Article
Substance Abuse
Carla J. Berg, Dianne C. Barker, Steve Sussman, Betelihem Getachew, Kim Pulvers, Theodore L. Wagener, Rashelle B. Hayes, Lisa Henriksen
Summary: This study interviewed 45 vape shop owners/managers in six metropolitan areas in the U.S., finding that they entered the industry with positive intentions for customers, trained their personnel to adhere to regulations and provide good customer service, and had significant concerns about FDA regulations, especially regarding financial implications and negative impacts on product offerings.
NICOTINE & TOBACCO RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Zongshuan Duan, Katelyn F. Romm, Lisa Henriksen, Nina C. Schleicher, Trent O. Johnson, Theodore L. Wagener, Steven Y. Sussman, Barbara A. Schillo, Jidong Huang, Carla J. Berg
Summary: This study assessed vape retailers' perspectives on regulations and future retail activities. The findings indicate that vape retailers have some understanding and implementation of tobacco regulations and COVID-19 orders, but also face negative impacts and challenges.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Zuzana Gajdosechova, Joshua Marleau-Gillette, Matthew J. Turnbull, Duane C. Petts, Simon E. Jackson, Ashley Cabecinha, Hanan Abramovici, Andrew Waye, Jeremy E. Melanson
Summary: Cannabis vaping liquids may contain metal contaminants, and there are significant differences in metal content in legal samples using different devices. Metal particles could contribute to poor measurement precision and, for the first time, evidence of metal particles in unused cannabis vape pens is provided.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Shaoying Ma, Zefeng Qiu, Qian Yang, John F. P. Bridges, Jian Chen, Ce Shang
Summary: Introduction: Electronic cigarettes, particularly flavored ones like fruit, dessert/candy, and menthol, are popular among U.S. youth. This study examines the flavor profiles of over 14,000 e-liquid products from five national online vape shops. Results reveal that fruit flavors are the most prominent, followed by dessert/candy flavors. Online vendors often label products with multiple flavor profiles. Further research is needed to understand how online stores comply with FDA flavor restrictions.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Shaoying Ma, Zefeng Qiu, Jian Chen, Ce Shang
Summary: This study investigated over 11,000 nicotine e-liquids sold online in the US in 2021, finding that 2.13% of the sampled e-liquids were marketed as synthetic nicotine products. These synthetically-derived e-liquids varied in flavor, nicotine strength, and were sometimes marketed as tobacco-free to attract consumers seeking a healthier or less addictive option. Monitoring synthetic nicotine in the e-cigarette market and evaluating its impact on consumer behaviors is crucial.
PREVENTIVE MEDICINE REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Substance Abuse
Jimi Huh, Sheila Yu, Artur Galimov, Leah R. Meza, Ellen Galstyan, Donna Medel, Jennifer B. Unger, Lourdes Baezconde-Garbanati, Steve Sussman
Summary: Flavour preference is negatively associated with intention to continue vaping if a flavour ban occurred. Vaping for smoking cessation is positively associated with intention to purchase/use e-liquids and continue vaping if a flavour ban occurred. E-cigarette dependence mediates these effects.
Article
Substance Abuse
Carla J. Berg, Rachel Callanan, Trent O. Johnson, Nina C. Schliecher, Steve Sussman, Theodore L. Wagener, Mark Meaney, Lisa Henriksen
Summary: During the COVID-19 pandemic, many vape shops did not comply with state orders for closure, and e-cigarette users were more likely to stockpile vape products rather than attempting to reduce or quit using e-cigarettes.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Sandra Joss, Anna Moser, Julian Jakob, Kali Tal, Jean-Francois Etter, Kevin Selby, Anna Schoeni, Philippe Poirson, Reto Auer
Summary: Vape-shop managers in Switzerland vary widely in the recommendations they give to customers, with some adapting their advice based on individual customer needs or device specifications. The majority of managers reported ongoing collaboration with healthcare professionals and expressed interest in improving their counseling skills through training.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Emily Auschwitz, Jasmine Almeda, Claudia D. Andl
Summary: The use of e-cigarettes can negatively affect cell viability, DNA, and induce inflammation, leading to adverse health consequences. Although the levels of carcinogens in e-cigarette aerosols are lower than in conventional cigarette smoke, the heat generated by the vaping device can produce toxicants, including potential human carcinogens. Additionally, nicotine can be metabolized into nitrosamines, which are known carcinogens. This review discusses the cellular changes induced by e-cigarettes, including the generation of reactive oxygen species, DNA damage, DNA repair, inflammation, and potential tumorigenic effects.
Article
Substance Abuse
Krysten W. Bold, Grace Kong, Meghan Morean, Ralitza Gueorguieva, Deepa R. Camenga, Patricia Simon, Danielle R. Davis, Asti Jackson, Suchitra Krishnan-Sarin
Summary: The study found that the use of JUUL, disposables/cig-a-likes, and vape pens among adolescents significantly increased from 2017 to 2019, while the use of mods and other pod devices decreased. Over 59% of youth reported using more than one e-cigarette device in 2019, and more youth became frequent users of disposables/cig-a-likes and JUUL devices over time.
DRUG AND ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE
(2021)
Article
Substance Abuse
Heather Posner, Katelyn F. Romm, Lisa Henriksen, Debra Bernat, Carla J. Berg
Summary: The level of support for e-cigarette sales restrictions among young adults is unclear, and different user subgroups may have different responses. While lower-risk users may benefit from such restrictions, other young adult users may not.
NICOTINE & TOBACCO RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Substance Abuse
Elias M. Klemperer, Janice Y. Bunn, Amanda M. Palmer, Tracy T. Smith, Benjamin A. Toll, K. Michael Cummings, Matthew J. Carpenter
Summary: This study found that quitting electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) is not associated with quitting combustible tobacco products (CTPs) among current smokers, but there is a possible risk of relapse to smoking associated with quitting ENDS among former smokers.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Savreen K. Saran, Kalin Z. Salinas, Jonathan Foulds, Ovgu Kaynak, Brianna Hoglen, Kenneth R. Houser, Nicolle M. Krebs, Jessica M. Yingst, Sophia I. Allen, Candace R. Bordner, Andrea L. Hobkirk
Summary: This study examined the differences between dual nicotine and cannabis vape users and single-substance users. The results showed that dual users started using their vapes at a younger age, used them for more years, and were less likely to use their nicotine vapes to replace combustible cigarettes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
O. Osibogun, O. Erinoso, W. Li, Z. Bursac, A. Osibogun
Summary: Despite limited understanding of the effects of e-cigarettes on reproductive health, their use among reproductive-aged women is increasing. This study found that women with disabilities were more likely to use e-cigarettes, cigarettes, and dual use compared to women without disabilities. Improved screening for nicotine product use among disabled reproductive-aged women may be necessary to reduce their use in this vulnerable population.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Valeria Lallai, Letizia Manca, Christie D. Fowler
Summary: The study found that nicotine vapor inhalation leads to a significant increase in ACE2 expression in male mouse lung tissue, with no such difference found in female mice. Additionally, both vehicle and nicotine vapor inhalation led to a downregulation of alpha 5 nAChR subunits in both sexes, while expression of alpha 7 nAChR subunit did not show significant differences.
ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Substance Abuse
Julia C. Chen-Sankey, Afton Kechter, Jessica Barrington-Trimis, Rob McConnell, Evan A. Krueger, Tess Boley Cruz, Jennifer B. Unger, Benjamin W. Chaffee, Adam Leventhal
Summary: This study assessed the effects of a hypothetical Modified Risk Tobacco Product claim on young adults' intention and perceptions of using heated tobacco products. The results showed that the claim may lower young adults' harm perceptions of heated tobacco products compared to cigarettes, but did not significantly change overall intention to use these products, except for e-cigarette users who showed a larger effect. This raises concerns about whether the claim may promote dual use among young e-cigarette users.
Article
Substance Abuse
Jimi Huh, Sheila Yu, Artur Galimov, Leah R. Meza, Ellen Galstyan, Donna Medel, Jennifer B. Unger, Lourdes Baezconde-Garbanati, Steve Sussman
Summary: Flavour preference is negatively associated with intention to continue vaping if a flavour ban occurred. Vaping for smoking cessation is positively associated with intention to purchase/use e-liquids and continue vaping if a flavour ban occurred. E-cigarette dependence mediates these effects.
Article
Substance Abuse
Eric Soule, Maansi Bansal-Travers, Rachel Grana, Scott McIntosh, Simani Price, Jennifer B. Unger, Kevin Walton
Summary: Assessing tobacco use intensity allows researchers to have a more detailed understanding of tobacco use beyond just measuring frequency. However, there is currently no consensus on survey measures for assessing electronic cigarette use intensity due to the heterogeneity of electronic cigarette products and user behavior. Existing measures have limitations due to variations in electronic cigarette devices and liquids, as well as challenges with user reporting.
Article
Substance Abuse
Julia Chen-Sankey, Jennifer B. Unger, Edward Bernat, Jeff Niederdeppe, Maansi Bansal-Travers, Kelvin Choi
Summary: The study found that receiving price promotions for tobacco and e-cigarettes is associated with the progression of tobacco and e-cigarette use, particularly for initiation. Continuous monitoring of tobacco marketing activities is necessary to identify appealing price promotion tactics targeting youth.
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Jennifer B. Unger, Adolph Falcon
Summary: The prevalence of cigarette smoking among all racial/ethnic groups in the United States has been declining, but the increasing popularity of e-cigarettes may reverse this trend. Hispanics are at risk of tobacco-related health disparities due to early smoking initiation and less success in quitting smoking. The impact of e-cigarettes on Hispanics has not been well studied, but there is concern that Hispanic youth could disproportionately become nicotine-addicted and suffer from tobacco-related diseases.
ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS
(2022)
Editorial Material
Substance Abuse
Julia Vassey, Jon-Patrick Allem, Joshua Barker, Tess Boley Cruz, Raina Pang, Jennifer B. Unger, Heather Lynn Wipfli, Matthew Kirkpatrick
Article
Substance Abuse
Julia Vassey, Tom Valente, Joshua Barker, Cassandra Stanton, Dongmei Li, Linnea Laestadius, Tess Boley Cruz, Jennifer B. Unger
Summary: In 2020, there were 55 highly interconnected e-cigarette influencers worldwide collaborating with over 600 e-cigarette brands. Asian and US influencers had five to six times more teenage followers compared with European influencers. 75% of influencers did not restrict youth access to their promotional content on Instagram.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Jennifer B. Unger, Daniel Soto, Ryan Lee, Sohini Deva, Kush Shanker, Neeraj Sood
Summary: This qualitative study assessed attitudes toward in-school COVID-19 testing among four groups of stakeholders: school administrators, teachers, parents, and high school students. The findings indicated that frequent testing could increase the actual safety and perceived safety of the school environment, but there were concerns about financial cost, logistics, physical discomfort, and stigma associated with positive results.
HEALTH PROMOTION PRACTICE
(2023)
Editorial Material
Substance Abuse
Julia Vassey, Jennifer B. B. Unger
Summary: The study found that tobacco-related promotional content on social media often features young-looking influencers, models, or brand ambassadors who are appealing to youth. Their posts often lack consistent disclosures of partnerships with tobacco brands and age-restrictions prohibiting access to underage users.
SUBSTANCE USE & MISUSE
(2023)
Article
Substance Abuse
Scott Donaldson, Trista Beard, Allison Dormanesh, Cindy Perez, Patricia Escobedo, Jennifer B. Unger, Heather Lynn Wipfli, Artur Galimov, Jon-Patrick Allem
Summary: This study conducted a content analysis of website marketing from leading e-cigarette companies selling products in California. Findings from the study showed that 50.0% of the websites had marketing themes related to the physical health benefits of e-cigarette use, and more than half of the websites offered sales, discounts, and coupons.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Jennifer B. Unger, Emma Herzig, Viviana Rodriguez, Daniel Soto, Ryan Lee, Neeraj Sood
Summary: Despite the availability of COVID-19 vaccines, vaccine uptake is low among U.S. Hispanic communities, especially adolescents. A study of high school students in Hispanic neighborhoods of Los Angeles County found that belief in the effectiveness of the vaccine and self-efficacy to get vaccinated were associated with higher vaccination rates. Perceived severity and vulnerability to COVID-19 did not influence vaccination rates. Health communications and outreach efforts are needed to increase vaccine acceptance among Hispanic adolescents.
PREVENTIVE MEDICINE REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Education & Educational Research
Christopher J. Rogers, Jessica L. Barrington-Trimis, Jennifer B. Unger, Myriam Forster
Summary: The study found that policies prohibiting smoking on college campuses contribute to greater decreases in smoking prevalence. The results support the effectiveness of campus-based antismoking policies.
JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH
(2022)