Journal
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
Volume 7, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.00304
Keywords
Aquificales; hot springs; Thermotogae; Calescamantes; Pyropristinus; hyperthermophiles; Yellowstone; National Park
Categories
Funding
- Department of Energy (DOE)-joint Genorne Institute Community Sequencing Program [CSP 787081]
- DOE-Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (Foundational Science Focus Area) [MSU subcontract 112443]
- NSF IGERT Program [DGE 0654336]
- Genomic Science Program, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, US DOE [DE-AC02-050411231]
- NSF Biotic Surveys and Inventories grant [02-06773]
- New Mexico Space Grant Consortium
- Louis Stokes Alliance for Minority Participation grant (NSF) [HRD 0832947]
- UNM Office of Graduate Studies Graduate Student Success Scholarship
- UNM Office of Graduate Studies Research Project and Travel Grant
- UNM Research Allocation Committee
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Thermal spring ecosystems are a valuable resource for the discovery of novel hyperthermophilic Bacteria and Archaea, and harbor deeply-branching lineages that provide insight regarding the nature of early microbial life. We characterized bacterial populations in two circumneutral (pH similar to 8) Yellowstone National Park thermal (T similar to 80 degrees C) spring filamentous streamer communities using random metagenomic DNA sequence to investigate the metabolic potential of these novel populations. Four de novo assemblies representing three abundant, deeply-branching bacterial phylotypes were recovered. Analysis of conserved phylogenetic marker genes indicated that two of the phylotypes represent separate groups of an uncharacterized phylum (for which we propose the candidate phylum name Pyropristinus). The third new phylotype falls within the proposed Calescamantes phylum. Metabolic reconstructions of the Pyropristinus and Calescamantes populations showed that these organisms appear to be chemoorganoheterotrophs and have the genomic potential for aerobic respiration and oxidative phosphorylation via archaeal-like V-type, and bacterial F-type ATPases, respectively. A survey of similar phylotypes (>97% nt identity) within 16S rRNA gene datasets suggest that the newly described organisms are restricted to terrestrial thermal springs ranging from 70 to 90 degrees C and pH values of 7-9. The characterization of these lineages is important for understanding the diversity of deeply-branching bacterial phyla, and their functional role in high-temperature circumneutral 'streamer communities.
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