Journal
THERAPEUTIC ADVANCES IN CHRONIC DISEASE
Volume 7, Issue 1, Pages 52-67Publisher
SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD
DOI: 10.1177/2040622315612745
Keywords
ocular itching; histamine; mast cell; IgE; allergic conjunctivitis; CAC; antihistamines; alcaftadine; olopatadine
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Allergic conjunctivitis is one of the most common allergic conditions worldwide. Its incidence is increasing due to changing climate, pollution, increased pollen loads, and the subject's heightened immunological sensitivity in response to these environmental changes. The pathophysiology predominantly involves immunoglobulin E-related mast-cell activation, with release of histamine and other mediators contributing to the propagation of the response by calling in other immune cells and further inflammation. This article presents the evolution of ocular allergy treatments, from vasoconstrictors, to antihistamines and mast-cell stabilizers, to the dual-acting agents, as well as corticosteroid and immunomodulatory options. Future targets for allergy treatment are also discussed.
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