Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Pedro E. S. Silva, Xueyan Lin, Maija Vaara, Mithila Mohan, Jaana Vapaavuori, Eugene M. Terentjev
Summary: Active fabrics are sought after in the development of smart textiles, and liquid crystal elastomers (LCEs) hold promise as the base materials. However, producing suitable LCE filaments for standard textile production methods has been a challenge. This study presents the crafting of active fabrics using LCE yarn woven on a standard loom, allowing control over density and structure. Different weaving patterns were tested, and the twill pattern with stiffer LCE yarn exhibited the greatest blocking force, while the weft rib pattern showed over 10% reversible actuation strain on repeated heating cycles. Circular weaving patterns enabled reversible 3D shape changes in the fabric, creating cone shapes. The seamless combination of active LCE yarns with existing passive yarns could transform the creation of stimuli-responsive textiles.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Heura Ventura, Maria Dolores Alvarez, Laura Gonzalez-Lopez, Josep Claramunt, Monica Ardanuy
Summary: This work presents the development and characterization of new cement-based composite panels reinforced with fibers recovered from waste, aiming for their application on ventilated facades. The environmental impact of these panels was evaluated and compared with similar materials used for ventilated facades. It was found that the new composite material has similar environmental performance to fiber cement facing tiles and outperforms traditional ceramic tiles and natural stone plates.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Yu Wang, Yanan Jiao, Peng Wang
Summary: The friction between twisted yarns in textile reinforcements during manufacturing is a critical issue that affects the mechanical properties of the preform. This study developed an analytical model based on Hertzian contact theory to describe friction behavior between twisted yarns in orthogonal and non-orthogonal contact. The model considered the contact angle and fiber orientation influenced by twist. Experimental results confirmed the efficacy of the model. The developed model enables characterization of yarn-yarn friction under different conditions, optimizing the textile preform forming process and enhancing mechanical properties of composites.
Article
Materials Science, Textiles
Nour F. Attia, A. A. El Ebissy, Mahmoud S. Morsy, Rasha A. Sadak, Heba Gamal
Summary: The study found that applying nanocomposite coatings to textile fabrics can significantly enhance their thermal stability, tensile strength, and UV shielding capability. Additionally, the type of textile structure plays a significant role in determining these properties.
JOURNAL OF NATURAL FIBERS
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Li Wang, Yile Pan, Duoduo He, Liying Qian, Xiuhua Cao, Beihai He, Junrong Li
Summary: By coating thiol groups grafted polyester fabrics with a condensed silver layer through electroless plating, highly conductive and stable textile electrodes for electrocardiogram (ECG) acquisition have been obtained. The electrodes showed good stability during stretching, bending, oxidation, and washing tests.
ACS APPLIED POLYMER MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
M. El Kadi, L. Nahum, A. Peled, T. Tysmans
Summary: Textile Reinforced Cementitious (TRC) composites are versatile materials that can be modeled using discrete or smeared approaches, with the flexural behavior strongly influenced by non-uniform reinforcement distribution. Semi-smeared methods address these challenges by stacking smeared layers with individual properties, striking a balance between discrete and smeared approaches.
MATERIALS AND STRUCTURES
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Yuhao Tan, Yanxue Ma, Jingyan Liu, Zongjun Liu, Fengfan Wu, Yuling Li
Summary: This study demonstrates the application of flock-reinforced shear thickening gel in protective equipment. Three-dimensional woven fabrics with folded structures were efficiently manufactured using a modified loom, and 3D FRSTG/woven fabric composites were produced through a simple inclusion procedure. These composites exhibit flexibility and breathability, and show responsive impact resistance. Wearable protective applications prove the integration of breathability and impact resistance in these composites.
COMPOSITES PART A-APPLIED SCIENCE AND MANUFACTURING
(2024)
Article
Mechanics
Guangtao Zhai, Jiarui Zhang
Summary: Continuous fiber composite lattice structures with intricate unit-cell architectures are manufactured using continuous spatial weaving technique, exhibiting remarkable mechanical properties and multifunctionality. The scalable lattice materials with highly tailored properties are competitive in compressive strength compared to other materials of similar density. This technique combines continuous fiber composites and manufacturing scalability to enable the design and fabrication of scalable lattice materials.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Ziqi Cui, Siman Zhang, Salvatore Viscuso, Alessandra Zanelli
Summary: As global challenges evolve rapidly, lightweight architecture has emerged as an effective and efficient solution. This study explores different weaving methods to develop a customizable textile hybrid structure prototype. The research includes concept design, parametric simulation prototype, and physical scale-up testing, and utilizes Finite Element Analysis, evolutionary computation, Arduino, and a website interface. The prototype offers flexible assembly and disassembly, eco-friendly facade renovation, and contributes to advances in lightweight construction design and textile architecture sustainability.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Qiuyi Huang, Wenlang Li, Zhu Mao, Hao Zhang, Yang Li, Dongyu Ma, Huiyan Wu, Juan Zhao, Zhiyong Yang, Yi Zhang, Li Gong, Matthew P. Aldred, Zhenguo Chi
Summary: The article reports a molecular woven structure of an organic framework with permanent porosity. This structure demonstrates exceptional dynamics in response to different gases and exhibits large-scale elasticity switching and multimode stimuli-responsive luminescence behaviors during reversible structural transformations.
Article
Polymer Science
Tomasz Kozior, Andrea Ehrmann
Summary: During the past decade, research on direct 3D printing on textile fabrics has increased, resulting in composites that combine the advantages of both textile fabrics and 3D printed parts. However, most experiments have used fused deposition modeling (FDM), which often fails to achieve a secure connection between polymer and textile fibers due to high viscosity. A study reported the use of stereolithography (SLA) for direct printing on textile fabrics, but it involves complete soaking of the fabric in resin. PolyJet modeling (PJM) printing offers a solution by combining the advantages of FDM and SLA. This study presents the first proof-of-principle of PolyJet printing on textile fabrics, achieving adhesion forces comparable to the best reported for FDM printing with rigid polymers.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Weibing Zhong, Xiaojuan Ming, Haiqing Jiang, Yiming Ke, Xincheng Ding, Mufang Li, Kangyu Jia, Dong Wang
Summary: This study developed a hierarchical core-shell piezoresistive yarn (HCPY) pressure sensor with high sensitivity, durability, fast response time, and recovery time, which can be used to assemble single-pressure sensors or textile-based flexible pressure sensors arrays with high sensing performance. These wearable pressure sensors have been successfully applied to monitor physical signals and human motions, as well as seamlessly integrated with sportswear to detect movements of the elbow joint and map spatial pressure distribution, showing promising potential for next-generation wearable electronics.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2021)
Article
Mechanics
Hao Wu, Chunyang Huang, Ran Guo, Yiming Liang, Xinming Qian, Mengqi Yuan
Summary: This research investigates the influence of clamping methods and weaving architectures on the ballistic mechanism of 3D orthogonal through-the-thickness interlock woven fabric. The numerical simulation results were verified with ballistic experiments and showed a good match. The clamping method has a significant effect on the fabric's performance, while the structure has limited influence on the ballistic performance of multi-layer fabrics.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Farid Elsehrawy, Bettina Blomstedt, Elina Ilen, Elina Palovuori, Janne Halme
Summary: Integrating solar cells into textiles for wearable electronics requires careful optimization for energy efficiency and aesthetic appearance. This study systematically investigates the optical properties of knitted textiles as visually concealing covers for textile-integrated solar cells. By studying 175 knitted samples using optical characterization methods, the researchers developed metrics to evaluate solar cell performance and visual appearance, enabling the optimization of textiles based on desired characteristics. The findings demonstrate a design compromise between solar cell performance and concealment, with 23 samples out of 175 identified as the best in performance and concealment.
SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS
(2023)
Article
Mechanics
Philipp Preinstorfer, Serdar Yanik, Johannes Kirnbauer, Janet M. Lees, Agathe Robisson
Summary: This study investigates the cracking behavior of textile-reinforced concrete (TRC) with epoxy-impregnated textiles. The results show that sand-coating treatment can significantly decrease the transverse crack width, while the geometry of the plain fibre strands leads to differences in measured crack widths. Regardless of the surface treatment, splitting cracks are observed in TRC structures with concrete covers thicker than 15 mm. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of TRC cracking behavior and provide a comprehensive database for further research, establishing the basis for unified regulations regarding the limit states of TRC structures.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Textiles
Mulat Alubel Abtew, Francois Boussu, Pascal Bruniaux, Carmen Loghin, Irina Cristian, Yan Chen, Lichaun Wang
Summary: The research demonstrates that woven fabric type, impact locations, and number of layers have a significant impact on the ballistic performance of target panels for lightweight women ballistic vest design. For example, 40 layers of two-dimensional plain weave fabric panels exhibit lower trauma measurement values compared to their counterparts with three-dimensional warp interlock fabrics.
JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL TEXTILES
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Textiles
Mulat Alubel Abtew, Francois Boussu, Pascal Bruniaux, Carmen Loghin, Irina Cristian, Yan Chen, Lichuan Wang
Summary: The study explored the effects of weaving process and warp yarn ratios on the multi-filament yarn degradation and mechanical performances of 3D warp interlock fabric. The results indicated that both weaving process and warp yarn ratios significantly impacted the tensile properties of the yarn, highlighting the importance of these factors in determining the overall mechanical performance of the final products.
JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL TEXTILES
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Textiles
Mengru Li, Peng Wang, Francois Boussu, Damien Soulat
Summary: This study investigates the stab resistance of fabrics constructed from 3D warp interlock structures, finding that the orthogonal and through-the-thickness interlock structure improves stab resistance. Additionally, the number of fabric plies has an influence on stab resistance.
JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL TEXTILES
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Textiles
Mehmet Korkmaz, Ayse Okur, Ahmad Rashed Labanieh, Francois Boussu
Summary: Composite materials reinforced with 3D warp interlock fabrics show excellent mechanical properties, but further research is needed to understand the forming behaviors of fabrics produced with high stiffness yarns. This study produced 3D warp interlock carbon fabrics and investigated the influence of fabric architecture on mechanical and formability properties.
JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL TEXTILES
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Shahood Uz Zaman, Xuyuan Tao, Cedric Cochrane, Vladan Koncar
Summary: E-textiles, a combination of electronic components and textiles, face challenges in washability, reliability, and user acceptance. This study investigates the mechanical stresses during the washing process and emphasizes the importance of different washing actions in the overall process. Analysis of fabric movements and power spectral density helps identify ways to improve mechanical tests for e-textile systems under washing stress.
Article
Polymer Science
Mulat Alubel Abtew, Francois Boussu, Pascal Bruniaux, Yan Hong
Summary: The study investigated the ballistic impact performances of armor panels made of different 3D woven fabric variants, revealing the influence of yarn composition on ballistic behavior. Panels made of 8/0 and 4/8 fabric variants were perforated, while those made of 8/8 and 8/4 fabric variants showed no perforation. Furthermore, the armor made of the 8/4 fabric variant exhibited higher surface displacements compared to other armors.
Article
Materials Science, Composites
Mengru Li, Peng Wang, Francois Boussu, Damien Soulat
Summary: This research paper showcases recent advancements in the manufacturing technique of 3D warp interlock fabrics, including the design of different types of fabrics, weaving process issues and solutions, as well as the study of yarn abrasion during manufacturing.
APPLIED COMPOSITE MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Ahmed Abed, Zineb Samouh, Cedric Cochrane, Francois Boussu, Omar Cherkaoui, Reddad El Moznine, Julien Vieillard
Summary: This study developed a sensor yarn based on natural sisal yarn and investigated the impact of different PEDOT:PSS coating layers on the performance of the sensor yarn. The results showed that the number of coating layers strongly influenced the electromechanical behaviors of the sensor yarns, with accurate and stable responses under cyclic conditions. Further research is ongoing to explore the mechanism behind the initial results obtained from these sisal fiber-based sensors.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Mengru Li, Peng Wang, Francois Boussu, Damien Soulat
Summary: This study demonstrates that fabric structures significantly affect stab impact properties, with orthogonal/thorough-the-thickness interlock fabrics having better stab resistance; fabrics with a stab angle of 90 degrees exhibit better single-pass stab impact performance than those with a 0-degree angle; double-pass stabbing tests show improved conditions when stab angles are consistent in each pass.
MATERIALS & DESIGN
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Shahood uz Zaman, Xuyuan Tao, Cedric Cochrane, Vladan Koncar
Summary: The development of user-based wearable smart textiles is gaining interest, with a focus on the reliability and washability of e-textiles and electronic components. New standards are needed for product usage, especially in terms of flexibility and washability, in order to adopt these products into daily life effectively. Wearable motherboards play a key role in the system and should be washing reliable and flexible for better adoption.
Article
Polymer Science
Vasilica Popescu, Alexandra Cristina Blaga, Melinda Pruneanu, Irina Niculina Cristian, Marius Pislaru, Andrei Popescu, Vlad Rotaru, Igor Cretescu, Dan Cascaval
Summary: Betalains extracted from beetroot peels can be used in environmentally friendly dyeing processes for wool materials, with the most intense red colors achieved through functionalization in acidic environments. The color intensity varies depending on the pH and concentration of betalains.
Article
Polymer Science
Vasilica Popescu, Ingrid Ioana Buciscanu, Melinda Pruneanu, Stelian Sergiu Maier, Angela Danila, Vasilica Maier, Marius Pislaru, Vlad Rotaru, Irina Niculina Cristian, Andrei Popescu, Bogdan Istrate, Alexandra Cristina Blaga, Florin Ciolacu, Igor Cretescu, Petronela Chelariu, Marina Marin
Summary: This study demonstrates that the coloration of a polymer can be enhanced through functionalization treatments using organo-hypervalent iodine reagent, without the need for dyes. Functionalization led to the formation of iodinehydrin groups in polymers, directly influencing the obtained color, and introducing new functional groups allowing for dyeing with specific dyes. The results show a potential new method for improving dyeing capacity in polymers.
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Shahood Uz Zaman, Xuyuan Tao, Cedric Cochrane, Vladan Koncar
Summary: E-textiles are new products that integrate electronic components into textile products, providing various applications, especially in the medical field. This review provides a basic overview of e-textile systems, their applications in medical innovations, and discusses the properties and limitations of customized e-textile products, as well as recommendations for enhancing their integration into the medical field.
Article
Materials Science, Textiles
Mengru Li, Francois Boussu, Damien Soulat, Jie Luo, Peng Wang
Summary: High-performance fibres are commonly used in reinforced polymer fabrics and composites for stab-resistant personal protection equipment. This study introduces a new methodology called pre-deformed stabbing to analyze stab performance considering fabric deformations. The results show that different mode deformations during forming influence the stabbing outcomes, and the stabbing location significantly affects the stab resistance of 3DWIFs.
JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL TEXTILES
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Keyu Zhu, Xitao Zheng, Jing Peng, Jiaming Sun, Ruilin Huang, Leilei Yan
Summary: This paper discusses the influence of multiple impacts on the compression strength of honeycomb sandwich structures with composite face sheets. It is found that the size of the impactor affects the turning point of the compression strength. Additionally, high impact energy leads to damage in the bottom face sheet and reduces the overall compression strength.
COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Danqian Wang, Yanfei Yue, Jueshi Qian
Summary: Magnesium Potassium Phosphate Cement (MKPC) as a binder for steel rebars shows improved corrosion resistance when subjected to carbonation, due to the increase in pH and the formation of a more protective oxide film.
COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Zhibin Li, Wenyu Wang, Pengcheng Xue, Xingyu Wei, Jian Xiong
Summary: This work proposes a design approach and manufacturing method for carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) corrugated sandwich truncated cones (CSTC) to improve their anti-debonding ability and ensure reliability. The study establishes theoretical models for CSTCs' stiffness and failure modes, which are verified through experiments and finite element analysis (FEA). The research reveals the effect of geometric parameters on failure modes and performs an optimal design for CSTC structures. The findings have significant implications for the design and application of lightweight CSTCs in constructions, such as launch vehicle adapters.
COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Mingyu Zhang, Lei Chu, Jiahua Chen, Fuxun Qi, Xiaoyan Li, Xinliang Chen, Deng-Guang Yu
Summary: This review summarizes the different structures and construction methods of fibrous membranes with asymmetric wettability. It also reviews the biological applications of these membranes and suggests future challenges.
COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
E. Mofakhami, L. Gervat, B. Fayolle, G. Miquelard-Garnier, C. Ovalle, L. Laiarinandrasana
Summary: This study investigates the effects of fibre concentration on the mechanical response of welded glass-fibre-reinforced polypropylene (GF-PP). Experimental observations reveal a significant reduction in weld ratio, up to 60%, indicating a decreased strength compared to the bulk material. Increasing fibre content in the welded material results in a decrease in stress at break and strain at the maximum stress. The use of DIC technique and X-ray microtomography further confirms the localized strain amplification in the welded zone due to the significant increase in fibre density.
COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Emad Pourahmadi, Farjad Shadmehri, Rajamohan Ganesan
Summary: This research compares the mechanical properties of laminates manufactured using automated fiber placement and conventional autoclave curing methods. The results show that laminates manufactured using automated fiber placement have a lower interlaminar shear strength compared to laminates reconsolidated using autoclave curing. A finite element simulation method is proposed to quantitatively analyze these differences.
COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Johnny Jakobsen, Benny Endelt, Fahimeh Shakibapour
Summary: This study proposes a new bolted/pinned joining method for composite applications, which improves load transfer by introducing a patch-type reinforcement. Experimental results demonstrate significant improvements in both static and fatigue load conditions compared to existing methods. Finite element simulations highlight the advantage of this method, as it creates a more efficient load-transferring mechanism through different stress distributions.
COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Gisele G. Cintra, Janine D. Vieira, Daniel C. T. Cardoso, Thomas Keller
Summary: This paper proposes a novel approach to assess multi-crack behavior in layered fiber-polymer composites. The generated Compliance and R-curves provide useful insights into understanding the multiple delamination process and allow for separate evaluation of strain energy release rate (SERR) for each crack. The developed cohesive zone model successfully simulates the failure process zone of three parallel cracks, showing good agreement between the numerical model and experimental results.
COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Renil Thomas Kidangan, Sreedhar Unnikrishnakurup, C. Krishnamurthy, Krishnan Balasubramaniam
Summary: The induction heating process can accurately identify fiber orientation and stacking order, making it a valuable tool for large-area inspection and quality control in manufacturing fiber-reinforced composites.
COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Sungjun Hwang, Yousoo Han, Douglas J. Gardner
Summary: Bleached Kraft pulp, unbleached Kraft pulp, and old corrugated cardboard pulp are suitable for producing cellulose nanofibril suspensions. Spray drying is a fast, simple, cost-effective, and scalable drying method. Spray-dried cellulose nanofibrils can be used as reinforcing materials in polypropylene matrices. The particle size of cellulose nanofibrils affects the material properties.
COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Mehdi Mahdavi, Abbas Zolfaghari
Summary: This study aims to improve the recovery forces of shape memory polymers (SMPs) through material extrusion additive manufacturing. By using glass fiber (GF) as reinforcement and manufacturing multi-layer composite specimens, it was found that PLA with 6.62% GF exhibited the best recovery force, which was further optimized through annealing heat treatment.
COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING
(2024)
Review
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Xiang Ao, Antonio Vazquez-Lopez, Davide Mocerino, Carlos Gonzalez, De-Yi Wang
Summary: The vulnerability of natural fibers to heat and fire poses a significant challenge for their substitution of traditional fiber reinforcements in composite materials. Natural fiber/polymer composites (NFCs) are regarded as potential candidates for engineering applications due to their environmental friendliness and low-impact sourcing. Thus, appropriate approaches need to be implemented to enhance the fire safety of NFCs. This review summarizes and discusses the latest understanding of flammability and thermal properties of natural fibers, with a special focus on their interaction with polymer matrix in fire behavior. Additionally, the latest developments in flame-retardant approaches for NFCs are reviewed, covering both flame retardancy and fire structural integrity. Finally, future prospects and perspectives on fire safety of NFCs are proposed, providing insights into further advancements of NFCs.
COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Cheng Wang, Siqi Huo, Guofeng Ye, Bingtao Wang, Zhenghong Guo, Qi Zhang, Pingan Song, Hao Wang, Zhitian Liu
Summary: The demand for multifunctional, transparent epoxy resin with superior dielectric, mechanical, and fire-safety performances is increasing in modern industries. Researchers have developed an epoxidized, phosphaphenanthrene-containing poly(styrene butadiene styrene) (ESD) for advanced fire-safe epoxy resin, which maintains high transparency and improves UV-blocking property. The addition of 10 wt% ESD results in improved mechanical properties, decreased dielectric constant and loss, and outperformance compared to other fire-safe epoxy resins. This research provides an effective method for developing multifunctional flame-retardant epoxy resin.
COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Bo Pang, Heping Zheng, Zuquan Jin, Dongshuai Hou, Yunsheng Zhang, Xiaoyun Song, Yanan Sun, Zhiyong Liu, Wei She, Lin Yang, Mengyuan Li
Summary: This study develops an internal superhydrophobic material (ISM) using waste denitrification fly ash, which maintains stable hydrophobicity under harsh conditions of use and does not rely on expensive fluor-based surface modifications. The synthesized ISM has excellent matrix strength, strong waterproof properties, and retains superhydrophobicity even at damaged or friction interfaces.
COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Meirbek Mussatayev, Qiuji Yi, Mark Fitzgerald, Vincent K. Maes, Paul Wilcox, Robert Hughes
Summary: Real-time monitoring of carbon fibre composites during Automated Fibre Placement (AFP) manufacturing remains a challenge for non-destructive evaluation (NDE) techniques. This study designed a directional eddy-current (EC) probe to evaluate the detectability of out-of-plane wrinkles. Experimental evaluations and finite element modeling were conducted to better understand the relationship between eddy-current density and defect detection. The findings suggest that the probe configuration with an asymmetric driver coil and differential pickup coils shows the best capability for wrinkle detection.
COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING
(2024)
