Article
Energy & Fuels
Santosh Ghosh, Vinod Kumar Yadav, Vivekananda Mukherjee, Shubham Gupta
Summary: The Indian state-owned electricity utilities have accumulated significant financial losses, with 80% consistently incurring losses and facing financial unsustainability in the long term. This article critically assesses the impact of three decades of Indian policy reform on improving the techno-commercial performance of these utilities, utilizing data envelopment analysis and Shannon's entropy model to identify inefficiencies and recommend corrective measures.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Juan C. Percino-Picazo, Armando R. Llamas-Terres, Federico A. Viramontes-Brown
Summary: This paper analyzes the energy reform in Mexico since 2013, discussing the impact of governmental actions, the intended objectives of restructuring, and the challenges faced during implementation. It highlights the need to attract private investment and enhance operational efficiency for a successful energy reform.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Subhadip Bhattacharya, Rangan Banerjee, Ariel Liebman, Roger Dargaville
Summary: This paper examines the responsiveness of the Indian power sector during the COVID-19 lockdown and analyzes its impact on electricity demand, operation, and supply. The results show a significant reduction in electricity demand, mainly driven by the industrial and commercial sectors. This decrease in demand has led to a decrease in coal generation units' load factor and a reduction in CO2 emissions compared to the same period in 2019.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL POWER & ENERGY SYSTEMS
(2022)
Article
Economics
Shashwat Kumar
Summary: The rise and spread of Independent Regulatory Agencies (IRAs) have brought credibility and efficiency to sectoral governance in developing countries. However, research has shown that regulatory decision-making is still influenced by political pressures. This article examines the case of the Indian electricity sector to explore how IRAs are establishing themselves decades after their establishment. The findings suggest that while IRAs have consolidated their decision-making role, it is not exactly as envisioned in the Electricity Act, 2003.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Hon Chung Lau
Summary: To achieve net-zero by 2050, ASEAN countries need to decarbonize their power sector in the next three decades. This paper analyzes ten decarbonization technologies for the power sector based on various factors and provides country-specific rankings to inform policymakers. Both fossil and non-fossil technologies should be utilized, with switching from coal to gas and implementing carbon capture and storage (CCS) having the highest decarbonization potential. Renewable energy sources such as hydropower, biomass, solar photovoltaic (PV), wind energy, and geothermal resources also have potential in the ASEAN region. Energy policies to promote rapid decarbonization are discussed.
Article
Thermodynamics
Brijesh Bhatt, Anoop Singh
Summary: Despite over two decades since the reform process was introduced in the Indian power sector, there are still various barriers that hinder the adoption of loss reduction technologies (LRTs). Future reforms should focus on improving utility-level governance to enhance feasibility in the sector.
Review
Thermodynamics
Joana Sousa, Isabel Soares
Summary: Demand Response (DR) is believed to have a crucial role in the future power systems. The increasing share of renewable electricity will bring about changes in market design and system operation, creating new opportunities and challenges for all market participants. However, regulatory and technology barriers, alongside conflicts of interest among actors, may hinder the implementation of DR.
Article
Economics
Hao Chen, Jian Cui, Feng Song, Zhigao Jiang
Summary: Addressing the efficiency-equity-environment trade-off is important for electricity sector reform. This study quantifies the economic, distributional, and environmental effects of marketization and integration in China's electricity market. The findings suggest that establishing provincial markets can lead to potential welfare improvement of 14.3 billion yuan, which can be further increased to 21.0 billion yuan by integrating the provincial markets into a regional market. The regional market performs better in terms of overall efficiency gains and environmental outcomes, but worse in addressing equity concerns.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Muhammad Hamza Jamil, Kafait Ullah, Noor Saleem, Faisal Abbas, Hassan Abdullah Khalid
Summary: The study investigates the socio-economic impacts of power sector reforms in Pakistan, finding that the main benefit of private sector participation was the timely expansion of generation capacity, but environmental and generation costs became very high. Consumers and government were net losers, while IPPs profited from the restructuring.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Animesh Mishra, Niladri Das, Prem Chhetri
Summary: Thermal power generation based on coal is the second largest polluting industry due to greenhouse gas emissions. The pollution extends beyond power generation and affects product usage as well. Despite efforts to replace coal with renewable resources, our study shows that India will still heavily rely on coal for over 50% of its power generation in the near future. To address the inherent pollution and carbon emissions from coal usage, we used various models to forecast coal consumption and proposed policy implications to improve the coal supply chain and mitigate the consequences.
Article
Economics
Amit Kundu, Dev Narayan Sarkar, Arabinda Bhattacharya
Summary: This study aims to understand the pressure faced by the chemical business in India from internal rivalry and inexpensive imports, as well as the impact of innovation strategy on the performance of Indian chemical companies. The survey of executives reveals that the relative distinctiveness of a chemical firm from its rivals and lower environmental uncertainty contribute to its performance. The relative integration of a company also has a positive impact on its performance.
JOURNAL OF THE KNOWLEDGE ECONOMY
(2022)
Review
Environmental Studies
Ramit Debnath, Vibhor Mittal, Abhinav Jindal
Summary: The current energy mix in India is predominantly coal-based, but the increasing contribution of renewable energy sources is impacting the health of the power system. The shift towards renewable energy is causing coal plants to operate at low-loading conditions, resulting in increased wear and tear. The market parity between renewable energy and coal-based generation may lead to significant social disruption and potential economic consequences.
ENERGY & ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Economics
M. S. Hossain, Yan Ru Fang, Teng Ma, Chen Huang, Wei Peng, Johannes Urpelainen, Chetan Hebbale, Hancheng Dai
Summary: This study assesses the potential of battery electric vehicles (BEV) and fuel-cell vehicles (FCV) as the least-cost pathway toward carbon neutrality in India's road transport sector. The results show that BEV alone is not sufficient to achieve carbon neutrality, but a combination of BEV and FCV can significantly reduce air pollutant emissions. The study also proposes local climate change policies to promote the adoption of BEV and FCV in the Indian road transport sector.
Article
Economics
Vishal Singh Patyal, Ravi Kumar, Kuldeep Lamba, Sunil Maheshwari
Summary: Energy is crucial for the growth of emerging economies like India. Evaluating the performance of electricity distribution companies (DISCOMs) is essential to ensure competition and successful reforms. This study compared the performance efficiencies of 48 DISCOMs from 24 states in India and recommended providing operational and financial autonomy to improve their performance.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Hongda Liu, Abdul Razzaq Khan, Sumaira Aslam, Abdul Khaliq Rasheed, Muhammad Mohsin
Summary: The research reveals that institutional deficiency has a negative impact on electricity reforms, suggesting that the larger the impact of reforms on electricity performance, the higher the institutional efficiency. A series of reform initiatives will improve energy efficiency and per capita electricity access. Despite reforms and regulatory measures, the electricity sector still faces challenges such as energy inefficiency and technological losses.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Economics
Marie-Louise Arlt, David Chassin, Claudio Rivetta, James Sweeney
Summary: This paper examines the impact of real-time pricing and load automation on residential distribution systems. The study finds that implementing real-time pricing can result in an aggregate welfare gain of 39 USD per customer and year. However, it also notes that RTP and load automation may significantly increase peak system load. Introducing a market-based demand management system can further enhance welfare gains and reduce grid investment.
Article
Economics
Javier Jorquera-Copier, Alvaro Lorca, Enzo Sauma, Stefan Lorenczik, Matias Negrete-Pincetic
Summary: As countries update their climate ambitions, low-carbon hydrogen production and use present opportunities for emissions reductions and economic development. A case study for Chile shows that integrating hydrogen and electricity networks can lower system costs and enhance renewable integration, but policy support is needed to address concerns related to water and land use.
Article
Economics
Dawit Guta, Hisham Zerriffi, Jill Baumgartner, Abhishek Jain, Sunil Mani, Darby Jack, Ellison Carter, Guofeng Shen, Jennifer Orgill-Meyer, Joshua Rosenthal, Katherine Dickinson, Rob Bailis, Yuta Masuda
Summary: Household solid fuel use is detrimental to health and the environment. The Indian government's PMUY subsidy has successfully promoted the adoption of LPG by millions of households. However, there is limited understanding of the decision-making process to reduce solid fuel use after transitioning to cleaner fuels. This study found that factors such as household wealth, social status, education level, and the prevalence of LPG use in the village are positively associated with LPG consumption and the discontinuation of solid fuel use. On the other hand, factors such as distance to LPG refill delivery, household size, and the PMUY subsidy are negatively associated with the share of LPG use.
Article
Economics
Nicolas Morell-Dameto, Jose Pablo Chaves-Avila, Tomas Gomez San Roman, Pablo Duenas-Martinez, Tim Schittekatte
Summary: This paper assesses the performance of differently implemented forward-looking network tariff designs and proposes an innovative coordination mechanism to increase predictability in a future with many flexible customers. The study reveals that if large shares of customers synchronize their responses to highly time-varying and locational-specific network charges, it can lead to unexpected reinforcements.
Article
Economics
Alexandra Gritz, Guntram Wolff
Summary: Russia's weaponization of gas supplies shook the energy security of Central and Eastern Europe in 2022. The region responded by increasing alternative energy supplies and developing new gas supply routes. Renewable energy, nuclear energy, and hydrogen play important roles in the long-term. Mitigating the impact of this shock requires the EU to prioritize the integrity of its energy market.
Article
Economics
Jaroslaw Kantorowicz, Marion Collewet, Matthew DiGiuseppe, Hendrik Vrijburg
Summary: Economic costs are a major political obstacle to investing in climate change mitigation and adaptation measures. The method of financing plays a crucial role in determining public opposition to government green investments, with debt financing being less opposed than broad-based taxes. This study suggests that credit market tools, such as green bonds and debt for climate swaps, can be politically efficient in increasing support for green financing. Carbon taxes and wealth taxes are found to be the most preferred options.
Article
Economics
Kun Guo, Liyuan Luan, Xiaoli Cai, Dayong Zhang, Qiang Ji
Summary: This paper investigates China's energy trade stability using a survival analysis approach. It finds that the energy trade linkages between China and 153 other countries are complex and unstable, with short periods of trade with many countries. Geopolitically risky regions, such as the Middle East and Africa, have the lowest trade stability. Climate risks have significant effects on energy trade stability. The paper proposes several policy options to improve energy trade stability in China, with special attention to increasing global climate risks.
Article
Economics
Simona Bigerna, Piyush Choudhary, Nikunj Kumar Jain, Silvia Micheli, Paolo Polinori
Summary: This study estimates the willingness to pay of Indian urban consumers for a continuous supply of electricity using contingent valuation method. The findings show that the amount consumers are willing to pay depends on the duration of power outages, with households preferring shorter outages. Income and environmental attitude also positively influence higher willingness to pay. These insights can inform policymakers in designing more reliable and customer-centric energy generation and distribution models.
Article
Economics
Temilade Sesan, Unico Uduka, Lucy Baker, Okechukwu Ugwu, Ewah Eleri, Subhes Bhattacharyya
Summary: This study examines the impact of the regulatory framework on rural electrification and universal energy access goals in Nigeria's mini-grid sector. The findings suggest that while the current framework has fostered sector growth, additional measures are necessary to ensure equitable distribution of access among rural populations.
Article
Economics
Rui Shan, Noah Kittner
Summary: Energy storage is a cornerstone in decarbonization planning as it reduces operational costs and greenhouse gas emissions, while enhancing resilience and renewables integration. However, storage developers in different regions have varying economic and environmental considerations, thereby requiring policy intervention to achieve long-term emission reductions.
Article
Economics
Tung Durmaz, Sevil Acar, Simay Kizilkaya
Summary: This study investigates the phenomenon of strategic capacity withholding in the Turkish electricity market and its relationship with the capacity remuneration mechanism. The empirical results provide strong evidence of strategic capacity withholding and show that the capacity mechanism contributes to the duration of failures. The study offers important insights for policymakers, including the implementation of a random verification mechanism and restructuring of the capacity mechanism in Turkey.
Article
Economics
Tii N. Nchofoung
Summary: The study finds that oil price shocks have a negative impact on Africa's energy transition, particularly in rural areas and net crude oil exporting countries. However, oil price shocks cannot explain the urban-rural differences in clean energy access. Therefore, increasing investment in clean energy and technologies in rural areas is necessary to enhance the resilience of the energy sector to oil price shocks.
Article
Economics
Najia Saqib, Muhammad Usman, Ilhan Ozturk, Arshian Sharif
Summary: This study examines the impact of environmental technologies, financial growth, and energy use on ecological footprint and green growth. Environmental innovation and renewable energy deployment contribute to green growth, while financial expansion and non-renewable energy use have negative effects on the environment. The study also identifies causal relationships between different factors.
Article
Economics
Yessica C. Y. Chung, Noxolo Kunene, Hung-Hao Chang
Summary: The Renewable Energy Certificate (REC) is considered an innovative technology for building a green society. This study investigates the impact of REC purchases on stock return and volume in Taiwan between 2017 and 2021. The findings suggest that REC purchases have a positive effect on stock returns of manufacturing firms but not service firms. The frequency of REC purchases is also an important factor in the relationship between REC purchase and firm value. Additionally, the study reveals that public attention to environmental pollution plays a crucial role in positive stock returns and volume, while ESG disclosure is negatively associated with returns and volume.
Article
Economics
Seife Ayele, Wei Shen, Yacob Mulugetta, Tadesse Kuma Worako
Summary: This paper addresses the challenges of governing energy procurement from a mix of non-hydropower renewable energy sources supplied by independent producers. Building on political economy analysis and five case studies of independent producer projects from Ethiopia, it seeks to understand the root causes of the protracted delays and limited extent of procurement by independent producers. The key contestations lie in managing long term contracts, risk, uncertainty and in developing the institutional and human capacity to transition.