Review
Computer Science, Information Systems
Kumail Twaisan, Necaattin Barisci
Summary: In the near future, integrating distributed energy resources (DERs) to build a microgrid will be crucial. This paper reviews the studies on microgrid technologies, including the modeling and optimization methodologies of DERs, and system control approaches for DERs and microgrids. The findings suggest that considering multimodal indicators can enhance the reaction capability of communities and stakeholders. The cost of operating a microgrid in isolated mode is significantly higher compared to grid-connected mode.
Article
Thermodynamics
Thomas Stringer, Marcelin Joanis
Summary: Canada relies heavily on renewables for electricity production, except for remote communities that are not connected to the main grid. This paper uses a cost-based approach and an optimization model to determine the most cost-effective decarbonization solution for each off-grid settlement until 2050. By considering factors such as wind speed, solar irradiance, generation and storage costs, the model determines the optimal technology and implementation period for each settlement. The results show that decarbonizing Canada's remote microgrids is feasible and provide recommendations for different settlement types.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Mariem Khemir, Mauricio Rojas, Raisa Popova, Tiba Feizi, Jan F. Heinekamp, Kai Strunz
Summary: This article discusses the implementation and validation of a rule-based control algorithm for sustainable energy supply for EV charging stations at the EUREF-Campus in Berlin, Germany. The performance of the microgrid operation is evaluated with high-resolution measurements over three years from 2017 to 2019, focusing on three key indicators: self-consumption, autonomy, and emission rate. The study investigates the impact of selected operating parameters under real-world and ideal conditions, showing that self-consumption and autonomy rates are sensitive to the rated power capacity of a battery storage system rather than its rated energy capacity, and emissions can be reduced by up to 37% under ideal conditions, highlighting the potential of microgrid applications for sustainable EV use in urban areas.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRY APPLICATIONS
(2022)
Review
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Ghazanfar Shahgholian
Summary: This article provides a literature review on microgrid technology, focusing on the applications and types of microgrid, the objectives of microgrid control, methods to improve small signal stability, and load frequency control in microgrids.
INTERNATIONAL TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRICAL ENERGY SYSTEMS
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Sandy Youssef Rahme, Shirazul Islam, Syed Muhammad Amrr, Atif Iqbal, Irfan Khan, Mousa Marzband
Summary: This paper aims to compensate for the instability caused by EV chargers in a DC microgrid using adaptive sliding mode control (ASMC). The proposed controller adjusts its gain to maintain stability margin during large variations in load demand, ensuring high robustness against changes in charging power demand and without prior knowledge of system bounds.
SUSTAINABLE ENERGY GRIDS & NETWORKS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Jalal Heidary, Meysam Gheisarnejad, Hassan Rastegar, Mohammad Hassan Khooban
Summary: This paper presents a comprehensive review of the load frequency control (LFC) problem in microgrids (MGs), including different models for MG components, benchmarks for LFC studies, and various control strategies. It provides researchers with an overview of previous well-researched papers in this field and enables them to understand the recent developments, challenges, and future trends in load frequency strategies for MGs.
ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEMS RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Seyed Iman Habibi, Ali Bidram
Summary: This paper proposes a data-driven control approach for voltage regulation of AC microgrids in the presence of uncertainties. By selecting the best stabilizing controller and minimizing the required knowledge, the secondary voltage control of microgrids is achieved.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER SYSTEMS
(2022)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Zilin Li, Ka Wing Chan, Jiefeng Hu, Josep M. Guerrero
Summary: An adaptive droop and adaptive virtual impedance control strategy is proposed in this article to address the impact of renewable energy resource fluctuations on microgrid performance and achieve proper power sharing. The strategy is theoretically analyzed and validated through simulations and experiments, demonstrating its advantages over conventional methods.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Fernando B. dos Reis, Jose Octavio C. P. Pinto, Fernando S. dos Reis, Diego Issicaba, Jacqueline G. Rolim
Summary: This paper introduces an adaptive protection dual strategy based on Relay Agents in strategic locations of a microgrid. The strategy consists of online and offline approaches for fast protection and backup protection, respectively. The online approach centralizes key information and selects actions based on expert systems, while the offline approach adjusts relay settings in real time in case of communication failures.
SUSTAINABLE ENERGY GRIDS & NETWORKS
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Weicheng Xu, Jiahui Li, Moslem Dehghani, Mina GhasemiGarpachi
Summary: This paper proposes a novel secure energy policy and load sharing approach for renewable microgrids, utilizing the master-slave structure in the Industrial Internet of Things environment. A decentralized multi-agent system is used for intelligent control with economic dispatch and power balance control mechanisms. Furthermore, the introduction of Blockchain technology enhances the cyber security of smart microgrids.
SUSTAINABLE CITIES AND SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Illia M. Diahovchenko, Gowtham Kandaperumal, Anurag K. Srivastava
Summary: This paper presents a systematic method to segmentize parts of a power distribution system (PDS) into microgrids with flexible boundaries in order to enhance resiliency and mitigate negative impacts from anticipated threats. The method aims to anticipate and prepare for high impact low probability (HILP) events by preplanning alternative flexible boundaries of the microgrids and dynamically changing them during disturbances. Switching actions are selected using Mixed-Integer Linear Programming (MILP) to adjust microgrids' boundaries and supply critical loads, while maximizing supply to critical loads based on a resiliency metric obtained through the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP).
ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEMS RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Alejandro Sallyth Guerrero Hernandez, Lucia Valeria Ramos de Arruda
Summary: This paper investigates how to reduce dependence on diesel generators in Colombian ZNIs, proposing technical and economic implementation of small-scale photovoltaic systems with and without hybrid energy storage connected to the grid. The study concludes with policy suggestions and economic incentives to promote the use of renewable energy sources in ZNIs.
ENVIRONMENT DEVELOPMENT AND SUSTAINABILITY
(2021)
Review
Energy & Fuels
Moslem Uddin, Huadong Mo, Daoyi Dong, Sondoss Elsawah, Jianguo Zhu, Josep M. Guerrero
Summary: This paper provides an overview of microgrid concept, classification, and control strategies. It also highlights and explains various prospective challenges of microgrid implementation. Additionally, the important aspects of future microgrid research are outlined. This study offers valuable insights for researchers, scientists, and policymakers to gain in-depth knowledge on microgrid and identify key factors for a sustainable future.
ENERGY STRATEGY REVIEWS
(2023)
Review
Energy & Fuels
Amrutha Raju Battula, Sandeep Vuddanti, Surender Reddy Salkuti
Summary: To address the increasing complexity of demand, conventional grids are incorporating communication technology like advanced metering with sensors, demand response, energy storage systems, and electric vehicles. Microgrids are proposed to maintain local energy balance and reliability, providing resilient operation and intelligent energy management techniques to control power exchange. This paper gives an overview of microgrids, their operations, energy management approaches, and the key role of energy management systems in maintaining balance and contributing to profit.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Zia Ullah, Hasan Saeed Qazi, Ahmad Alferidi, Mohammed Alsolami, Badr Lami, Hany M. Hasanien
Summary: This study presents a novel method for optimizing energy trading within microgrids by using a hybrid of particle swarm optimization and gravitational search algorithms. The proposed approach promotes cooperative energy trading among microgrids and the main grid, considering network constraints and the uncertainty of renewable energy. Simulation results show that this method maximizes renewable energy utilization, reduces load burden on the main grid, and significantly decreases energy costs.
ALEXANDRIA ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2024)