Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Alex T. Hung, Brian J. Leury, Matthew A. Sabin, Fahri Fahri, Kristy DiGiacomo, Tu-Fa Lien, Frank R. Dunshea
Summary: Two studies evaluated the effect of nano chromium picolinate (nCrPic) on sheep during heat stress. The results showed that dietary nCrPic can increase feed intake and weight gain, as well as alleviate the negative effects of heat stress on sheep.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xu Mo, Jingya Qian, Peng Liu, Hongli Zeng, Guanghui Chen, Yue Wang
Summary: This study explores the effects of betaine on rice seed germination under heat stress and its regulatory mechanisms. The results show that soaking seeds with 10 mM of betaine can promote rice seed germination under heat stress. This is achieved by enhancing antioxidant enzyme activity, reducing malondialdehyde content, increasing soluble protein content, and regulating the content and signal transduction of endogenous hormones. Transcriptome analysis reveals that betaine promotes seed germination by regulating the biosynthesis and metabolism of gibberellins, auxin, and abscisic acid.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Seung Yeon Won, Gi Ppeum Han, Chan Ho Kwon, Eun Cheol Lee, Dong Yong Kil
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effect of dietary betaine (Bet) and glycine (Gly) alone or in combination on productive performance, stress response, liver health, and intestinal barrier function in broiler chickens under heat stress conditions. The results showed that supplementation of betaine, glycine, or their combination improved the body weight and growth rate of broiler chickens, but the effect was still lower compared to the thermoneutral condition.
Review
Plant Sciences
Chao Zhou, Shengjiang Wu, Chaochan Li, Wenxuan Quan, Anping Wang
Summary: High-temperature stress significantly impacts the growth and development of woody plants. Woody plants have mechanisms to adapt to high temperatures by regulating osmotic adjustment substances, antioxidant enzyme activities, and transcription control factors. The ability of woody plants to sense high-temperature stimuli and initiate physiological, biochemical, and genomic changes is crucial for their survival.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Ahmed A. Saleh, Hossam M. El-Tahan, Mohammed Shaban, Wael A. Morsy, Salwa Genedy, Mohammed H. Alzawqari, Hatem M. El-Tahan, Mustafa Shukry, Tarek A. Ebeid, Amira El-Keredy, Khairiah Alwutayd, Rashed A. Alhotan, Mohammed A. A. Al-Badwi, Elsayed Osman Sewlim Hussein, In Ho Kim, Sungbo Cho, Abdel-Moneim Eid Abdel-Moneim
Summary: Global warming and climate changes have a detrimental impact on poultry production. This study found that adding betaine and organic minerals can improve the growth performance of broiler chickens and mitigate the negative impacts of heat stress.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Ahmed A. Al-Sagan, Abdullah H. Al-Yemni, Alaeldein M. Abudabos, Abdulaziz A. Al-Abdullatif, Elsayed O. Hussein
Summary: The experiment demonstrated that dietary fortification of betaine improved growth performance and production efficiency of broiler chickens, especially under high-temperature conditions. Betaine supplementation during heat stress reduced the negative impact on performance, suggesting it as a useful tool for improving poultry production in hot regions.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Smi Ullah, Helen Bramley, Tariq Mahmood, Richard Trethowan
Summary: The study found that wheat genotypes derived from emmer wheat have a positive impact on heat stress tolerance, with genotypes showing higher emmer contribution in their genome exhibiting superior trait values.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Kristy DiGiacomo, Sarah Simpson, Brian J. Leury, Frank R. Dunshea
Summary: This study investigated the effect of dietary betaine supplementation on physiological responses to heat exposure in sheep. The results showed that betaine supplementation improved insulin signaling and lipid metabolism in sheep. These findings suggest that betaine can potentially mitigate the negative effects of heat exposure on metabolic health.
Article
Biology
Mohmmad Al-Qaisi, Anas Abdelqader, Mohannad Abuajamieh, Mohamed A. Abedal-Majed, Abdur-Rahman A. Al-Fataftah
Summary: This experiment investigated the effects of betaine supplementation on laying performance, metabolism, intestinal morphology, and follicular development in heat-stressed hens. The results showed that betaine supplementation decreased rectal temperature, improved egg production, and slightly altered metabolism. However, betaine had no effect on intestinal and follicular measurements in heat-stressed hens.
JOURNAL OF THERMAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lei Zhang, Yun Dai, Lixin Yue, Guohu Chen, Lingyun Yuan, Shifan Zhang, Fei Li, Hui Zhang, Guoliang Li, Shidong Zhu, Jinfeng Hou, Xiaoyan Tang, Shujiang Zhang, Chenggang Wang
Summary: This study examined the heat tolerance mechanisms and metabolic pathways in Chinese cabbage. The heat-tolerant line exhibited significant changes in physiological indicators and gene expression under heat stress. Additionally, hormone signaling and oxidative stress responses were found to play important roles in heat tolerance.
Article
Reproductive Biology
Yu Cai, Mingtian Deng, Qifan Zhang, Zifei Liu, Liang Wang, Wenwen Sheng, Yanli Zhang, Peihua You, Ziyu Wang, Feng Wang
Summary: This study investigated the effects of dietary betaine supplementation on lipid metabolism, immunity, and testicular oxidative status in Hu sheep. Results showed that betaine supplementation improved the antioxidant capacity of Hu sheep, serum lipid metabolism, and immune response.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Ahmed Mohammed, Manal Mahmoud, Raj Murugesan, Heng-wei Cheng
Summary: The study aimed to evaluate the effect of a synbiotic containing a probiotic and a prebiotic on fear response, memory assessment, and selected stress indicators in broilers subjected to heat stress. The results indicate that the synbiotic can be used as a growth promoter to reduce fear response and stress state of heat-stressed broilers.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Deok Yun Kim, Gi Ppeum Han, Chiwoong Lim, Jun-Mo Kim, Dong Yong Kil
Summary: This study investigated the effects of dietary betaine supplementation on hepatic transcriptome profiles in broiler chickens raised under heat stress conditions. Results showed that heat stress negatively impacted growth performance and altered gene expression in the liver. Dietary betaine supplementation may counteract heat stress by improving liver function, facilitating gluconeogenesis, and enhancing immune systems.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hongyan Li, Yanzhi Zeng, Xinyu Zheng, Guangjun Wang, Jingjing Tian, Wangbao Gong, Yun Xia, Kai Zhang, Zhifei Li, Wenping Xie, Jun Xie, Ermeng Yu
Summary: The study found that betaine promotes the growth of mandarin fish and can alleviate oxidative stress and ER stress caused by a high-carbohydrate diet, as well as reduce autophagy and apoptosis.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rong Xue, Ruirui Mo, Dongkai Cui, Wencong Cheng, Haoyu Wang, Jinxia Qin, Zhenshan Liu
Summary: As sessile organisms, plants have developed complex mechanisms to respond rapidly to changing ambient temperatures. Temperature response in plants is regulated by a multilayer network, including transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulations. Alternative splicing (AS), being a key player in this regulatory network, is influenced by various upstream regulations and affects downstream mechanisms, contributing to the modulation of gene function in plant temperature response.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
A. Joy, S. Taheri, F. R. Dunshea, B. J. Leury, K. DiGiacomo, R. Osei-Amponsah, G. Brodie, S. S. Chauhan
Summary: Heat stress negatively affects sheep welfare and performance, making accurate and non-invasive measurement of heat stress important. This study successfully predicted rectal temperature in sheep subjected to heat stress using a combination of infrared thermography and machine learning techniques, providing a rapid and cost-effective method for monitoring real-time body temperatures in sheep and detecting heat stress with minimal restraint.
SMALL RUMINANT RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Minghao Zhang, Robyn D. Warner, Frank R. Dunshea, Kristy DiGiacomo, Aleena Joy, Archana Abhijith, Pragna Prathap, Ting Ma, Surinder S. Chauhan
Summary: The experiment investigated the impact of heatwaves on the physiology, muscle metabolism, and meat quality of lambs. Short-term heatwaves had significant negative effects on animal physiology but did not affect muscle metabolism and meat quality.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Kristy DiGiacomo, Fernanda Zamuner, Yushu Sun, Frank R. Dunshea, Jared K. Raynes, Brian J. Leury
Summary: Evidence suggests that camel milk can improve glycemic control in pigs, although the mode of action is not understood.
Review
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
F. Zamuner, B. J. Leury, K. DiGiacomo
Summary: Goat kid rearing is crucial for the future productivity and health of dairy goats, as early-life nutrition has long-term effects. This literature review collects research on various aspects of rearing replacement dairy goat kids, such as colostrum management, liquid feeding, weaning strategies, and postweaning nutrition. It highlights gaps in the existing literature and areas for further refinement and validation of recommendations, providing valuable information for the development of management plans.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Pragna Prathap, Surinder S. Chauhan, Brian J. Leury, Jeremy J. Cottrell, Aleena Joy, Minghao Zhang, Frank R. Dunshea
Summary: This study investigated the effects of a dietary starch and protein binding agent and heat stress on methane emissions and rumen parameters in Merino lambs. The results showed that the treated wheat-based diet had lower methane emissions compared to the untreated wheat-based diet, and the wheat-based diet had lower methane emissions compared to the maize-based diet. Methane emissions were lower during heat stress compared to thermoneutral conditions, with intermediate emissions during cyclic heat stress and high feeding levels. The study concludes that feeding Merino lambs the treated diet can reduce methane emissions without affecting starch digestibility.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Emma M. Ockenden, Victoria M. Russo, Brian J. Leury, Khageswor Giri, William J. Wales
Summary: This experiment studied the long-term effects of different preweaning feeding methods on dairy cattle's immune system. It found that high volume feeding resulted in better immune response during the preweaning phase, and this effect continued even after 9 months of weaning. These results highlight the positive impact of preweaning nutrition on the development of the immune system in dairy cattle.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Kristy DiGiacomo, Sarah Simpson, Brian J. Leury, Frank R. Dunshea
Summary: This study investigated the effect of dietary betaine supplementation on physiological responses to heat exposure in sheep. The results showed that betaine supplementation improved insulin signaling and lipid metabolism in sheep. These findings suggest that betaine can potentially mitigate the negative effects of heat exposure on metabolic health.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Bereket Zeleke Tunkala, Kristy DiGiacomo, Pablo S. Alvarez Hess, Frank R. Dunshea, Brian J. Leury
Summary: The first phase of the experiment evaluated the effects of two rumen fluid (RF) storage methods on gas composition and dry matter disappearance (DMD) in wheat grain and lucerne hay under in vitro fermentation. The second phase aimed to quantify the impact of preserving RF for 180 days at -20 degrees C on in vitro fermentation parameters. Storing RF at -20 degrees C showed lower methane composition and higher gas production and DMD compared to storing RF at -80 degrees C, suggesting its preference when fresh RF is limited.
FERMENTATION-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
N. Norbu, P. S. Alvarez-Hess, B. J. Leury, M. L. Douglas, M. M. Wright, S. R. O. Williams, A. L. Thomson, V. M. Russo, M. C. Hannah, W. J. Wales, M. J. Auldist
Summary: Dry matter intake (DMI) is a crucial factor affecting milk production in grazing dairy cows. This study aimed to determine the quantity and mass of swallowed boli in Holstein-Friesian dairy cattle fed different forages and to evaluate indirect methods for counting swallows. The results showed that the mass of swallowed boli varied with forage type, and using a microphone attached to the cow's forehead provided an accurate measure of swallows.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Hieu Huu Le, Weicheng Zhao, John Barton Furness, Majid Shakeri, Kristy Digiacomo, Eugeni Roura, David Renaudeau, Nicolas Kurt Gabler, Brian Joseph Leury, Frank Rowland Dunshea, Gene Wijffels, Jeremy James Cottrell
Summary: Climate change increases the risk of heat stress in pig production, leading to decreased efficiency. This study investigated the effects of recombinant superoxide dismutase (rSOD) on oxidative stress and inflammatory responses in heat-stressed pigs. The results suggest that using in-feed SOD enzymes may be a beneficial strategy for preventing oxidative stress in pigs.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Richard Osei-Amponsah, Frank R. Dunshea, Brian J. Leury, Archana Abhijith, Surinder S. Chauhan
Summary: Heat waves in Australia are becoming more severe and frequent, causing stress on dairy cattle. A study investigated the relationship between heat-tolerant phenotypes and genomic breeding values for various selection indices. The findings showed positive associations between heat-tolerant phenotypes and breeding values for heat tolerance, fertility, and fat percentage.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
K. DiGiacomo