Article
Oceanography
E. A. Harris, R. Marsh, J. P. Grist
Summary: The volume of warm ocean water above 26.5°C in the Main Development Region (MDR) is crucial for the energy supply of major hurricanes in the Atlantic. A Lagrangian approach is used to track the origin of this warm water over a seasonal scale using a high-resolution ocean model hindcast. The results show that the warm water in the MDR comes from different sources, including local heating, the North Brazil Current, and Ekman drift, and changes in their contributions can impact the intensity of hurricane seasons.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Eric J. Shearer, Vesta Afzali Gorooh, Phu Nguyen, Kuo-Lin Hsu, Soroosh Sorooshian
Summary: Climate modeling studies predict that anthropogenic warming leads to increased precipitation rates and volumes from tropical cyclones (TCs). An experimental global high-resolution climate data record of precipitation, produced using infrared satellite imagery, shows a general increase in mean and extreme rainfall rates during the period of 1980-2019. All TC basins have experienced intensification in precipitation rates, with the highest increases observed in the North Atlantic, South Indian, and South Pacific basins. Increases in TC rainfall rates have also led to higher mean precipitation volumes globally, particularly from the strongest TCs.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Philip J. Klotzbach, Carl J. Schreck, Gilbert P. Compo, Steven G. Bowen, Ethan J. Gibney, Eric C. J. Oliver, Michael M. Bell
Summary: The 1933 Atlantic hurricane season was exceptionally active, setting multiple historical records with 20 named storms, 11 hurricanes, and 6 major hurricanes. Favorable dynamic conditions and above-normal tropical Atlantic sea surface temperatures created an optimal environment for hurricane formation and intensification. Statistical models used by Colorado State University predicted the high activity of the 1933 hurricane season.
BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Denise Fernandez, Melissa Bowen, Philip Sutton
Summary: The wind-driven baroclinic Rossby waves play a fundamental role in the correlation between global ocean surface temperatures and ocean heat content. These waves contribute to the adjustment of ocean circulation and modulate the air-sea heat flux at mid-latitudes. This study finds that the Rossby waves crossing the South Pacific at 35 degrees S can explain up to 70% of the interannual variance of the heat flux, contributing to the increase in heat in the central Pacific.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Hua Su, Yanan Wei, Wenfang Lu, Xiao-Hai Yan, Hongsheng Zhang
Summary: By comparing different datasets, this study reveals that global ocean warming has been continuously increasing over the past three decades, with more heat being absorbed by the deeper ocean. The OPEN dataset, reconstructed through remote sensing, shows a unique warming pattern in the East Indian Ocean.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Elizabeth E. Westbrook, Frederick M. Bingham, Severine Fournier, Akiko Hayashi
Summary: Satellite validation is the process of comparing satellite measurements with in-situ measurements to ensure their accuracy. Different errors, including instrumental errors, retrieval errors, and representation differences, contribute to the discrepancies between satellite and in-situ sea surface salinity (SSS) measurements. This study aims to determine the most effective method for minimizing representation differences in the comparison of in-situ and satellite measurements. The tested methods include averaging methods and single salinity difference methods, and the root mean square differences (RMSD) between simulated in-situ and satellite measurements are used to evaluate their performance. The SSDT validation strategy is recommended as it is computationally efficient, considers both temporal and spatial proximity, does not smooth instrumental errors with averaging, and yields slightly higher RMSD values compared to the optimized NCLO method.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Yangyang Liu, Ruoying He, Zhongping Lee
Summary: The study found that using a model based on inherent optical properties for ocean simulation can more accurately predict sea surface temperature, upper ocean thermal structure, and OHC. Validation showed that ocean optical properties and the application of an appropriate solar attenuation model are crucial for forecasting hurricane intensity.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Javier A. Concha, Marco Bracaglia, Vittorio E. Brando
Summary: This study compared two validation approaches using a common dataset of in situ and satellite data, showing that different validation methods can influence the accuracy impression of satellite products. Additionally, despite using the same in situ reference dataset, the validation statistical results were influenced by the validation approach selected.
REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Geography, Physical
Tian R. Tian, Alexander D. Fraser, Noriaki Kimura, Chen Zhao, Petra Heil
Summary: Antarctic sea ice kinematics is important for the Southern Ocean climate and ecosystems. Validation studies for satellite observations of sea ice kinematics in the Antarctic are limited. A comparison between a widely used satellite-derived sea ice motion product and buoy-derived velocities reveals two issues in the former. After rectification, the performance of the daily composite sea ice motion product is found to depend on latitude, satellite swaths, and the heterogeneity of the underlying satellite signal. Comparison of different timescale velocity datasets suggests a high sensitivity to observation timescale. A new generation of sea ice velocity datasets with different observational timescales is necessary for future research.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Adam Lawson, Jennifer Bowers, Sherwin Ladner, Richard Crout, Christopher Wood, Robert Arnone, Paul Martinolich, David Lewis
Summary: SAVANT was developed to assess the stability and accuracy of ocean color satellites using in situ platforms globally. The study evaluated the impact of varying spatial constraints on match-up uncertainty and aimed to establish an optimal match-up protocol for satellite ocean color calibration and validation.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Jacob R. Davis, Jim Thomson, Isabel A. Houghton, James D. Doyle, William A. Komaromi, Chris W. Fairall, Elizabeth J. Thompson, Jonathan R. Moskaitis
Summary: Drifting buoy observations and modeled surface wind speeds were used to study ocean surface waves in hurricanes. The analysis found that wave slopes increase linearly with wind speed at low-to-moderate winds, but the rate of increase reduces at higher winds and eventually reaches an asymptote at extreme winds. The findings suggest that the behavior of wave slope could contribute to the reduction of surface drag at high wind speeds.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Jacob R. Davis, Jim Thomson, Isabel A. Houghton, James D. Doyle, William A. Komaromi, Chris W. Fairall, Elizabeth J. Thompson, Jonathan R. Moskaitis
Summary: This study combines drifting buoy observations and modeled surface wind speeds to investigate the characteristics of ocean surface waves in hurricanes. The results show that wave slopes increase linearly with wind speed at low-to-moderate winds, but the rate of increase is reduced at higher winds. At extreme winds, the wave slopes asymptote. The relationship between wave slope and wind speed has implications for surface drag reduction at high wind speeds.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Taimoor Sohail, Damien B. Irving, Jan D. Zika, Ryan M. Holmes, John A. Church
Summary: The study reveals that the ocean has absorbed a significant amount of heat, which can be traced back to warmer regions, with the cooling bias in the models traced back to inaccuracies in sea surface temperatures and heat fluxes.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Bingqing Liu, Eurico J. D'Sa, Francesca Messina, Melissa M. Baustian, Kanchan Maiti, Victor H. Rivera-Monroy, Wei Huang, Ioannis Y. Georgiou
Summary: Transport of riverine and wetland-derived dissolved organic carbon connects terrestrial and aquatic carbon reservoirs in coastal deltaic regions. This study investigated the dynamics and fluxes of DOC in the Mississippi River Delta Plain, which includes large rivers, estuaries, wetlands, and coastal forests. The results showed that extreme flood events and hurricanes significantly contributed to the flux of DOC from the rivers and wetlands into the estuarine and continental shelf waters. The findings highlight the importance of storms and flood events in the transport and transformation of carbon in coastal ecosystems.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Oceanography
S. Katsura, J. Sprintall, F. M. Bingham
Summary: The barrier layer (BL) acts as a barrier to heat and momentum exchange between the surface and subsurface ocean and plays a significant role in air-sea interaction. Shipboard observations revealed the presence of BLs and associated temperature inversions (TIs) in the Eastern Pacific Fresh Pool. Surface flows, such as wind-driven Ekman flow and geostrophic flow, contribute to the formation of BLs and TIs through freshening and cooling processes.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
(2021)
Article
Oceanography
Benjamin Jaimes, Lynn K. Shay
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY
(2015)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Benjamin Jaimes, Lynn K. Shay, Eric W. Uhlhorn
MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW
(2015)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Benjamin Jaimes, Lynn K. Shay, Jodi K. Brewster
DYNAMICS OF ATMOSPHERES AND OCEANS
(2016)
Article
Oceanography
J. E. Rudzin, L. K. Shay, B. Jaimes, J. K. Brewster
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
(2017)
Article
Oceanography
Benjamin Jaimes, Lynn K. Shay
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY
(2010)
Article
Oceanography
Benjamin James, Lynn K. Shay, George R. Halliwell
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY
(2011)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Benjamin Jaimes, Lynn K. Shay
MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW
(2009)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Joshua B. Wadler, Jun A. Zhang, Benjamin Jaimes, Lynn K. Shay
MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW
(2018)
Article
Oceanography
Luna Hiron, Benjamin Jaimes de la Cruz, Lynn K. Shay
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
(2020)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Benjamin Jaimes de la Cruz, Lynn K. Shay, Joshua B. Wadler, Johna E. Rudzin
Summary: Sea-to-air heat fluxes play a crucial role in tropical cyclone development and maintenance, with recent studies highlighting the importance of sea-to-air moisture fluxes in intensifying cyclones even under low wind conditions. The new perspective introduced in this study reveals hyperbolic functions and the efficiency of increasing Delta q in enhancing these fluxes. Investigation of surface heat fluxes in different intensification phases of typhoons showed a capping of wind-driven heat uptake and intense inner-core moisture fluxes driven by larger values of Delta q at moderate wind speeds.
MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW
(2021)