Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Kristy A. Brown, Philipp E. Scherer
Summary: Adipose tissue, as the largest endocrine organ, has been strongly linked to cancer development due to the metabolic dysfunction and insulin resistance caused by increased adiposity. Adipose tissue also directly impacts the development and progression of specific cancers, such as breast cancer. Changes in factor secretion and adipose tissue remodeling contribute to the obesity-cancer link. Additionally, adipose tissue provides essential nutrients for tumor cells through increased lipolysis and aerobic glycolysis. This article aims to provide an update on the role of adipose tissue in cancer initiation and progression.
Review
Medical Laboratory Technology
Xuan Xiao, Yi-Zhang Liu, Zhe-Bin Cheng, Jia-Xiang Sun, Yi-Duo Shao, Shun-Lin Qu, Liang Huang, Chi Zhang
Summary: Adipokines, as important endocrine factors, play crucial roles in regulating glycolipid metabolism and inflammatory response. They can connect obesity with cardiovascular diseases by promoting vascular calcification. Chronic hypoxia caused by adipocyte hypertrophy leads to imbalanced adipokine generation, contributing to the occurrence of vascular calcification.
CLINICA CHIMICA ACTA
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Jorge Correale, Mariano Marrodan
Summary: This paper explores the relationship between Multiple Sclerosis (MS) and obesity, as well as the potential underlying biological mechanisms shared by both conditions. The paper highlights the role of adipokines, a family of soluble factors produced by adipose tissue, in both obesity and MS, suggesting their involvement as immune response mediators. The findings of this study are significant for further understanding and treating MS and obesity.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Mi Kyung Song, Ji Eun Kim, Jung Tae Kim, Yea Eun Kang, Sun Jong Han, Seok Hwan Kim, Hyun Jin Kim, Bon Jeong Ku, Ju Hee Lee
Summary: This study aimed to identify the adipokine potentially derived from subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) and its clinical significance. The results showed that GDF10 expression was higher in SAT than in VAT. Serum GDF10 concentration was high in patients with obesity, suggesting that GDF10 could be a SAT-derived protein related to obesity.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tamara Camino, Nerea Lago-Baameiro, Maria Pardo
Summary: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanosized lipid bilayer spheres that have emerged as new metabolic players in energy homeostasis and intercellular communication. They carry bioactive molecules and serve as a source of biomarkers and drug-delivery vehicles. The research on the role of EVs in metabolism, obesity, and associated pathologies is rapidly increasing. This review focuses on adipose tissue shed EVs, their characterization, size profile, and molecular cargo content, and also discusses the deleterious effects of EVs released by obese adipose tissue at both local and distant levels.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alina Kurylowicz
Summary: Menopausal decline in estrogen levels leads to changes in adipose tissue distribution and increased obesity prevalence in women. Hormone replacement therapy can partially restore these effects, indicating the significant role of estrogen in adipocyte regulation. Preclinical studies have shown involvement of estrogen in adipose tissue development, metabolism, and inflammation. However, the relationship between estrogen and obesity is bidirectional, as estrogen deficiency leads to fat accumulation and impairs adipocyte function, while obese individuals have altered expression of estrogen receptors and key enzymes involved in their synthesis. This narrative review provides an overview of estrogen's role in adipose tissue development, physiology, and obesity-related dysfunction, as well as discussing potential therapeutic applications in obesity treatment.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ashleigh M. Philp, Sam Butterworth, Edward T. Davis, Simon W. Jones
Summary: Recent studies have shown that adipokine extracellular nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (eNAMPT or visfatin) may promote articular cartilage degradation in obese patients with hip osteoarthritis. Elevated expression of visfatin in obese hip osteoarthritis joints and its co-localization with matrix metalloprotease-13 in areas of cartilage damage suggest its central role in loss of cartilage integrity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lukasz Pilarski, Marta Pelczynska, Anna Koperska, Agnieszka Seraszek-Jaros, Monika Szulinska, Pawel Bogdanski
Summary: This study aimed to determine the association between vaspin concentration and metabolic disorders in obese individuals. The results showed that serum vaspin concentrations were significantly higher in the obese group compared to the control group. The findings suggest that vaspin may be a useful diagnostic parameter for obesity-related complications.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Hong-Jin Chen, Ting Meng, Ping-Jin Gao, Cheng-Chao Ruan
Summary: BAT, primarily composed of brown adipocytes and stromal vascular fraction, plays a crucial role in regulating cardiovascular health and diseases. It enhances energy expenditure by promoting glucose and lipid metabolism and secreting adipokines in an autocrine and/or paracrine fashion to protect the cardiovascular system.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ioannis G. Lempesis, Nicole Hoebers, Yvonne Essers, Johan W. E. Jocken, Rosemary Dineen, Ellen E. Blaak, Konstantinos N. Manolopoulos, Gijs H. Goossens
Summary: This study investigated the inflammatory signatures of abdominal and femoral subcutaneous adipose tissue in postmenopausal women with normal weight or obesity. The results showed that women with obesity had larger adipocytes and higher plasma concentrations of leptin and plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI)-1. Both abdominal and femoral subcutaneous adipose tissue released leptin and monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1, but the release of MCP-1 was higher in abdominal adipose tissue. Additionally, gene expression of inflammatory factors differed between abdominal and femoral adipose tissue.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Oscar Osorio-Conles, Josep Vidal, Ana de Hollanda
Summary: Bariatric surgery is the most effective intervention for significant and sustained weight loss in severe obesity, as it can improve white adipose tissue function beyond reducing fat depot sizes.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Monika Gawalko, Arnela Saljic, Na Li, Issam Abu-Taha, Thomas Jespersen, Dominik Linz, Stanley Nattel, Jordi Heijman, Anke Fender, Dobromir Dobrev
Summary: Obesity is a significant contributing factor to atrial fibrillation (AF) by causing systemic changes and affecting different adipose tissue depots. Adipose tissue secretes various mediators that promote AF and cardiac remodeling. This review discusses the role of obesity-related factors, specific adipose tissue depots, and molecular mechanisms in AF, highlighting gaps in current knowledge and implications for clinical management.
CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Gabriela Reolon Passos, Ana Carolina Ghezzi, Edson Antunes, Mariana Goncalves de Oliveira, Fabiola Zakia Monica
Summary: Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) are highly prevalent worldwide, especially in patients with vascular-related disorders or in the ageing population. Obesity is a significant risk factor for developing LUTS-BPH, with obese men being more likely to develop it. Adipose tissues surrounding the prostate gland release various mediators that can interfere with prostate growth.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Mauro Zamboni, Gloria Mazzali, Anna Brunelli, Tanaz Saatchi, Silvia Urbani, Anna Giani, Andrea P. Rossi, Elena Zoico, Francesco Fantin
Summary: Due to aging, there are changes in body composition, with a decrease in muscle mass and an increase in adipose tissue. This redistribution of adipose tissue to visceral areas and ectopic storage in organs contribute to the development of sarcopenic obesity. Understanding the crosstalk between dysfunctional adipose and muscle cells can help in developing prevention strategies and treatments for this condition.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Giuseppe Palma, Gian Pio Sorice, Valentina Annamaria Genchi, Fiorella Giordano, Cristina Caccioppoli, Rossella D'Oria, Nicola Marrano, Giuseppina Biondi, Francesco Giorgino, Sebastio Perrini
Summary: Obesity, characterized by excess adipose tissue, can lead to dysfunction in various organs, including the lungs. Excessive fat deposition in the abdominal area can result in abnormal positioning of the diaphragm and reduced lung volume, increasing the risk of respiratory diseases. Dysfunctional adipose tissue in obesity can also lead to metabolic disorders and systemic inflammation, impairing pulmonary immune response. The NLRP3 inflammasome could potentially be a therapeutic target in obesity-related pulmonary dysfunction.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Letter
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Amee M. Buziau, Philip J. Law, Gabriella Blokland, Casper Schalkwijk, Jean Scheijen, Pomme Simons, Carla van der Kallen, Simone Eussen, Pieter C. Dagnelie, Marleen van Greevenbroek, Richard S. Houlston, Anke Wesselius, Molly Went, Coen Stehouwer, Martijn C. G. J. Brouwers
Article
Clinical Neurology
Nathan R. DeJong, Jacobus F. A. Jansen, Martin P. J. van Boxtel, Miranda T. Schram, Coen D. A. Stehouwer, Pieter C. Dagnelie, Carla J. H. van der Kallen, Abraham A. Kroon, Anke Wesselius, Annemarie Koster, Walter H. Backes, Sebastian Koehler
Summary: This study examined the associations between white matter connectivity, brain damage markers, and cognition in middle-aged individuals. The results showed that increasing connectivity moderated the negative association between brain damage and cognition, supporting the reserve hypothesis.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Pomme I. H. G. Simons, Olivier Valkenburg, Marjo P. H. van de Waarenburg, Marleen M. J. van Greevenbroek, M. Eline Kooi, Jacobus F. A. Jansen, Casper G. Schalkwijk, Coen D. A. Stehouwer, Martijn C. G. J. Brouwers
Summary: Serum SHBG mediates the association between IHL content and type 2 diabetes, with a higher contribution in women.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Elena C. Tore, Amany K. Elshorbagy, Frans C. H. Bakers, Martijn C. G. J. Brouwers, Pieter C. Dagnelie, Simone J. P. M. Eussen, Jacobus F. A. Jansen, M. Eline Kooi, Yvo H. A. M. Kusters, Steven J. R. Meex, Thomas Olsen, Helga Refsum, Kjetil Retterstol, Casper G. Schalkwijk, Coen D. A. Stehouwer, Kathrine J. Vinknes, Marleen M. J. van Greevenbroek
Summary: This study examined the association between plasma sulfur amino acids and different fat depots. The results showed that methionine was associated with liver fat, while total cysteine was associated with overall obesity and central fat deposition.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Anouk F. J. Geraets, Sebastian Kohler, Laura W. M. Vergoossen, Walter H. Backes, Coen D. A. Stehouwer, Frans Rj Verhey, Jacobus Fa Jansen, Thomas T. van Sloten, Miranda T. Schram
Summary: This study investigated the association between markers of white matter connectivity and depressive symptoms. The findings suggest that fewer white matter connections may contribute to prevalent depressive symptoms and its persistence.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Hematology
Matthew Nayor, Priya Gajjar, Venkatesh L. Murthy, Patricia E. Miller, Raghava S. Velagaleti, Martin G. Larson, Ramachandran S. Vasan, Gregory D. Lewis, Gary F. Mitchell, Ravi V. Shah
Summary: By measuring the changes in blood pressure and vascular stiffness, the cardiac and vascular components of exercise blood pressure can be analyzed. The study found that higher peak exercise blood pressure is associated with both higher arterial stiffness and higher cardiac-peripheral performance, especially in women. Therefore, studying the response of blood pressure to exercise in relation to vascular and cardiac physiology can reveal mechanisms of hypertension and clarify the clinical interpretation of exercise blood pressure.
ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
John F. Keaney, Thomas Muenzel
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Rheumatology
R. Raadsen, R. Agca, M. Boers, V. P. van Halm, M. J. L. Peters, Y. Smulders, J. W. J. Beulens, M. T. Blom, C. D. A. Stehouwer, A. E. Voskuyl, W. F. Lems, M. T. Nurmohamed
Summary: This study investigated the cardiovascular disease (CVD) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients over a 20-year follow-up, with a focus on patients without prevalent CVD. The results showed that the increased risk of CVD in RA patients without prevalent CVD is mainly due to the presence of traditional risk factors rather than RA itself.
SEMINARS IN ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Chloe Sarnowski, Matthew P. Conomos, Ramachandran S. Vasan, James B. Meigs, Josee Dupuis, Ching-Ti Liu, Aaron Leong
Summary: The effects of genetic burden on obesity risk and cardiovascular disease differ based on birth year, with individuals born after 1960 being more strongly affected. This suggests that the impact of genetics on obesity and cardiovascular risks may be amplified in the increasingly obesogenic environment.
CIRCULATION-GENOMIC AND PRECISION MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Faiez Zannad, Filippo Crea, John Keaney, Stuart Spencer, Joseph A. Hill, Marc A. Pfeffer, Stuart Pocock, Emma Raderschadt, Joseph S. Ross, Chana A. Sacks, Harriette G. C. Van Spall, Ron Winslow, Mariell Jessup
Summary: Large-scale clinical trials in cardiology require rapid, accurate publication and dissemination. Conference presentations, press releases, and social media are quick but lack detail and can be misleading. Preprint servers provide early access to research manuscripts but may overstate findings. Publication in major journals is demanding, and checklists can expedite the process. Secondary publications can enhance trial benefits, but data access remains a challenge. Beyond medical journals, plain language summaries and trustworthy sources are important for knowledge dissemination. This report is based on discussions with editors, press, industry, and trialists.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL
(2023)
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
John F. Keaney
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Christy N. N. Taylor, Dongyu Wang, Martin G. G. Larson, Emily S. S. Lau, Emelia J. J. Benjamin, Ralph B. B. D'Agostino, Ramachandran S. S. Vasan, Daniel Levy, Susan Cheng, Jennifer E. E. Ho
Summary: A parental history of cardiovascular disease (CVD) increases the risk of future CVD in offspring. However, it is unclear whether parental modifiable risk factors contribute to or modify this risk.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jiang He, Joshua D. Bundy, Siyi Geng, Ling Tian, Hua He, Xingyan Li, Keith C. Ferdinand, Amanda H. Anderson, Kirsten S. Dorans, Ramachandran S. Vasan, Katherine T. Mills, Jing Chen
Summary: The study examines the association between social, behavioral, and metabolic risk factors and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality, and whether there are racial differences in CVD mortality after accounting for these factors. The results show that social, behavioral, and metabolic risk factors are significantly associated with CVD mortality. After adjusting for these factors, the Black-White difference in CVD mortality diminishes and completely dissipates with adjustment for social determinants of health.
ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Matthew Nayor, Priya Gajjar, Patricia Miller, Venkatesh L. Murthy, Ravi V. Shah, Nicholas E. Houstis, Raghava S. Velagaleti, Martin G. Larson, Ramachandran S. Vasan, Gregory D. Lewis, Gary F. Mitchell
Summary: This study aimed to investigate how arterial stiffening affects cardiorespiratory fitness in community-dwelling individuals. The study found that increased arterial stiffness is associated with decreased peak oxygen uptake, regardless of age, gender, and cardiovascular risk profile. However, this association is attenuated in individuals with obesity. Additionally, arterial stiffness is also related to adverse oxygen kinetics and lower stroke volume and peripheral oxygen extraction, but not to ventilatory efficiency, a prognostic measure of right ventricular-pulmonary vascular performance.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
(2023)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Ramachandran S. Vasan, Shreya Rao, Edwin van den Heuvel
Summary: Several prediction algorithms include race as a component to account for race-associated variations in disease frequencies. However, recent questioning arises due to the risk of perpetuating race as a biological construct and diverting attention away from the social determinants of health (SDoH). The development of raceless CVD risk prediction algorithms that incorporate measures of SDoH is recommended.
CURRENT CARDIOLOGY REPORTS
(2023)