Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Ihsan Ullah, Saeed Ahmad, Mostafa Zahri
Summary: We propose a novel deterministic epidemic model to study the impact of treatment ahdherence and awareness on tuberculosis dynamics. We determine the threshold ratio to establish conditions for the stability of the local and global behavior of the model. Our model exhibits a positive disease endemic state that is globally asymptotically stable for R0 > 1. Sensitivity analysis is performed to assess the robustness of the model to parametric values. Numerical simulations are used to validate the analytical findings and identify feasible parametric values. The simulations demonstrate the crucial role of awareness and treatment adherence in controlling TB infection.
ALEXANDRIA ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Zenebe Shiferaw Kifle, Legesse Lemecha Obsu
Summary: This study proposes a mathematical model to thoroughly examine the dynamics of COVID-19 and tuberculosis (TB). It investigates the single infection dynamics of COVID-19 and TB, as well as their co-dynamics. The model's equilibria and their stability are analyzed, and numerical simulations are conducted to validate the analytical findings.
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Xinyue Evelyn Zhao, Wenrui Hao, Bei Hu
Summary: Free boundary problems involve systems of partial differential equations with unknown domain boundaries. In this paper, a novel approach based on neural network discretization is developed for solving a modified Hele-Shaw problem, the existence of the numerical solution is theoretically established. The approach is further verified by computing symmetry-breaking solutions near the radially-symmetric branch, as well as non-radially symmetric solutions not characterized by any theorems.
COMPUTERS & MATHEMATICS WITH APPLICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Chathika K. Weerasuriya, Rebecca C. Harris, C. Finn McQuaid, Fiammetta Bozzani, Yunzhou Ruan, Renzhong Li, Tao Li, Kirankumar Rade, Raghuram Rao, Ann M. Ginsberg, Gabriela B. Gomez, Richard G. White
Summary: The study found that novel TB vaccines could greatly reduce the burden of RR/MDR-TB in the future, while also averting the need for second-line therapy. The cost-effectiveness of vaccination may vary depending on the characteristics of the vaccine and the setting.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Ihsan Ullah, Saeed Ahmad, Zareen A. Khan, Mostafa Zahri
Summary: This study investigates the impact of treatment adherence level and awareness level on the transmission dynamics of tuberculosis using a mathematical model. The findings suggest that nonadherence to treatment can lead to relapse in individuals with active tuberculosis, while increasing awareness level, treatment, and medication adherence has a positive effect on tuberculosis control.
ALEXANDRIA ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Electrochemistry
Jake Christensen, Somani Patnaik, David Cook, Paul Albertus
Summary: The electrical design of a lithium-ion battery has a significant impact on its performance and aging behavior. This study presents a coupled electrochemical + electrical network model to investigate the effect of current collector resistance on battery performance and internal state heterogeneity. The research reveals that current collector resistance can cause nonuniformity in current and electrochemical states, leading to enhanced and nonuniform lithium plating and other aging processes.
JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Lei Yang, Anfan Jia, Weigang Sun, Marc Turcotte
Summary: This study focuses on the non-local impact of saddles in a multiply connected gene regulation network. The research findings suggest that the impact of saddles on network dynamics, even if they are remote, is significant and can dominate the nature of the dynamics. Through numerical simulations and theoretical analysis, it is found that non-local saddles slow down the flow of heteroclinic cycles and affect the shape of the dynamics in the range of asymmetry of repression strength between gene pairs.
NONLINEAR DYNAMICS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Oluwasegun M. Ibrahim, Daniel Okuonghae, Monday N. O. Ikhile
Summary: This paper examines the impact of correctional intervention measures on the population dynamics of criminal gangs in Nigeria. The study finds that timely prosecution and correction can potentially eradicate adolescent delinquencies from the population and control the entire criminal gangs' population.
APPLIED MATHEMATICAL MODELLING
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Nicole A. Swartwood, Christian Testa, Ted Cohen, Suzanne M. Marks, Andrew N. Hill, Garrett Beeler Asay, Jennifer Cochran, Kevin Cranston, Liisa M. Randall, Andrew Tibbs, C. Robert Horsburgh Jr, Joshua A. Salomon, Nicolas A. Menzies
Summary: This study developed a mathematical model and web-based tool to help public health agencies assess and make decisions on how to prevent and control tuberculosis. Using this tool, different prevention and treatment scenarios can be simulated, and epidemiological outcomes, service utilization, costs, and cost-effectiveness can be obtained for different geographic areas. In a case study in Massachusetts, expanded testing and treatment for latent tuberculosis infection among non-U.S.-born individuals was projected to reduce TB cases and related deaths.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Jun-Jie Mao, Xiao Zang, Wan-Lu Yue, Pei-Yao Zhai, Qiong Zhang, Chun-Hu Li, Xun Zhuang, Min Liu, Gang Qin
Summary: Given the ageing epidemic of tuberculosis (TB) in China, the first clinically approved next-generation TB vaccine Vaccae, proved to be effective in preventing reactivation from latent infection. This study evaluated the health and economic impacts of introducing Vaccae vaccination to inform policy-makers. The results showed that targeted vaccination among older adults could modestly reduce TB burden, preventing millions of TB cases and deaths over a 20-year period, at an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of US$4387 per disability adjusted life year averted.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Zenebe Shiferaw Kifle, Legesse Lemecha Obsu
Summary: This paper presents a nonlinear deterministic mathematical model for studying the transmission dynamics of COVID-19 and control strategies. System properties, basic reproduction number, and sensitivity analysis were analyzed. The stability of disease-free equilibrium points was verified and the model was fitted to real data and simulated for validation.
RESULTS IN PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications
Jyotiska Phukan, Hemen Dutta
Summary: This paper investigates a fractional order SIR epidemic model with specific functional response and Holling type II treatment rate with fractional derivative in the Caputo sense. The existence, uniqueness, non-negativity, and boundedness of the solutions are thoroughly investigated. The stability of the equilibria is analyzed, and bifurcation analysis is also carried out for the model. Finally, numerical simulations are used to support the theoretical findings.
CHAOS SOLITONS & FRACTALS
(2023)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
D. Vignesh, Santo Banerjee
Summary: This article aims to construct a mathematical model of two-step reversible chemical reactions using a Caputo fractional difference operator. The reaction involves the breakdown of an ester compound in the presence of water and the formation of fatty acid salts from the reaction of a free fatty acid with alkali hydroxide. The chaotic response of the system is illustrated using bifurcation diagrams and the synchronization of the subsystems is achieved with nonlinear control functions.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alhassan Ibrahim, Usa Wannasingha Humphries, Parinya Sa Ngiamsunthorn, Isa Abdullahi Baba, Sania Qureshi, Amir Khan
Summary: This study constructed and analyzed a mathematical model of COVID-19 transmission that incorporates vaccination and different compartments of the infected population. The research found that vaccination alone is insufficient to eradicate the disease completely, and that monitoring asymptomatic individuals through stringent testing is necessary to control the spread of the disease.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications
Mst Sebi Khatun, Samhita Das, Pritha Das
Summary: This article explores the complex dynamics of the susceptible-infected-treated-recovered (SIT R) model for COVID-19 transmission. Different types of transmission and their effects on disease dynamics are analyzed. The existence and stability of equilibrium points are discussed, and bifurcations and chaotic dynamics are demonstrated analytically and numerically. Optimal control theory is applied to evaluate the efficiency of vaccination and isolation measures in reducing infection rates.
CHAOS SOLITONS & FRACTALS
(2023)