Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Chloe Pinchess, Ruth Pauli, John Tully
Summary: The knowledge and attitudes of professionals, particularly psychology-based staff, towards conduct disorder in young people can affect the diagnosis and treatment of mental disorders. Direct and indirect experience seem to play a significant role in shaping these attitudes. Higher knowledge levels are associated with more positive attitudes.
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Hong-Hua Li, Tian-Tian Wang, Han-Yu Dong, Ya-Qin Liu, Fei-Yong Jia
Summary: This study found differences in the recognition of ADHD symptoms between parents and teachers of primary school students, with teachers exhibiting a significantly higher positive screening rate than parents. Parental awareness of ADHD is influenced by factors such as the relationship with children, educational level, children's sex, age and grade, and sources of information on ADHD.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Morgan M. Grotewiel, Megan E. Crenshaw, Amelia Dorsey, Elizabeth Street
Summary: Hyperfocus and flow are intense concentration experiences associated with reduced perception of irrelevant stimuli and improved task performance. Hyperfocus has been historically seen as a symptom of ADHD, autism, or schizophrenia, while flow is regarded as an enjoyable experience in positive psychology. Recent studies suggest that hyperfocus and flow may be the same phenomenon viewed from different perspectives.
CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hsin-Yi Fan, Cheuk-Kwan Sun, Yu-Shian Cheng, Weilun Chung, Ruu-Fen Tzang, Hsien-Jane Chiu, Chun-Ning Ho, Kuo-Chuan Hung
Summary: This study provides a systematic review and analysis of the effectiveness of electroencephalogram-based neurofeedback (EEG-NF) in treating the core symptoms of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in adolescents/adults. The results suggest that EEG-NF can effectively improve inattention symptoms, but its effectiveness in reducing hyperactivity/impulsivity remains inconclusive.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Dara E. Babinski, Erika F. H. Saunders, Fan He, Duanping Liao, Amanda M. Pearl, Daniel A. Waschbusch
Summary: This study examined the diagnostic indicators, clinical characteristics, and functional impairment associated with adult ADHD using electronic medical records and self-report measures. The results showed a significant difference in prevalence of ADHD between self-report screening and medical records. ADHD was found to contribute to functional impairment even when controlling for other psychiatric comorbidities.
PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Lai-Chu See, Hsin-Mei Li, Kuo-Yu Chao, Chia-Chi Chung, Pei-Ru Li, Sheue-Rong Lin
Summary: This study compared the knowledge of ADHD among the general public, parents of children with ADHD, and primary school teachers, finding that teachers had better knowledge of ADHD than parents and the general public. Factors associated with ADHD knowledge varied among the three groups.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
E. M. Bruxel, C. R. Moreira-Maia, G. C. Akutagava-Martins, T. P. Quinn, M. Klein, B. Franke, M. Ribases, P. Rovira, C. Sanchez-Mora, D. B. Kappel, N. R. Mota, E. H. Grevet, C. H. D. Bau, M. Arcos-Burgos, L. A. Rohde, M. H. Hutz
Summary: This study conducted a meta-analysis to investigate the association between ADGRL3 gene variants and ADHD susceptibility in children and adults, finding significant correlation in children but not in adults. The results suggest that ADGRL3 gene is predominantly associated with childhood ADHD.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Erica D. Musser, Stephanie S. J. Morris, Kathleen Feeney, Rosario Pintos Lobo, Edward F. Ester
Summary: Inattention is a key symptom of ADHD, but the mechanisms underlying it are unclear. More specific approaches are needed to link disruptions in cognitive performance with ADHD behaviors. A pilot study found that even typically developing children did not maximally extract and combine information to maximize rewards in a cognitive task targeting attention selection mechanisms.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Sarah Mulholland, Therese M. Cumming, Jihyun Lee
Summary: The objective of this study is to examine the attitudes of New South Wales Government school in-service teachers towards ADHD and determine if any demographic features predict their attitudes. The study found a 5-factor structure of attitudes towards ADHD-type behaviors and identified demographic predictors of teacher attitudes through exploratory factor analysis and multiple regression analysis. The final regression model showed significant predictors for each factor, with R2 values ranging from .007 to .147. The study revealed that teachers generally had positive attitudes towards students with ADHD-type behaviors, but found externalized ADHD behaviors irritating in the classroom and expressed a need for more information on managing ADHD.
JOURNAL OF ATTENTION DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Amal Khaleel Abu Alhommos, Fatimah Mohammed AlHadab, Rwan Adel Alalwan, Sara Tawfiq Alabduladhem, Zahraa Ali Alnaser, Sarah Saad Alnami
Summary: This study aimed to explore community knowledge about ADHD in Saudi Arabia. A cross-sectional study using an online survey was conducted, and it found that there is insufficient public knowledge about ADHD. Educational interventions and social media campaigns are necessary to raise public awareness of ADHD, targeting all members of the community.
Article
Pediatrics
Li-Fan Pai, Der-Shiun Wang, Wan-Fu Hsu, Shao-Wei Huang, Chi-Hsiang Chung, Shyi-Jou Chen, Wu-Chien Chien, Der-Ming Chu
Summary: This study found that children with ADHD have a higher risk of central precocious puberty. Early referral to a pediatric endocrinologist for evaluation can lead to correct diagnosis. Early intervention treatment with gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist may improve final height in children with central precocious puberty.
PEDIATRIC RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jung Tae Kim, Kibong Kim, Lin Ang, Hye Won Lee, Jun-Yong Choi, Myeong Soo Lee
Summary: This article describes a systematic review that aims to evaluate the effectiveness of acupuncture as a treatment for ADHD. The study will conduct literature searches in multiple databases and analyze the selected studies using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Assessment Tool. The findings of this review will be used to support relevant health policies and practices.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Johannes Lieslehto, Jari Tiihonen, Markku Laehteenvuo, Ellenor Mittendorfer-Rutz, Antti Tanskanen, Heidi Taipale
Summary: This study investigated the impact of pharmacotherapy on suicide risk in patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD). The results indicated that ADHD medication may reduce the risk of suicide, while mood stabilizers and antidepressants may increase the risk. The findings suggest that benzodiazepines should be used with caution due to their association with increased suicide risk in patients with BPD.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mia Moses, Jeggan Tiego, Ditte Demontis, G. Bragi Walters, Hreinn Stefansson, Kari Stefansson, Anders D. Borglum, Aurina Arnatkeviciute, Mark A. Bellgrove
Summary: This study examined three potential endophenotypes for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): working memory function, response inhibition, and reaction time variability. The results showed that higher genetic risk for ADHD was associated with higher ADHD traits, as well as poorer working memory performance and increased reaction time variability. Lower working memory performance, poorer response inhibition, and increased reaction time variability were associated with more pronounced ADHD traits. Working memory and reaction time variability partially mediated the relationship between genetic risk for ADHD and ADHD traits, explaining 14% and 16% of the association, respectively.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Anyi Yang, Edmund T. Rolls, Guiying Dong, Jingnan Du, Yuzhu Li, Jianfeng Feng, Wei Cheng, Xing-Ming Zhao
Summary: This study investigates the neural links between ADHD symptoms and prolonged screen time utilization (STU) using a large-scale dataset. The findings suggest that higher polygenic risk scores for ADHD are associated with longer STU and more severe symptoms. White matter microstructure, particularly in visual-related functions, plays a crucial role in mediating the association between ADHD risk and STU.
Review
Psychology, Developmental
Melissa H. Black, Melissa Scott, Elliot Baker-Young, Craig Thompson, Sarah McGarry, Maya Hayden-Evans, Zelma Snyman, Frank Zimmermann, Viktor Kacic, Torbjorn Falkmer, Marcel Romanos, Sven Boelte, Sonya Girdler, Benjamin Milbourn
Summary: Suicide among post-secondary students is a significant public health concern. While there have been studies on suicide prevention programs, the effective elements of these interventions are still unknown. This study reviewed the literature and identified potential effective elements of suicide prevention programs for post-secondary students. Gatekeeper training programs were found to be the most common type of intervention. These programs have the potential to improve students' engagement with mental health services, knowledge, help-seeking attitudes and behaviors, and gatekeeper-related outcomes.
EUROPEAN CHILD & ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zhiqiang Sha, Daan van Rooij, Evdokia Anagnostou, Celso Arango, Guillaume Auzias, Marlene Behrmann, Boris Bernhardt, Sven Bolte, Geraldo F. Busatto, Sara Calderoni, Rosa Calvo, Eileen Daly, Christine Deruelle, Meiyu Duan, Fabio Luis Souza Duran, Sarah Durston, Christine Ecker, Stefan Ehrlich, Damien Fair, Jennifer Fedor, Jacqueline Fitzgerald, Dorothea L. Floris, Barbara Franke, Christine M. Freitag, Louise Gallagher, David C. Glahn, Shlomi Haar, Liesbeth Hoekstra, Neda Jahanshad, Maria Jalbrzikowski, Joost Janssen, Joseph A. King, Luisa Lazaro, Beatriz Luna, Jane McGrath, Sarah E. Medland, Filippo Muratori, Declan G. M. Murphy, Janina Neufeld, Kirsten O'Hearn, Bob Oranje, Mara Parellada, Jose C. Pariente, Merel C. Postema, Karl Lundin Remnelius, Alessandra Retico, Pedro Gomes Penteado Rosa, Katya Rubia, Devon Shook, Kristiina Tammimies, Margot J. Taylor, Michela Tosetti, Gregory L. Wallace, Fengfeng Zhou, Paul M. Thompson, Simon E. Fisher, Jan K. Buitelaar, Clyde Francks
Summary: Small average differences in the left-right asymmetry of cerebral cortical thickness have been observed in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This study used a large sample of data to examine the structural network effects of these regional alterations. The findings suggest that altered asymmetrical brain development in ASD may affect networks involved in executive functions, language-related processes, and sensorimotor processes.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Psychology, Clinical
Pei-Yin Pan, Samuele Cortese, Sven Bolte
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Rehabilitation
Hampus Bejno, Lise Roll-Pettersson, Lars Klintwall, Ulrika Langh, Samuel L. Odom, Sven Bolte
Summary: This pre-registered study aimed to evaluate the Swedish Autism Program Environment Rating Scale (APERS-P-SE) as a means to promote the quality of the pre-school learning environment for children on the autism spectrum. The results showed that APERS-P-SE assessment can significantly improve the quality of the learning environment, but the impact on children and pre-school staff was not significant.
SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY
(2023)
Review
Psychology, Developmental
Matthew Jones, Marita Falkmer, Ben Milbourn, Tele Tan, Sven Bolte, Sonya Girdler
Summary: This study identified three core elements of strength-based technology programs for youth with ASD through a systematic review of the literature: mutual respect, demonstrating skills, and interests.
REVIEW JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Rehabilitation
Emily D'Arcy, Kiah Evans, Bahareh Afsharnejad, Benjamin Milbourn, Sven Bolte, Sonya Girdler
Summary: This study investigated the assessment of functioning practices and barriers to using best practice in the disability sector in Australia. The results revealed a lack of clear transdisciplinary conceptualisation of functioning in current practice, with limited time, large caseloads, availability of appropriate tools, and lack of clarity from funding bodies being the main barriers.
AUSTRALIAN OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Rianne Haartsen, Luke Mason, Pilar Garces, Anna Gui, Tony Charman, Julian Tillmann, Mark H. Johnson, Jan K. Buitelaar, Eva Loth, Declan Murphy, Emily J. H. Jones
Summary: The study explores the neural processing of faces in individuals with autism and finds differences in the activation patterns between diagnostic groups. The findings suggest that early difficulties with configural face processing in autism may lead to compensatory processes and the involvement of non-typical neural systems in later development.
Review
Clinical Neurology
Sven Bolte, Janina Neufeld, Peter B. Marschik, Zachary J. Williams, Louise Gallagher, Meng-Chuan Lai
Summary: There are qualitative and quantitative differences in health conditions between individuals of different birth-assigned sexes, gender identities, and gender experiences, which require personalized care. It is important to study the moderating and mediating effects of sex and gender factors on impairment, disability, wellbeing, and health, especially for neurodivergent individuals. Researchers have started to investigate the mechanisms through which sex and gender variables affect the manifestations of neurodevelopmental conditions.
NATURE REVIEWS NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biology
Irzam Hardiansyah, Par Nystroem, Mark J. J. Taylor, Sven Bolte, Angelica Ronald, Terje Falck-Ytter
Summary: This study finds that a distinct organization of global motion processing is associated with autistic symptoms in toddlerhood, based on EEG data from nearly 500 five month old infants.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Maria Loethberg, Tatja Hirvikoski, Sonya Girdler, Sven Boelte, Ulf Jonsson
Summary: In Sweden, housing support is provided to people with neurodevelopmental conditions, primarily autism or ADHD, who require daily living support. This study aimed to explore support workers' perspectives on current practice in housing support for young adults with neurodevelopmental conditions. The interviews highlighted the complexity of the service and the need for more knowledge about neurodevelopmental conditions. The results raise important questions about how housing support should be organized and delivered to meet specific needs and ensure equal services across municipalities.
JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Hanna Agius, Anne-Kristina Luoto, Anna Backman, Carina Eriksdotter, Nitya Jayaram-Lindstrom, Sven Bolte, Tatja Hirvikoski
Summary: Autistic adults face high stress levels and struggle to cope with stressors. Mindfulness-based stress reduction shows promise as it helps individuals utilize their own resources to regulate stress responses. A feasibility study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction in autistic adults. The results showed that participants found the intervention logical and beneficial, with reduced stress symptoms and improved stress-coping skills.
Article
Psychiatry
Simone Zuffa, Patrick Schimmel, Ayoze Gonzalez-Santana, Clara Belzer, Jan Knol, Sven Bolte, Terje Falck-Ytter, Hans Forssberg, Jonathan Swann, Rochellys Diaz Heijtz
Summary: Evidence suggests that the microbiota-gut-brain axis is involved in the neurobiology of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). This study examined the development of the fecal microbiota and metabolome in infants with and without a family history of ASD. It was found that infants at elevated-likelihood of ASD had a different microbial composition, with lower levels of Bifidobacterium and higher levels of Clostridium and Klebsiella species compared to low-likelihood infants. The study also revealed a correlation between certain microbes and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) levels, which may have implications for behavioral variability later in life.
TRANSLATIONAL PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Maja Rudling, Par Nystrom, Giorgia Bussu, Sven Bolte, Terje Falck-Ytter
Summary: Direct gaze is an important communicative signal, but attenuated responses to it do not reliably differentiate infants with or without subsequent autism. Although infants with elevated likelihood of autism and subsequent diagnosis tend to look away quicker, this measure does not differentiate between the two elevated likelihood groups.
Article
Psychology, Educational
Linda Plantin Ewe, Mona Holmqvist, Sven Bolte
Summary: This study examines the impact of teachers' professional development of their relational competence with students with ADHD and/or ASD on teachers' and students' perceptions of their teacher-student relationships. The findings suggest that enhancing teachers' understanding of relational competence concerning students with neurodiversity will improve both their own perceptions and those of neurodiverse female students. However, directing teachers' focus towards one student group (ND students) risks diminishing teachers' attention towards other student groups, potentially explaining the poorer follow-up results among neurotypical boys.
EMOTIONAL AND BEHAVIOURAL DIFFICULTIES
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Bahareh Afsharnejad, Marita Falkmer, Tanya Picen, Melissa H. Black, Tasha Alach, Anna Fridell, Cristina Coco, Kelly Milne, Jill Perry, Sven Bolte, Sonya Girdler
Summary: The study found that both autistic adolescents and their parents were satisfied with the social skills group training KONTAKT, with consistent improvements observed in adolescents' social understanding. Differences in positive reports were noted between high and low responders, but overall satisfaction with the training experience was high.
JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS
(2022)