Article
Chemistry, Physical
Fatih Daricik, Alparslan Topcu, Kadir Aydin, Selahattin Celik
Summary: In this study, carbon fiber/epoxy composite laminates were modified with multi-walled carbon nanotube superconductor materials to improve their electrical and mechanical properties for wider application as bipolar plates in PEMFC systems.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Pouya Barnoon, Davood Toghraie, Babak Mehmandoust, Mohammad Ali Fazilati, S. Ali Eftekhari
Summary: This study examined cooling, stress, and displacement of bipolar plates of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells under different ambient conditions, and carried out multi-objective optimization to determine the best thickness and number of plates. Findings showed that increasing the number and thickness of bipolar plates can reduce temperature, with forced cooling reducing temperature by over 30 K, and natural cooling increasing temperature faster but potentially causing hazards to the system.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Miroslav Hala, Jakub Malis, Martin Paidar, Karel Bouzek
Summary: Bipolar plates are crucial components of PEM fuel cell stacks, and polymer-carbon composites are considered state-of-the-art materials for their manufacturing. However, selecting the right material involves a compromise between electrical and heat conductivity, mechanical strength, and costs. This study characterizes 13 commercially available polymer-carbon composites in terms of various parameters and provides important supporting information for material selection and mathematical modeling of fuel cells.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Bin Hu, Fu-Lu Chang, Lin-Yi Xiang, Guang-Jian He, Xian-Wu Cao, Xiao-Chun Yin
Summary: In this study, high-performance PVDF/graphite/MWCNTs composite BPs with segregated conductive network were prepared by structural design and compression molding. The addition of MWCNTs led to improved conductivity and the observation of segregated synergistic conductive networks in the composite BPs.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2021)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Peng Ren, Pucheng Pei, Dongfang Chen, Lu Zhang, Yuehua Li, Xin Song, Mingkai Wang, He Wang
Summary: Metallic bipolar plates (BPs) in fuel cells experience corrosion and surface destruction under automotive operating conditions, with dynamic load and startup-shutdown being the main accelerators. Dynamic potential accelerates the breakdown of passivation layer, while pits rich in Cr-species provide protection. Startup-shutdown drives complex corrosion and passivation stages, leading to global destruction represented by microstructure and pits, while producing a surface film through secondary passivation.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Srinu Akula, Patchaiah Kalaiselvi, Akhila Kumar Sahu, Subbiah Chellammal
Summary: This study successfully synthesized conductive polymer composite coatings in 0.5 M H2SO4, which shifted the corrosion potential of 316L SS in a noble direction and significantly enhanced its corrosion resistance compared to uncoated stainless steel. The PAMT on PPY bilayer coating acted as a good physical barrier, protecting the stainless steel against corrosion in the PEMFC environment.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Timon Novalin, Bjorn Eriksson, Sebastian Proch, Ulf Bexell, Claire Moffatt, Jorgen Westlinder, Carina Lagergren, Goran Lindbergh, Rakel Wreland Lindstrom
Summary: The use of stainless steel as bipolar plates in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) has been a concern due to the risk of corrosion and metal ion contamination. Previous studies on this hazard have relied on ex-situ corrosion assessments which may not accurately represent real operating conditions. In this study, uncoated stainless steel bipolar plates were subjected to in-situ hybrid endurance/stress testing to simulate realistic conditions and re-evaluate the need for additional corrosion protection. The results showed no signs of surface dissolution and negligible trace metal concentration in the membrane electrode assembly (MEA). Contact resistance values were stable and changes in cell performance and voltage degradation were unrelated to the presence of uncoated bipolar plates. The corrosion resistance of uncoated stainless steel plates in PEMFCs was attributed to decoupling of bipolar plate surface potentials from electrode potentials and operational control to sustain stainless steel surface passivation.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Minh Tien Tran, Dae Ho Lee, Ho Won Lee, Dong-Kyu Kim
Summary: In this study, a novel die design is proposed for the fabrication of ultra-thin metallic bipolar plates (BPP) for proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells. Finite element simulations demonstrate that the multi-stage forming with the proposed die approach significantly improves the formability of ultra-thin BPP. The results indicate a more uniform thickness distribution and reduced springback, leading to the fabrication of high-quality metallic BPP and a relatively high fuel consumption efficiency.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2022)
Article
Polymer Science
Cijo Mathew, Samsudeen Naina Mohamed, D. Lenin Singaravelu
Summary: This study investigates the effect of surface-enhanced flake graphite (SEFG) as a novel filler material in composite bipolar plates (BPs) for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFC). The results show that the composite BP developed with epoxy resin as the binder and SEFG, carbon black, and natural flake graphite as conductive fillers exhibits favorable electrical conductivity, flexural strength, corrosion resistance, and thermal conductivity.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Xiejing Luo, Luqi Chang, Chenhao Ren, Jiuhong Zhang, Dawei Zhang, Jizheng Yao, Jie Song, Zhanfeng Deng, Chaofang Dong, Xiaogang Li
Summary: This study proposes a sandwich-like C/(Ti:C)/Ti modified Ti bipolar plates, and through computational simulations and experimental verification, it demonstrates that the bipolar plates have lower interfacial contact resistance and smaller corrosion current density, making them suitable for various operating conditions.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2023)
Article
Electrochemistry
Sadhasivam Thangarasu, Ho-Young Jung, Jae-Hyung Wee, Yoong Ahm Kim, Sung-Hee Roh
Summary: This study investigated the development of a new type of bipolar plate using cost-effective materials of carbon and lead with polypropylene polymer for fuel cell systems. The C:Pb bipolar plate showed improved electrical properties and water contact angle behavior compared to traditional carbon bipolar plates. It also exhibited enhanced electrochemical stability and corrosion resistance, highlighting its potential for practical applications and further enhancements through modification of carbon structures and inclusion of nanostructured lead materials.
ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Selahattin Celik, Bora Timurkutluk, Ugur Aydin, Mikail Yagiz
Summary: Bipolar plates are critical components of PEM fuel cell stacks. Machining flow channels on graphite bipolar plates is challenging, so additive manufacturing methods for other materials are considered as alternatives. This study compares the performance of different bipolar plates and presents a high specific power density titanium design.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Shian Li, Rongqiang Wei, Qiuwan Shen, Yihui Liu, Zhi Yang, Guogang Yang, Bengt Sunden
Summary: The design of wavy flow channels is found to greatly enhance the performance of proton exchange membrane fuel cells at high current densities.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENERGY RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Tunahan Gunduz, Tolga Demircan
Summary: A numerical analysis was conducted to investigate the effects of current collector plate geometry on the performance of a cylindrical PEM fuel cell. The results showed that using helix flow channels in the current collector plate geometry can increase the flow density and current density of the fuel cell, and the power density also increases with the operating pressure.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Bin Hu, Guangjian He, Fulu Chang, Han Yang, Xianwu Cao, Xiaochun Yin
Summary: In this work, a low filler and highly conductive PVDF-graphite-carbon black composite bipolar plate with a synergistic segregated structure was successfully manufactured. The composite bipolar plate exhibited excellent conductivity, flexural performance, hydrophobicity, and corrosion resistance, making it a promising candidate for proton exchange membrane fuel cells.
Article
Mechanics
Minkook Kim, Jaeheon Choe, Dai Gil Lee
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2016)
Article
Mechanics
Minkook Kim, Jun Woo Lim, Dai Gil Lee
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2018)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Hyeong Min Park, G. M. Kim, Sol Yi Lee, Haemin Jeon, Seong Yun Kim, Minkook Kim, Jae Woo Kim, Yong Chae Jung, B. J. Yang
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2018)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Jin-Ho Lee, Chang-Young Lee, Jeong-Min Jo, Jungyoul Lim, Jaeheon Choe, Yan Sun, Kwan-Sup Lee
PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PART F-JOURNAL OF RAIL AND RAPID TRANSIT
(2019)
Article
Mechanics
Jinsil Cheon, Minwook Lee, Minkook Kim
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2020)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Su Y. Choi, Chang Y. Lee, Jung M. Jo, Jae H. Choe, Ye Jun Oh, Kwan S. Lee, Jung Y. Lim
Article
Polymer Science
Dong Woo Kim, Yoon Sang Kim, Yong Chae Jung, Seong Yun Kim, Jong Man Song, Minkook Kim, Jaewoo Kim
Article
Materials Science, Composites
Jungwoo Lee, Jun Woo Lim, Minkook Kim
POLYMER COMPOSITES
(2020)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Sung Jun Lim, Jinsil Cheon, Minkook Kim
COMPOSITES PART A-APPLIED SCIENCE AND MANUFACTURING
(2020)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Young-O Kim, Jaehyun Cho, Young Nam Kim, Kun Won Kim, Byoung Wan Lee, Jae Woo Kim, Minkook Kim, Yong Chae Jung
COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING
(2020)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Jinsil Cheon, Minkook Kim
Summary: Novel mass-producible MWCNT-anchored carbon fiber was developed and applied as a new incorporation into CFRTPs to improve the material's properties. Based on the results, an optimal concentration and process method for MWCNT anchoring were suggested, and the anchored MWCNTs significantly enhanced the impact resistance and ILSS of the CFRTPs.
COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Composites
Chingu Kim, Minkook Kim
Summary: A novel composite radar absorbing structure was developed in this study using intrinsically conducting polymer-coated aramid fiber reinforced polymer composites. The research presented the optimal type and composition ratio of the ICPs, as well as key performance parameters of the ICP-coated AFRP RAS. The facile process of ICP coating on the reinforcing fibers will advance the utilization of conducting polymers for radar absorbing structures.
COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Composites
Sang One Kim, Seong Yun Kim, Minkook Kim
Summary: The electrical conductivity of a channel-shaped CFRP bipolar plate was improved through a preprocess of resin squeezing out, meeting the 2025 DOE technical target.
COMPOSITES COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Mechanics
Dongyoung Lee, Yuyoung Oh, Soohyun Nam, Jaeheon Choe, Dai Gil Lee
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2017)
Article
Mechanics
Dongyoung Lee, Jaeheon Choe, Soohyun Nam, Jun Woo Lim, Ilbeom Choi, Dai Gil Lee
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2017)
Article
Mechanics
Rawan Aqel, Patrick Severson, Rani Elhajjar
Summary: A novel core splice joint configuration for composite sandwich structures is studied and proposed to improve the strength and toughness. Experimental and numerical efforts show that this configuration can significantly increase the ultimate strength by 13% to 51% and the toughness by 2% to 35%.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Mechanics
Xianheng Wang, Cong Chen, Jinsong Zhang, Xinming Qiu
Summary: In this paper, a new form-finding method based on spatial elastica model (FMSE) is proposed for elastic gridshells. The method integrates the deformations of elastic rods into the overall deformation of the gridshell, and solves a set of transcendental equations using the quasi-Newton method to ensure the deformation satisfies the given boundary conditions. The method is validated through experiments and expected to have potential applications in the investigations of elastic gridshells.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Mechanics
Hao Huang, Zitong Guo, Zhongde Shan, Zheng Sun, Jianhua Liu, Dong Wang, Wang Wang, Jiale Liu, Chenchen Tan
Summary: The conventional evaluation of 3D braided composites' mechanical properties through numerical and experimental methodologies hinders material application due to the expenses, time constraints, and laborious efforts involved. This study establishes a multi-scale finite element model and a surrogate model for predicting the elastic properties of 3D4D rotary braided composites with voids. By optimizing a neural network model, the results are validated and provide valuable insights into the microstructure and properties of these composites.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Mechanics
Xinyu Li, Hao Zhang, Haiyang Yang, Junrong Luo, Zhongmin Xiao, Hongshuai Lei
Summary: Due to their excellent mechanical properties and design flexibility, fluted-core composite sandwich structures have gained significant attention in aerospace and rail transit applications. This study investigated the free-vibration characteristics and optimized design of composite fluted-core sandwich cylinders through theoretical models and experimental tests.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Mechanics
Chao Li, Chunzheng Duan, Xiaodong Tian, Chao Wang
Summary: A mechanistic model considering the bottom edge cutting effect and the anisotropic characteristics of the material is proposed in this paper to accurately predict cutting forces. The model was validated through a series of milling experiments and can be used to predict the cutting force of various parts of the cutter and any feed direction.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Mechanics
Camila Sanches Schimidt, Leopoldo Pisanelli Rodrigues de Oliveira, Carlos De Marqui Jr
Summary: This work investigates the vibro-acoustic performance of graded piezoelectric metamaterial plates. The study shows that piezoelectric metamaterial plates with reconfigurable properties can provide enhanced vibration and sound power attenuation.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Mechanics
Jun Ke, Li-jie Liu, Zhen-yu Wu, Zhong-ping Le, Luo Bao, Dong-wei Luo
Summary: Compared with other green natural fibers, ramie has higher mechanical properties and lower cost. In this study, ramie and glass fiber are made into composite circular tubes. The results show that the hybrid circular tube with ramie and glass fiber has improved torsional mechanical properties and reduced weight and cost. The failure mechanisms are affected by the loading direction and the content of each fiber.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Mechanics
Natalia Pingaro, Gabriele Milani
Summary: This paper proposes an enhanced analytical model for predicting the behavior of FRCM samples tested under standard tensile tests. The model takes into account the interaction between fibers and matrix through the interface, and assumes different material properties at different phases. By solving a second order linear differential equation, an analytical solution can be obtained. The model is validated with experimental data and shows good predictability.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Mechanics
Jialiang Fan, Anastasios P. Vassilopoulos, Veronique Michaud
Summary: This article investigates the effects of voids, joint geometry, and test conditions on the fracture performance of thick adhesive Double Cantilever Beam (DCB) joints. It concludes that grooved DCB joints with low void content tested at low displacement rates showed stable crack propagation without significant crack path deviation.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Mechanics
Auwalu I. Mohammed, Kaarthikeyan Raghupathy, Osvaldo De Victoria Garcia Baltazar, Lawson Onokpasah, Roger Carvalho, Anders Mogensen, Farzaneh Hassani, James Njuguna
Summary: This study investigates the performance of composite pressure vessels under damaged and undamaged conditions, providing insights into their reliability and residual strength capabilities. The results demonstrate that the damage profile and its effect on compressive strength are similar between damaged and non-damaged cylinders. When subjected to quasi-static compression, the polyethylene liner absorbs enough elastic strain energy to recover without plastic deformation. Additionally, quasi-static compression has little to no influence on the axial strength of the cylinders. The damage characterization reveals fiber breakage, delamination, local buckling, and brooming failure. This study has direct implications for the safety design tolerances, manufacturing strategies, and operational failure conditions of composite overwrapped pressure vessels (COPVs).
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Mechanics
Muhammad Irfan Shirazi, Samir Khatir, Djilali Boutchicha, Magd Abdel Wahab
Summary: Structural health monitoring is important to ensure the safety of components and structures. This study proposes a method using finite element models and 1D-CNN network to extract and classify vibration responses for crack detection. The results show that the proposed approach is effective in real-time damage detection.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Mechanics
Maryam Mirsalehi, Kiarash Kianpour, Sharif Shahbeyk, Mohammad Bakhshi
Summary: This study comprehensively investigates the one-way response of 3D-woven sandwich panels (3DWSPs) and their interfering parameters, providing interpretation of elastic and failure results, failure maps, and reliable theoretical models for linear elastic response and observed failure mechanisms.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Mechanics
Yiming Zhao, Zhonggang Wang, Zhigang Yang, Bin Qin
Summary: The paper proposes a Ritz and statistical energy analysis (Ritz SEA) hybrid method for calculating rectangular plate acoustic vibration coupling in the mid-frequency range. This method combines the fast convergence and ability to handle arbitrary boundary conditions of the Ritz method with the power flow equation of the statistical energy analysis method. The results show that this approach effectively filters out random fluctuations in mid-frequency domains while demonstrating exceptional stability and precision.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Mechanics
Joao Henrique Fonseca, Woojung Jang, Dosuck Han, Naksoo Kim, Hyungyil Lee
Summary: This study addresses the enhancement of an injection-molded fiber-reinforced plastic / metal hybrid automotive structure and its plastic injection molding process through the integration of the finite element method, artificial intelligence, and evolutionary search methods. Experimental validation of finite element models, the generation of a database through orthogonal array and Latin hypercube methods, and the training of artificial neural networks are conducted. The genetic optimization algorithm is then applied to identify optimal process parameters. The results show significant reduction in product warpage and manufacturing time while maintaining structural strength, contributing to the advancement of composite automotive structures with superior quality.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Mechanics
Alessandro Vescovini, Carina Xiaochen Li, Javier Paz Mendez, Bo Cheng Jin, Andrea Manes, Chiara Bisagni
Summary: This paper presents a study on six single-stringer specimens manufactured using the card-sliding technique with non-crimp fabrics and adopting a Double-Double (DD) stacking sequence. The specimens were tested under compression loading conditions to investigate post-buckling and failure in aerospace structures. Experimental results and numerical simulations were compared to analyze the behavior and failure modes of the specimens. The study found promising evidence of a viable solution to optimize aeronautical structures and enhance resistance to skin-stringer separation, particularly with the use of tapered flanges.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2024)