Article
Energy & Fuels
Libo Lu, Wenwen Wei, Fan Liu, Zhiwei Ge, Hui Jin, Yunan Chen, Liejin Guo
Summary: Supercritical water gasification (SCWG) is a promising technology for the treatment of black liquor and energy recycling. However, the transformation of sulfur during the SCWG process is not well understood. In this study, the effects of different parameters on gasification and sulfur transformation were investigated. The results showed that reaction temperature played a crucial role, and H-2 was the most important gaseous product. After SCWG treatment, sulfur mainly existed in the form of sulfide. The findings of this study provide a basis for the resource utilization of black liquor and a promising method for sodium sulfide production.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Ali Karimi, Negar Kazemi, Omid Tavakoli, Azadeh Ebrahimian Pirbazari
Summary: This study investigated the supercritical water gasification of black liquor for hydrogen production, finding that the hydrogen yield could be enhanced by optimizing temperature and reaction time. The addition of heterogeneous catalysts and other biomass like wood residue and formic acid further improved the hydrogen production.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Xingang Qi, Yunan Chen, Jiuyun Zhao, Di Su, Fan Liu, Libo Lu, Hui Jin, Liejin Guo
Summary: Conventional black liquor treatment has weaknesses in pollution. Supercritical water gasification technology makes it possible to utilize the energy of black liquor cleanly. This work proposed an auto-thermal SCWG black liquor polygeneration system integrated with online salt recovery, improving the system efficiency and hydrogen production.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Hary Demey, Gilles Ratel, Bruno Lacaze, Olivier Delattre, Geert Haarlemmer, Anne Roubaud
Summary: In this study, the wastewater from hydrothermal liquefaction of black liquor was treated and utilized for hydrogen production through supercritical water gasification (SCWG). The effects of main process parameters on conversion yield were investigated. Experimental tests were conducted at different temperatures (below and above the critical point of water): 350°C, 450°C, and 600°C. The results showed that increasing temperature from 350°C to 600°C significantly improved the total gas yield. The use of a catalyst further enhanced carbon conversion and gas production, leading to even higher gas yields at mild operating temperatures.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Thiago Barros, Jhonattas D. C. Carregosa, Alberto Wisniewski Jr, Antonio C. D. Freitas, Reginaldo Guirardello, Leandro Ferreira-Pinto, Lucas Bonfim-Rocha, Veeriah Jegatheesan, Lucio Cardozo-Filho
Summary: This study explores an alternative method for black liquor treatment through gasification, identifying liquid products mainly belonging to classes O3 and O4 under reaction at 500 degrees Celsius, and gaseous products including hydrogen and methane with high overall selectivity. The economic analysis shows that black liquor gasification has relatively low costs and is an interesting route for obtaining combustible gases and value-added bioproducts.
Article
Thermodynamics
Shenghui Guo, Changyifan Ren, Yu Wang, Shi Liu, Mingming Du, Yunan Chen, Liejin Guo
Summary: The study established an original or reference pig manure SCWG power generation plant and made various optimizations to greatly increase the overall system efficiency and power production. The efficient multi-stage heat exchanger network and steam turbine are preferred for SCWG of pig manure, considering system capacity, complexity, and zero-carbon emission.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2021)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Meire Ellen Gorete Ribeiro Domingos, Daniel Florez-Orreo, Moises Teles dos Santos, Silvio de Oliveira Jr, Francois Marechal
Summary: The integration of black liquor gasification in chemical plants has the potential to reduce process irreversibility and promote decarbonization in the industrial sector. Integrated chemical plants can produce pulp and gaseous fuels, such as hydrogen or synthetic natural gas, to expand their product portfolio and increase revenues. However, before implementing the integrated setups, thorough evaluation of their benefits in terms of thermodynamic, economic, and environmental indicators is necessary. The study found that the integrated chemical production plants have higher exergy efficiency and lower overall CO2 emissions compared to conventional setups. The financial analysis also showed that the hydrogen production route with partial import of electricity and carbon taxations above 60 EUR/tCO2 outperforms other scenarios.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Osei Asafu-Adjaye, Brian Via, Bhima Sastri, Sujit Banerjee
Summary: Using supercritical CO2 to treat black liquor can generate a porous liquid/solid structure and achieve dewatering for improving energy efficiency. The deposited lignin from black liquor can be used as biofuel or chemical feedstock.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Wenwen Wei, Shi Liu, Xinyu Li, Linhu Li, Wen Cao
Summary: In this study, a self-thermal supercritical water gasification system was developed to convert antibiotic residues into high-purity H2 and electrical power, achieving clean and efficient energy conversion. The system demonstrated high H2 yield and net electrical power at optimal operating conditions, along with high energy efficiency and exergy efficiency.
PROCESS SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Yu Wang, Changyifan Ren, Shenghui Guo, Shi Liu, Mingming Du, Yunan Chen, Liejin Guo
Summary: A thermodynamic equilibrium model of supercritical water gasification (SCWG) of pig manure was developed, and the effects of operating conditions on heat production and system efficiency were investigated. The results showed that the system efficiency could be increased by decreasing the amount of preheating water, increasing the slurry concentration, and the gasification temperature. Adopting reasonable operating conditions and optimizing the layout of heat exchangers can effectively reduce the exergy loss of the system.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Jiamin Liang, Yang Liu, Jingwei Chen, Jiaqiang E, Erwei Leng, Feng Zhang, Gaoliang Liao
Summary: By utilizing supercritical water gasification and supercritical water oxidation technology, the black liquor can be converted into hydrogen-rich gas or heat energy, reducing its impact on the environment. A pulp mill integrated with black liquor SCWG and SCWO subsystems was designed and analyzed thermodynamically and economically. The results showed that the optimal reaction temperature for the system is 800 degrees Celsius under specified conditions.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Yongming Zhao, Huaqing Xue, Xu Jin, Bo Xiong, Renhe Liu, Yong Peng, Luyang Jiang, Guohua Tian
Summary: Solid oxide electrolysis cells (SOEC) technology is an efficient solution for hydrogen production, requiring external waste heat coupling for heating feed stock, with the recommended coupling location at the water evaporator and a temperature requirement above 130 degrees C.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Hanke Li, Shijie Wu, Chengxiong Dang, Guangxing Yang, Yonghai Cao, Hongjuan Wang, Feng Peng, Hao Yu
Summary: Using a Ni-CaO-Ca12Al14O33 bifunctional catalyst, sorption enhanced steam reforming (SESR) treatment of black liquor can effectively reduce sulfur emissions, produce high-purity hydrogen, and serve as a promising alternative for black liquor treatment and hydrogen production.
GREEN ENERGY & ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Kristian Melin, Jan Ole Struven, Patrick Eidam, Jorn Appelt, Christin Hummel, Udo Armbruster, Yann Chapelliere, Claude Mirodatos, Yves Schuurman, Anja Oasmaa
Summary: A new route for upgrading black liquor from the kraft process to hybrid gasoline is presented. The process involves hydrothermal liquefaction, removal of alkaline metal salts, hydro-deoxygenation, and coprocessing with vacuum gas oil. High deoxygenation is beneficial for cracking the refined crude oil into gasoline fractions. By limiting the percentage of added pretreated biocrude, high naphtha yields can be maintained.
Article
Thermodynamics
Shenghui Guo, Fanrui Meng, Pai Peng, Jialing Xu, Hui Jin, Yunan Chen, Liejin Guo
Summary: This paper proposes an optimized direct mass transfer design for the supercritical water gasification system, which uses recycled product gas to improve energy efficiency and reduce oxygen consumption. The study shows that the optimized design has higher efficiency and significantly alters mass and energy flow.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Yingdong Wang, Huibo Wang, Hui Jin
Summary: Supercritical water gasification is an efficient and clean energy conversion method. The study of particle-particle and particle-fluid-particle interactions on the particle scale can guide the understanding of gasification performance on the reactor scale.
INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Jialin Wang, Yu-Cheng Huang, Yiqing Wang, Hao Deng, Yuchuan Shi, Daixing Wei, Mingtao Li, Chung -Li Dong, Hui Jin, Samuel S. Mao, Shaohua Shen
Summary: This study reveals that the d-orbital electronic configuration of nickel in Ni-N-C catalysts promotes CO2 activation and electron transfer, leading to excellent CO2 reduction to CO performance.
Article
Thermodynamics
Yi Li, Fan Liu, Xiaoyu Li, Hui Jin
Summary: This study investigated the natural convection of near critical water in a cylindrical hydrothermal reactor through numerical simulation. It was found that the flow was dominated by a large vortex when the heat flux ratio was lower than 1, and by two independent weak vortices when the ratio was higher than 1. When approaching the pseudocritical point, the flow structure remained unchanged, but wall heat transfer increased and fluid motion weakened. The change in heat flux ratio significantly regulated fluid motion but had a slight effect on wall heat transfer, with a weakened effect in the near critical region.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Review
Engineering, Environmental
Jinwen Shi, Xing Kang, Liuhao Mao, Yuzhou Jiang, Shiyu Zhao, Yanbing Liu, Binjiang Zhai, Hui Jin, Liejin Guo
Summary: Supercritical carbon dioxide (SCCO2) has been widely used in green, sustainable and effective technologies due to its fascinating properties. However, the high sensitivity of SCCO2 to parameter changes limits its practical applications. This review focuses on summarizing the current research on SCCO2-applied equipments in the field of chemical engineering, providing thoughts for target design, technical guidance for optimization, and inspiration for developing new applications, aiming to supply a reliable and valuable reference for the development and industrial applications of SCCO2-based technologies.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Pai Peng, Gaoyun Wang, Linhu Li, Hui Ge, Hui Jin, Liejin Guo
Summary: This study investigates the degradation of polymer-containing oily sludge (PCOS) in sub-/supercritical water to find a suitable treatment method. The effects of residence time, temperature, catalysts, and co-solvents on the distribution of end products are studied. Results show that PCOS is hardly gasified under subcritical conditions, while supercritical water has high solubility for PCOS with no solid residues. Organic matter in the liquid phase is classified into nine types, and the increase in temperature greatly changes its composition. The migration of elements (carbon and nitrogen) is also comprehensively studied.
ENERGY SOURCES PART A-RECOVERY UTILIZATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Hanbing Li, Hongyan Zhang, Wenquan Liu, Jie Huang, Kejian Lu, Jinwen Shi, Hui Jin, Wenshuai Chen, Maochang Liu
Summary: In recent years, solar-powered photocatalytic water splitting for hydrogen production has gained significant attention as a renewable and environmentally friendly method to generate clean energy. This paper explores the process of photocatalytic hydrogen evolution using Pt-loaded commercial titanium dioxide as the photocatalyst and presents a simple experimental demonstration of integrating photocatalytic hydrogen production with a hydrogen fuel cell system. The principles, reaction mechanisms, and experimental design linking photocatalysis with fuel cells are systematically discussed.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL EDUCATION
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Bin Bai, Peng Liu, Hui Jin
Summary: This study investigates the settlement of plastic particles in hydrothermal conditions. The experimental results show that the particles undergo a swelling stage and increase in size by absorbing the fluid under hydrothermal conditions. The falling trajectory of particles displays an irregular spatial curve, and the eccentric position of the particles during settlement also affects their size. The drag coefficient of swelling particles in the tube is significantly larger than that of rigid particles, and it gradually decreases with the Reynolds number, especially for small particles.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2023)
Article
Mechanics
Peitong Li, Huibo Wang, Xiaoyu Li, Liejin Guo, Hui Jin
Summary: This paper aims to find a convenient method to calculate the friction coefficient on a flat plate in supercritical water (SCW) laminar flow using a pseudo-critical incoming state. Direct numerical simulation (DNS) is used to study the velocity profile characteristics in the SCW boundary layer and apply them to derive a semi-analytical formula for plate friction in the SCW fluid field. The method of obtaining a dimensionless parameter G(mu)* by DNS is given, and the dependence between G(mu)* and boundary conditions is derived by numerical experiments. The accuracy of this method is proved by comparing the results with DNS results.
Article
Mechanics
Kun Jiang, Qiuyang Zhao, Haocheng Yu, Jinwen Shi, Hui Jin
Summary: In this study, particle resolve-direct numerical simulation is used to investigate the flow of high-temperature supercritical CO2 over a low-temperature stationary sphere. It is found that the presence of Stefan flow reduces flow resistance but inhibits heat transfer performance compared to cases without Stefan flow.
Article
Thermodynamics
Zhenqun Wu, Hui Jin
Summary: The heat transfer characteristics of particles in supercritical water are important for the development of coal gasification technology. This study focuses on comparing the interactions between particles in supercritical water and conventional fluid, instead of directly studying particle clusters in supercritical water.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Bingru Lu, Weizuo Wang, Cui Wang, Wenwen Wei, Hui Jin
Summary: Energy shortage and environmental pollution have led to the development of waste recycling and environment-friendly energy. A solar-driven gas-heat-electricity system was established to convert plastic waste and solar energy into electricity, heat, and hydrogen-rich gas. The analysis of the system's mass, energy, and exergy flow under typical conditions revealed the key factors affecting gasification performance, system efficiency, and energy output distribution.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Kun Jiang, Chao Fan, Qiuyang Zhao, Hui Jin
Summary: Using PR-DNS method, this study investigates the gasification process of a single spherical char particle in a high-temperature supercritical CO2/gaseous H2O atmosphere. The effects of reaction temperature and Reynolds number on the drag coefficient, flow field, interphase thermal and mass transfer near the particle surface are analyzed. The results show that higher reaction temperature leads to smaller drag coefficient and improved heat transfer performance. The characteristics of temperature and Reynolds number vary under different reaction temperatures, indicating kinetically-controlled reactions in the gasification process.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Qiuyang Zhao, Baercheng Bawaa, Tian Xie, Yu Dong, Weizuo Wang, Hui Jin, Liejin Guo
Summary: The study investigates the hydrocarbon generation characteristics of pure kerogen in supercritical water by removing inorganic minerals using acid-pickling. Results show that increasing temperature favors high-quality oil production with more light distillates, while gas yield continues to increase. The main gas products are methane, hydrogen, carbon dioxide, and C2+ hydrocarbons, with hydrogen proportion increasing with temperature and methane proportion peaking at 600 degrees C. Elevated temperatures in a supercritical water atmosphere lead to ring-opening processes and the cleavage of branched side chains, promoting kerogen maturation.
INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Rui Zhang, Shuaiqi Zhao, Chengzhen Sun, Hui Jin, Kunpeng Zhao, Bofeng Bai
Summary: This study investigates the morphology evolution of lignite particles during supercritical water gasification, and finds that the sharpness of the particles has a significant impact on the gasification efficiency. The presence of high-sharpness structures promotes a particle conversion rate of up to 86.21%. Additionally, an optimized particle morphology of C-s < 0.74 and size D-0 < 1.5 mm achieves an average mass conversion rate of approximately 79.12% without the use of a catalyst.
INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Weijing Ding, Hui Jin, Panpan Sun
Summary: This article investigates the diffusion behavior of free radicals in supercritical water using molecular dynamics simulation. The results show that higher temperatures promote free radical diffusion under supercritical water conditions, while lower pressure has a positive impact on diffusion coefficients for hydrocarbon radicals.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Yong Cheng, Fukai Song, Lei Fu, Saishuai Dai, Zhiming Yuan, Atilla Incecik
Summary: This paper investigates the accessibility of wave energy absorption by a dual-pontoon floating breakwater integrated with hybrid-type wave energy converters (WECs) and proposes a hydraulic-pneumatic complementary energy extraction method. The performance of the system is validated through experiments and comparative analysis.
Article
Thermodynamics
Jing Gao, Chao Wang, Zhanwu Wang, Jin Lin, Runkai Zhang, Xin Wu, Guangyin Xu, Zhenfeng Wang
Summary: This study aims to establish a new integrated method for biomass cogeneration project site selection, with a focus on the application of the model in Henan Province. By integrating Geographic Information System and Multiple Criterion Decision Making methods, the study conducts site selection in two stages, providing a theoretical reference for the construction of biomass cogeneration projects.
Article
Thermodynamics
Mert Temiz, Ibrahim Dincer
Summary: The current study presents a hybrid small modular nuclear reactor and solar-based system for sustainable communities, integrating floating and bifacial photovoltaic arrays with a small modular reactor. The system efficiently generates power, hydrogen, ammonia, freshwater, and heat for residential, agricultural, and aquaculture facilities. Thermodynamic analysis shows high energy and exergy efficiencies, as well as large-scale ammonia production meeting the needs of metropolitan areas. The hybridization of nuclear and solar technologies offers advantages of reliability, environmental friendliness, and cost efficiency compared to renewable-alone and fossil-based systems.
Editorial Material
Thermodynamics
Wojciech Stanek, Wojciech Adamczyk
Article
Thermodynamics
Desheng Xu, Yanfeng Li, Tianmei Du, Hua Zhong, Youbo Huang, Lei Li, Xiangling Duanmu
Summary: This study investigates the optimization of hybrid mechanical-natural ventilation for smoke control in complex metro stations. The results show that atrium fires are more significantly impacted by outdoor temperature variations compared to concourse/platform fires. The gathered high-temperature smoke inside the atrium can reach up to 900 K under a 5 MW train fire energy release. The findings provide crucial engineering insights into integrating weather data and adaptable ventilation protocols for smoke prevention/mitigation.
Article
Thermodynamics
Da Guo, Heping Xie, Mingzhong Gao, Jianan Li, Zhiqiang He, Ling Chen, Cong Li, Le Zhao, Dingming Wang, Yiwei Zhang, Xin Fang, Guikang Liu, Zhongya Zhou, Lin Dai
Summary: This study proposes a new in-situ pressure-preserved coring tool and elaborates its pressure-preserving mechanism. The experimental and field test results demonstrate that this tool has a high pressure-preservation capability and can maintain a stable pressure in deep wells. This study provides a theoretical framework and design standards for the development of similar technologies.
Article
Thermodynamics
Aolin Lai, Qunwei Wang
Summary: This study assesses the impact of China's de-capacity policy on renewable energy development efficiency (REDE) using the Global-MSBM model and the difference-in-differences method. The findings indicate that the policy significantly enhances REDE, promoting technological advancements and marketization. Moreover, regions with stricter environmental regulations experience a higher impact.
Article
Thermodynamics
Mostafa Ghasemi, Hegazy Rezk
Summary: This study utilizes fuzzy modeling and optimization to enhance the performance of microbial fuel cells (MFCs). By simulating and analyzing experimental data sets, the ideal parameter values for increasing power density, COD elimination, and coulombic efficiency were determined. The results demonstrate that the fuzzy model and optimization methods can significantly improve the performance of MFCs.
Article
Thermodynamics
Zhang Ruan, Lianzhong Huang, Kai Wang, Ranqi Ma, Zhongyi Wang, Rui Zhang, Haoyang Zhao, Cong Wang
Summary: This paper proposes a grey box model for fuel consumption prediction of wing-diesel hybrid vessels based on feature construction. By using both parallel and series grey box modeling methods and six machine learning algorithms, twelve combinations of prediction models are established. A feature construction method based on the aerodynamic performance of the wing and the energy relationship of the hybrid system is introduced. The best combination is obtained by considering the root mean square error, and it shows improved accuracy compared to the white box model. The proposed grey box model can accurately predict the daily fuel consumption of wing-diesel hybrid vessels, contributing to operational optimization and the greenization and decarbonization of the shipping industry.
Article
Thermodynamics
Huayi Chang, Nico Heerink, Junbiao Zhang, Ke He
Summary: This study examines the interaction between off-farm employment decisions between couples and household clean energy consumption in rural China, and finds that two-paycheck households are more likely to consume clean energy. The off-farm employment of women is a key factor driving household clean energy consumption to a higher level, with wage-employed wives having a stronger influence on these decisions than self-employed ones.
Article
Thermodynamics
Hanguan Wen, Xiufeng Liu, Ming Yang, Bo Lei, Xu Cheng, Zhe Chen
Summary: Demand-side management is crucial to smart energy systems. This paper proposes a data-driven approach to understand the relationship between energy consumption patterns and household characteristics for better DSM services. The proposed method uses a clustering algorithm to generate optimal customer groups for DSM and a deep learning model for training. The model can predict the possibility of DSM membership for a given household. The results demonstrate the usefulness of weekly energy consumption data and household socio-demographic information for distinguishing consumer groups and the potential for targeted DSM strategies.
Article
Thermodynamics
Xinglan Hou, Xiuping Zhong, Shuaishuai Nie, Yafei Wang, Guigang Tu, Yingrui Ma, Kunyan Liu, Chen Chen
Summary: This study explores the feasibility of utilizing a multi-level horizontal branch well heat recovery system in the Qiabuqia geothermal field. The research systematically investigates the effects of various engineering parameters on production temperature, establishes mathematical models to describe their relationships, and evaluates the economic viability of the system. The findings demonstrate the significant economic feasibility of the multi-level branch well system.
Article
Thermodynamics
Longxin Zhang, Songtao Wang, Site Hu
Summary: This investigation reveals the influence of tip leakage flow on the modern transonic rotor and finds that the increase of tip clearance size leads to a decline in rotor performance. However, an optimal tip clearance size can extend the rotor's stall margin.
Article
Thermodynamics
Kristian Gjoka, Behzad Rismanchi, Robert H. Crawford
Summary: This paper proposes a framework for assessing the performance of 5GDHC systems and demonstrates it through a case study in a university campus in Melbourne, Australia. The results show that 5GDHC systems are a cost-effective and environmentally viable solution in mild climates, and their successful implementation in Australia can create new market opportunities and potential adoption in other countries with similar climatic conditions.
Article
Thermodynamics
Jianwei Li, Guotai Wang, Panpan Yang, Yongshuang Wen, Leian Zhang, Rujun Song, Chengwei Hou
Summary: This study proposes an orientation-adaptive electromagnetic energy harvester by introducing a rotatable bluff body, which allows for self-regulation to cater for changing wind flow direction. Experimental results show that the output power of the energy harvester can be greatly enhanced with increased rotatory inertia of the rotating bluff body, providing a promising solution for harnessing wind-induced vibration energy.
