Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Munetoshi Hinata, Tetsuo Ushiku
Summary: A histology-based deep learning model was constructed to efficiently screen EBV and MSI/dMMR subtypes in gastric cancers, showing high accuracy in detecting the subgroup and highlighting intraepithelial lymphocytosis as a discriminative characteristic shared by EBV and MSI/dMMR tumors. This model offers a potential economical and less time-consuming alternative for stratifying patients who respond to ICIs.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Meike Kohlruss, Marie Krenauer, Bianca Grosser, Nicole Pfarr, Moritz Jesinghaus, Julia Slotta-Huspenina, Alexander Novotny, Alexander Hapfelmeier, Thomas Schmidt, Katja Steiger, Matthias M. Gaida, Magdalena Reiche, Lukas Bauer, Katja Ott, Wilko Weichert, Gisela Keller
Summary: The study investigated the predictive and prognostic value of different molecular subtypes in gastric carcinomas, with a focus on chromosomal instability (CIN) in the context of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (CTx). It was found that EBV(+), MSI-H, and GS were associated with increased survival compared to CIN in resected tumors, while CIN-substantial was a negative prognostic factor in tumors with CTx. CIN-high predicted tumor regression in biopsies before CTx but was not prognostically relevant.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jing Li, Shunya Ohmura, Aruna Marchetto, Martin F. Orth, Roland Imle, Marlene Dallmayer, Julian Musa, Maximilian M. L. Knott, Tilman L. B. Holting, Stefanie Stein, Cornelius M. Funk, Ana Sastre, Javier Alonso, Felix Bestvater, Merve Kasan, Laura Romero-Perez, Wolfgang Hartmann, Andreas Ranft, Ana Banito, Uta Dirksen, Thomas Kirchner, Florencia Cidre-Aranaz, Thomas G. P. Gruenewald
Summary: The study shows that targeting PRC1 or PLK1 can induce fatal genomic instability and tumor regression in EwS model. EWSR1-FLI1, an oncogenic transcription factor specific to EwS, hijacks PRC1 to promote tumor growth by binding to GGAA microsatellite. High PRC1 expression creates a therapeutic vulnerability towards PLK1 inhibition, leading to repression of even chemo-resistant EwS cells by triggering mitotic catastrophe.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Giwon Shin, Stephanie U. Greer, Erik Hopmans, Susan M. Grimes, Hojoon Lee, Lan Zhao, Laura Miotke, Carlos Suarez, Alison F. Almeda, Sigurdis Haraldsdottir, Hanlee P. Ji
Summary: The study revealed the coexistence of different genomic instability states in colorectal carcinomas, with potential contribution from MSH3 mutation. Increased copy number of chromosome arm 8q was most prevalent in tumors with microsatellite instability, and subclonal analysis identified co-occurring driver mutations previously known to be exclusive.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ahmed Malki, Rasha Abu ElRuz, Ishita Gupta, Asma Allouch, Semir Vranic, Ala-Eddin Al Moustafa
Summary: Colorectal cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality rates worldwide, with its prevalence still on the rise. Dysregulation of several cellular signaling pathways in CRC leads to malignant phenotypes. Studying signaling pathways helps elucidate the mechanisms of CRC progression and pharmacotherapy.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Hung-Yuan Yu, Chung-Pin Li, Yi-Hsiang Huang, Shao-Jung Hsu, Yen-Po Wang, Yun-Cheng Hsieh, Wen-Liang Fang, Kuo-Hung Huang, Anna Fen-Yau Li, Rheun-Chuan Lee, Kang-Lung Lee, Yuan-Hung Wu, I-Chun Lai, Wan-Chin Yang, Yi-Ping Hung, Yu-Chao Wang, Shu-Hui Chen, Ming-Huang Chen, Yee Chao
Summary: Immunotherapy has shown benefits in selected cases of gastric cancer, with MSI-H and CPS >= 5 being useful biomarkers associated with better clinical responses and progression-free survival. EBER was only associated with improved outcomes in patients with CPS >= 1.
Article
Oncology
Sangjoon Choi, Hyunjin Kim, You Jeoung Heo, So Young Kang, Soomin Ahn, Jeeyun Lee, Kyoung-Mee Kim
Summary: PIK3CA mutations in gastric cancer affect tumor immunogenicity and may influence therapeutic responses. Different PIK3CA mutation subtypes are associated with distinct immune profiles and expression levels of immune-related proteins in gastric cancer.
JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Hedde D. Biesma, Tanya T. D. Soeratram, Karolina Sikorska, Irene A. Caspers, Hendrik F. van Essen, Jacqueline M. P. Egthuijsen, Aart Mookhoek, Hanneke W. M. van Laarhoven, Mark I. van Berge Henegouwen, Marianne Nordsmark, Donald L. van der Peet, Fabienne A. R. M. Warmerdam, Maud M. Geenen, Olaf J. L. Loosveld, Johanneke E. A. Portielje, Maartje Los, Danielle A. M. Heideman, Elma Meershoek-Klein Kranenbarg, Henk H. Hartgrink, Johanna van Sandick, Marcel Verheij, Cornelis J. H. van de Velde, Annemieke Cats, Bauke Ylstra, Nicole C. T. van Grieken
Summary: This study found that EBV positivity and high microsatellite instability (MSI) were positive prognostic factors in resectable gastric cancer. However, the benefits of perioperative treatment for MSI-high tumors remain uncertain. Interestingly, MSI-high tumors with substantial histopathological response were predominantly of the mucinous phenotype. These findings suggest that mucinous phenotype could be an important parameter in future clinical trials for MSI-high patients.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Na Yang, Yanhua Wu, Meishan Jin, Zhifang Jia, Yueqi Wang, Donghui Cao, Lili Qin, Xueying Wang, Min Zheng, Xueyuan Cao, Jing Jiang
Summary: The study demonstrates that the combination of molecular subtypes with PD-L1 expression in gastric cancer patients can better predict prognosis and guide postoperative chemotherapy. Patients in the MSS/EBV- subgroup may benefit from postoperative chemotherapy, and PD-L1-positive expression could predict a better prognosis.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Chunrong Zhu, Liangjun Zhu, Yanhong Gu, Ping Liu, Xiaoling Tong, Guozhong Wu, Wenyu Zhu, Wenxiang Shen, Hua Bao, Xiangyuan Ma, Ruoying Yu, Xue Wu, Dongqin Zhu, Yongqian Shu, Jifeng Feng
Summary: Gastrointestinal tract cancers in China have high incidence and mortality rates, with colorectal and gastric cancers showing the highest tumor mutation burden. Mutations in polymerase and mismatch repair genes are enriched in high-mutation tumors, with chromosomal instability predominantly in colorectal and gastric cancers. The study provides insights into the molecular landscape and genetic differences between tumor locations in Chinese gastrointestinal cancers.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Olusegun Isaac Alatise, Gregory C. Knapp, Avinash Sharma, Walid K. Chatila, Olukayode A. Arowolo, Olalekan Olasehinde, Olusola C. Famurewa, Adeleye D. Omisore, Akinwumi O. Komolafe, Olaejinrinde O. Olaofe, Aba I. Katung, David E. Ibikunle, Adedeji A. Egberongbe, Samuel A. Olatoke, Sulaiman O. Agodirin, Olusola A. Adesiyun, Ademola Adeyeye, Oladapo A. Kolawole, Akinwumi O. Olakanmi, Kanika Arora, Jeremy Constable, Ronak Shah, Azfar Basunia, Brooke Sylvester, Chao Wu, Martin R. Weiser, Ken Seier, Mithat Gonen, Zsofia K. Stadler, Yelena Kemel, Efsevia Vakiani, Michael F. Berger, Timothy A. Chan, David B. Solit, Jinru Shia, Francisco Sanchez-Vega, Nikolaus Schultz, Murray Brennan, J. Joshua Smith, T. Peter Kingham
Summary: Understanding the molecular and phenotypic profile of colorectal cancer (CRC) in West Africa is crucial for addressing the rising burden of disease, as shown by a study comparing Nigerian CRC patients to those from TCGA and MSKCC. High microsatellite instability, differences in genetic mutations, and presentation characteristics suggest a unique biology of CRC in Nigeria that requires tailored diagnostic and treatment approaches.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Catarina Neto do Nascimento, Luis Mascarenhas-Lemos, Joao Ricardo Silva, Diogo Sousa Marques, Catarina Ferreira Gouveia, Ana Faria, Sonia Velho, Rita Garrido, Rui Maio, Andreia Costa, Patricia Pontes, Xiaogang Wen, Irene Gullo, Marilia Cravo, Fatima Carneiro
Summary: Gastric cancer is characterized by high morphologic and molecular heterogeneity. The impact of microsatellite instability (MSI) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) status in gastric cancer (GC) regarding response to perioperative chemotherapy (POPChT), overall survival (OS), and progression-free survival (PFS) was investigated. Although MSI and EBV status did not influence OS or PFS, females with MSI-high tumors treated with POPChT demonstrated superior survival compared to females with MSS tumors, suggesting that sex disparities and molecular classification may influence treatment options in GC.
Article
Oncology
Toshiaki Toshima, Hiroaki Tanioka, Yoshiko Mori, Takehiro Tanaka, Kazuya Yasui, Keisuke Kimura, Yuzo Umeda, Toshiyoshi Fujiwara, Akihiro Nyuya, Shuya Yano, Takeshi Nagasaka
Summary: This study aimed to clarify the epigenetic features of the four subtypes of gastric cancer by analyzing the aberrant methylation status in 23 loci.
Article
Oncology
I Lodewijk, A. Bernardini, C. Suarez-Cabrera, E. Bernal, R. Sanchez, J. L. Garcia, K. Rojas, L. Morales, S. Wang, X. Han, M. Duenas, J. M. Paramio, L. Manso
Summary: In patients with ovarian cancer undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy, we found that higher levels of genomic loss of heterozygosity were associated with a more significant tumor response to chemotherapy. Additionally, neoadjuvant therapy increased the population of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, primarily CD8+ T cells. These findings shed light on the dynamic interaction between tumors and the immune system, suggesting the potential use of immune checkpoint inhibitors or their combination with poly-ADP polymerase inhibitors as a treatment strategy for high-stage and grade epithelial ovarian cancer patients undergoing neoadjuvant therapy.
NPJ PRECISION ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Iiris Ukkola, Pirjo Nummela, Annamari Heiskanen, Matilda Holm, Sadia Zafar, Mia Kero, Caj Haglund, Tero Satomaa, Soili Kytola, Ari Ristimaki
Summary: All human cells have a complex glycan coating, and alterations in cell surface glycans are related to cancer progression and immune suppression. Colorectal cancer is a heterogeneous disease with different molecular subtypes, which have varying prognosis and therapy responses. Microsatellite instability and BRAF gene mutation, two important molecular markers, have been ignored in previous glycomics studies. Our analysis of the N-glycan profiles of colorectal cancers with different molecular subtypes revealed characteristic glycan profiles that may explain their tumorigenic properties.