Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Antigona Ulndreaj, Angela Li, Yonghong Chen, Rickvinder Besla, Shaun Pacheco, Marwan G. Althagafi, Myron I. Cybulsky, Thomas Lindsay, Clinton S. Robbins, John S. Byrne
Summary: The study found that aortic macrophage accumulation in abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is primarily caused by adventitial recruitment of Lyve-1(-) macrophages, with a relative depletion of Lyve-1(+) macrophages. Selective targeting of macrophage subtypes may represent a potential novel therapeutic avenue for the medical treatment of AAA.
Article
Biology
Rachel E. Heap, Jose Luis Marin-Rubio, Julien Peltier, Tiaan Heunis, Abeer Dannoura, Adam Moore, Matthias Trost
Summary: The study revealed that L929 cell-conditioned media (LCCM) contains abundant M-CSF and other immunomodulatory proteins, impacting the differentiation of BMDMs, resulting in a stronger anti-inflammatory M1 phenotype.
LIFE SCIENCE ALLIANCE
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Katarzyna Sarad, Monika Stefanska, Izabela Kraszewska, Krzysztof Szade, Judith C. Sluimer, Przemyslaw Blyszczuk, Jozef Dulak, Agnieszka Jazwa-Kusior
Summary: This study analyzed the transcriptome of different Nrf2-deficient macrophage subpopulations from murine atherosclerotic aortas. The results showed that Nrf2 deficiency led to subtype-specific transcriptomic changes associated with inflammation, iron homeostasis, and cell injury or death pathways.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Siddharth Krishnan, Kelly Wemyss, Ian E. Prise, Flora A. McClure, Conor O'Boyle, Hayley M. Bridgeman, Tovah N. Shaw, John R. Grainger, Joanne E. Konkel
Summary: HSPCs were found to reside and differentiate in healthy gingiva, a key oral barrier. Gingival HSPCs exhibited similar characteristics to bone marrow HSPCs but responded differently to inflammatory insults, only responding to oral rather than systemic inflammation.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Radika Soysa, Jonathan C. Bean, Xia Wu, Sarah Lampert, Sebastian Yuen, Ian N. Crispe
Summary: The study revealed that early-derived subsets of cardiac macrophages and Kupffer cells exhibit resilience in the face of acute stress by temporarily losing adaptation to local tissue-specific niches while reasserting their generic myeloid identity.
JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Debby Reuveni, Miriam R. Brezis, Eli Brazowski, Philip Vinestock, Patrick S. C. Leung, Paresh Thakker, M. Eric Gershwin, Ehud Zigmond
Summary: IL-23 plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of PBC, with IL-23 derived from hepatic monocyte-derived macrophages being particularly significant. Studies using a murine model showed that IL-23 produced by specific MNPs contributes to the severity of PBC, suggesting potential for new immune-based therapies for PBC patients.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Yuan Wang, Juanjuan Li, Yulin Xu, Shichong Liao, Junlong Song, Zhiliang Xu, Wen Wei, Shan Zhu
Summary: This study demonstrates that IL-22 deficiency inhibits AAA/AD formation by reducing elastin fragmentation and fibrosis, suppressing M1 macrophage differentiation, alleviating oxidative stress, and preventing smooth muscle cell loss in the aorta.
OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Bastien Dolfi, Alexandre Gallerand, Maria M. Firulyova, Yingzheng Xu, Johanna Merlin, Adelie Dumont, Alexia Castiglione, Nathalie Vaillant, Sandrine Quemener, Heidi Gerke, Marion I. Stunault, Patricia R. Schrank, Seung-Hyeon Kim, Alisha Zhu, Jie Ding, Jerome Gilleron, Virginie Magnone, Pascal Barbry, David Dombrowicz, Christophe Duranton, Abdelilah Wakkach, Claudine Blin-Wakkach, Burkhard Becher, Sophie Pagnotta, Rafael J. Arguello, Pia Rantakari, Svetoslav Chakarov, Florent Ginhoux, Konstantin Zaitsev, Ki-Wook Kim, Laurent Yvan-Charvet, Rodolphe R. Guinamard, Jesse W. Williams, Stoyan Ivanov
Summary: This study reveals the diversity, origin, and function of adrenal gland macrophages using single-cell RNA sequencing and genetic models. The study identifies monocyte-derived and embryonically seeded adrenal gland macrophage populations, as well as a subset of macrophages in females with low MHC II expression. The distribution and functions of adrenal gland macrophages show sex-dimorphic patterns, with MHC IIlow macrophages located at the cortico-medullary junction. Depletion of adrenal gland macrophages leads to altered tissue homeostasis, modulated lipid metabolism, and decreased local aldosterone production during stress exposure.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Miguel A. Bermudez, Julio M. Rubio, Maria A. Balboa, Jesus Balsinde
Summary: This study investigates the metabolic fate of arachidonic acid (AA) pools in macrophages during cellular activation. The membrane phospholipid AA pool is shown to be the major, and possibly the only, source of releasable AA during acute stimulation. However, the AA pool in triacylglycerol is used at a later stage to replenish the phospholipid pools.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Regina L. Binz, Ratan Sadhukhan, Isabelle R. Miousse, Sarita Garg, Igor Koturbash, Daohong Zhou, Martin Hauer-Jensen, Rupak Pathak
Summary: Studies have shown that methionine deficiency inhibits tumor growth, but it can also impact healthy immune cells and increase chromosomal aberrations. In mouse experiments, maintaining a methionine-deficient diet led to more chromosomal aberrations in bone marrow cells. Caution is needed when considering implementing a methionine-deficient diet alongside conventional cancer therapy.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Brian M. Jeong, Matthew T. Walker, Raul Rodriguez, Mackenzie E. Coden, Reina Nagasaka, Ton C. Doan, Yuliya Politanska, Hiam Abdala-Valencia, Sergejs Berdnikovs
Summary: This study reveals the presence of a granulocyte population in murine bone marrow exhibiting characteristics of both neutrophils and eosinophils, which is a surprisingly dominant population that increases with age. These cells have a complex immune profile and hematopoietic flexibility.
JOURNAL OF LEUKOCYTE BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Christina Katharina Weisheit, Jan Lukas Kleiner, Maria Belen Rodrigo, Sven Thomas Niepmann, Sebastian Zimmer, Georg Daniel Duerr, Mark Coburn, Christian Kurts, Stilla Frede, Lars Eichhorn
Summary: The CX3CL1/CX3CR1 axis is essential for recruiting and extravasating leukocytes in cardiovascular inflammation, with its deficiency showing cardioprotective effects in pressure-overload induced heart failure. The absence of CX3CR1 alters the immune response pattern and leads to a shift from a normal to a pro-inflammatory early phase in left ventricular hypertrophy, suggesting it as a potential therapeutic target for ameliorating heart failure.
Article
Immunology
Ulrike Meyer-Lindemann, Carina Mauersberger, Anna-Christina Schmidt, Aldo Moggio, Julia Hinterdobler, Xinghai Li, David Khangholi, Jan Hettwer, Christian Graesser, Alexander Dutsch, Heribert Schunkert, Thorsten Kessler, Hendrik B. Sager
Summary: Studies have shown that colchicine can reduce the number of inflammatory cells in early atherosclerosis in mice, resulting in less inflammatory plaque composition and reduced plaque size. Colchicine prevents expansion of plaque inflammatory leukocytes by lowering recruitment of blood myeloid cells to plaques.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Lena Batoon, Amy J. Koh, Rahasudha Kannan, Laurie K. McCauley, Hernan Roca
Summary: This study introduced a novel inducible caspase-9 (iCasp9) mouse model that allowed targeted cell apoptosis and further investigation of efferocytosis. The unique feature of this model, controlled by any Cre-expressing mouse lines, holds extensive potential applications and provides more insights into the diversity of mechanisms and cellular effects induced by apoptosis.
CELL DEATH & DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Aiko Watanabe, Hiroyuki Koike, Naoki Kumagami, Shigeki Shimba, Ichiro Manabe, Yumiko Oishi
Summary: After a muscle injury, the process of inflammation, repair, and regeneration is controlled by various myeloid cell types. The role of the transcription factor Arntl in this process was investigated using myeloid cell-specific Arntl conditional knockout mice. The study found that Arntl expression in myeloid cells is required for the recruitment of neutrophils and monocytes, thus playing a crucial role in skeletal muscle regeneration.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Review
Dermatology
Prue H. Hart, Mary Norval
Summary: Trans-urocanic acid (trans-UCA) is a major natural moisturizing factor in skin and has immunomodulatory properties that are linked to several skin diseases and systemic diseases. Both trans-UCA and its isomer cis-UCA have therapeutic potential for a range of disorders and may serve as biomarkers for certain diseases.
JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Kate M. Miller, Robyn M. Lucas, Elizabeth A. Davis, Prue H. Hart, Nicholas H. de Klerk
Summary: Serum 25 hydroxyvitamin D levels in pregnant women have been linked to health outcomes in their offspring. Satellite-derived ultraviolet radiation data has been used as a proxy for 25(OH)D levels, with daily UVR dose in the 90 days prior to venesection being a significant predictor of 25(OH)D levels. The study found that NASA-derived daily UVR dose can effectively predict 25(OH)D levels in pregnant women.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Ahlima Roumane, George D. Mcilroy, Arda Balci, Weiping Han, Mirela Delibegovic, Massimiliano Baldassarre, Philip Newsholme, Justin J. Rochford
Summary: Selective Bscl2 deficiency in macrophages does not critically impact the innate immune response to infection. Instead, increased susceptibility to infection in CGL2 patients likely results from severe metabolic disease.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Kyle T. Mincham, Kunjal Panchal, Prue H. Hart, Robyn M. Lucas, Martin Feelisch, Richard B. Weller, Vance B. Matthews, Deborah H. Strickland, Shelley Gorman
Summary: Eating a high-fat diet can impact the proportions of HSPCs and cDCs in BAT and bone marrow; compared to a low-fat diet, a high-fat diet significantly reduces myeloid progenitors in iBAT.
IMMUNOLOGY AND CELL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Karina Romeu Montenegro, Milene Amarante Pufal, Philip Newsholme
Summary: Vitamin D has positive effects on muscle development at the cell and animal levels, but its impact on muscle in the ageing population is inconclusive according to human studies. Well-designed trials and standardized measurements are needed for accurate comparison across different experimental models.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Philip Newsholme
Summary: Various nutrients have the ability to alter cell structure, metabolism, and function, especially crucial for immune system cells. Glucose, amino acids, fatty acids, and vitamin D are believed to play key roles in immune cell function and fate. Recent research highlights the importance of understanding the mechanisms of action of nutritional intervention agents in influencing immune cell behavior.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Marzena J. Fabis-Pedrini, Jens Kuhle, Katherine M. A. Roberts, Stephanie Trend, Anderson P. Jones, Aleksandra Maceski, William M. Carroll, Robyn M. Lucas, Frank L. Mastaglia, Prue H. Hart, Allan G. Kermode
Summary: This study demonstrates the suppressive effect of narrowband ultraviolet B phototherapy (UVB-PT) on serum neurofilament light chain (sNfL) levels in patients with clinically isolated syndrome (CIS). sNfL levels can serve as a marker for neuro-axonal damage in CIS and early multiple sclerosis (MS) and can be used to assess the efficacy of new therapeutic interventions such as UVB-PT.
BRAIN AND BEHAVIOR
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Philip Newsholme, Jordan Rowlands, Roselyn Rose'Meyer, Vinicius Cruzat
Summary: This article summarizes the metabolic adaptations and changes of pancreatic beta-cells required for survival and function under various physiological, pathological, and pharmacological conditions.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ashleigh R. Poh, Christopher G. Love, David Chisanga, James H. Steer, David Baloyan, Michael Chopin, Stephen Nutt, Jai Rautela, Nicholas D. Huntington, Nima Etemadi, Megan O'Brien, Ryan O'Keefe, Lesley G. Ellies, Christophe Macri, Justine D. Mintern, Lachlan Whitehead, Gangadhara Gangadhara, Louis Boon, Ashwini L. Chand, Clifford A. Lowell, Wei Shi, Fiona J. Pixley, Matthias Ernst
Summary: Genetic ablation or therapeutic inhibition of the myeloid-specific hematopoietic cell kinase (HCK) enhances the response to immunotherapy by modifying the tumor microenvironment and promoting immune cell activation.
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Reece Parry, Kamran Majeed, Fiona Pixley, Graham Scott Hillis, Roslyn Jane Francis, Carl Johann Schultz
Summary: Cardiovascular disease remains a major cause of death and disability worldwide, with inflammation being a significant component of atherosclerosis. Macrophages play a central role in atherosclerotic inflammation. Some anti-inflammatory therapies have shown effectiveness in reducing cardiovascular events, but there are limitations. Colchicine has been added to societal guidelines for the prevention of recurrent cardiovascular events in high-risk patients with chronic coronary syndromes. Functional imaging methods may offer a non-invasive and relatively inexpensive way to identify patients who will benefit most from novel anti-inflammatory therapies.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL-CARDIOVASCULAR IMAGING
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Amy Woodfield, Tatiana Gonzales, Erik Helmerhorst, Simon Laws, Philip Newsholme, Tenielle Porter, Giuseppe Verdile
Summary: Alzheimer's disease and type 2 diabetes share similar pathological mechanisms, making drugs used to manage diabetes potential treatments for Alzheimer's. Insulin delivery has shown promise in improving cognition and reducing Alzheimer's-related neuropathology, but clinical trial outcomes have been inconsistent. Further investigation is needed to explore the use of insulin analogues for Alzheimer's treatment.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Stephanie Bridgeman, Hon Chiu Woo, Philip Newsholme, Cyril Mamotte
Summary: This study compares the effects of butyrate and other HDAC inhibitors with statins on cholesterol metabolism. It found that butyrate and HDAC inhibition decreased cholesterol content in HepG2 cells and downregulated SREBP-2 regulated processes, unlike statins. However, butyrate did not increase cholesterol uptake by cells and reduced protein expression of ABCA1 and SRB1.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Kaveri Pathak, Yun Zhao, Emily K. Calton, Anthony P. James, Philip Newsholme, Jill Sherriff, Mario J. Soares
Summary: This study suggests that short-term leucine supplementation during energy restriction can help preserve fat-free mass and lean tissue mass, particularly in men. However, leucine supplementation does not have an impact on glucose metabolism.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Jonatan Leffler, Stephanie Trend, Prue H. Hart, Martyn A. French
Summary: Multiple sclerosis is associated with EBV infection, B-cell dysfunction, gut dysbiosis, and other risk factors. EBV-infected memory B cells migrate to GALT and are activated by gut microbes, leading to EBV reactivation and anti-EBV immune responses. Female sex and environmental risk factors affect these responses. Aberrant B-cell responses drive pathogenic T-cell responses in the CNS.
CLINICAL & TRANSLATIONAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Amy R. Dwyer, Carlos Perez Kerkvliet, Raisa Krutilina, Hilaire C. Playa, Deanna N. Parke, Warner A. Thomas, Branden A. Smeester, Branden S. Moriarity, Tiffany N. Seagroves, Carol A. Lange
Summary: Research shows that in triple-negative breast cancer, the PTK6-driven signaling pathway mediates cell migration via RhoA and AhR signaling pathways, and plays a crucial role in lung metastasis.
MOLECULAR CANCER RESEARCH
(2021)
