosis, possibly due to their intramyocardial course. In this study, apo E deficient mice underwent transverse aortic constriction (TAC) and displayed advanced atherosclerosis in their left coronary artery, as well as increased cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure compared to control mice. These findings suggest that TAC in apo E deficient mice induces coronary atherosclerosis and exacerbates pathological cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Bart De Geest, Mudit Mishra
Summary: This article reviews the impact of high-density lipoproteins (HDL) on sepsis, highlighting the role of HDL in sequestration and neutralization of inflammatory effects caused by pathogen lipid moieties. HDL also plays a key role in the removal of pathogen-associated lipids from the body. Low HDL cholesterol levels are associated with an adverse prognosis in sepsis. Potential HDL-directed interventions for sepsis treatment include apolipoprotein A-I-based therapies, recombinant phospholipid transfer protein (PLTP), and cholesterol ester transfer protein (CETP) inhibition.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Editorial Material
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Bart De Geest, Mudit Mishra
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE CARDIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Luxi Ji, Mudit Mishra, Bart De Geest
Summary: The use of SGLT2 inhibitors in HFpEF patients as a treatment method is not a significant breakthrough, as the effects are limited to hospitalization for heart failure and do not have convincing effects on metrics of heart failure-related health status. The composite endpoint used in trials, cardiovascular death and hospitalization for heart failure, is not justified as both components have distinct effects from the intervention.
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Bart De Geest, Mudit Mishra
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
