Review
Oncology
Pin Zhao, Samiullah Malik, Shaojun Xing
Summary: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is predominantly caused by hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, with chronic infection leading to a higher risk of HCC development. The mechanisms behind HCC in chronic HCV infection involve intricate epigenetic regulation and cellular signaling pathways.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Ganji Purnachandra Nagaraju, Begum Dariya, Prameswari Kasa, Sujatha Peela, Sujatha Peela Bassel F. El-Rayes
Summary: HCC is the most common primary malignancy of the liver, with a high fatality rate. Genetic and epigenetic aberrations are commonly observed in HCC, including chromatin remodeling, histone alterations, DNA methylation, and ncRNA expression. In-depth understanding of the epigenetics of HCC is critical for developing rational clinical strategies, improving overall survival, and predicting therapeutic outcomes.
SEMINARS IN CANCER BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Miao Liu, Lingyao Du, Xing Cheng, Man Yuan, Jin Shang, Ying Shi, Hailing Yang, Hong Tang
Summary: This study revealed that the expression of SOCS-1 is decreased in HCV-HCC tissues, and that higher HCV viral load is associated with lower SOCS-1 expression. It was also found that HCV infection can upregulate the methylation of the SOCS-1 gene, which may contribute to the downregulation of SOCS-1 in HCV-infected tissues and cell lines. These findings provide insights into the mechanism of HCV-induced hepatocellular carcinoma.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Virology
Eman El-Ahwany, Marwa Hassan, Mohamed Elzallat, Lobna Abdelsalam, Mohamed Abdel-Hameed El-Sawy, Moataz Seyam
Summary: This study found that methylation of Sat-alpha and Alu decreased significantly in chronic liver disease (CLD) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Sat-alpha hypomethylation was particularly observed in HCC compared to CLD. The methylation of both Sat-alpha and Alu decreased as the lesion size grew. Sat-alpha methylation percentage showed the highest sensitivity and specificity in diagnosing HCC. There was also a strong positive correlation between Sat-alpha and Alu methylation.
Review
Oncology
Ewa Wolinska, Maciej Skrzypczak
Summary: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a life-threatening disease with unsatisfactory treatment outcomes. Epigenetic studies have revealed modified methylation patterns in HCC, dysfunction of enzymes engaged in DNA methylation process, aberrant function of non-coding RNAs, and histone modifications affecting gene expression.
Review
Oncology
Siyu Fu, Jose D. Debes, Andre Boonstra
Summary: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common primary liver malignancy with poor prognosis. Epigenetic modification, specifically DNA methylation, plays a significant role in HCC development by impacting cell differentiation, proliferation, and function. Methylated DNA markers have shown promise as specific biomarkers for early-stage HCC detection, offering higher sensitivity and specificity compared to current surveillance methods. However, the immediate application of these biomarkers is limited by various factors. This review provides a detailed rationale for using methylation biomarkers in HCC detection and summarizes recent studies on methylated DNA markers, emphasizing the importance of the underlying cause of liver disease in cancer mechanisms.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Biyuan Luo, Fang Ma, Hao Liu, Jixiong Hu, Le Rao, Chun Liu, Yongfang Jiang, Shuyu Kuangzeng, Xuan Lin, Chenyang Wang, Yiyu Lei, Zhongzhou Si, Guangshun Chen, Ning Zhou, Chengbai Liang, Fangqing Jiang, Fenge Liu, Weidong Dai, Wei Liu, Yawen Gao, Zhihong Li, Xi Li, Guangyu Zhou, Bingsi Li, Zhihong Zhang, Weiqi Nian, Lihua Luo, Xianling Liu
Summary: This study developed a sensitive blood-based non-invasive screening model for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) that can effectively distinguish early-stage HCC patients from high-risk population, and it demonstrated superior performance in an independent validation cohort.
Article
Immunology
Boyu Du, Ruihong Yu, Xiaoqing Geng, Yulin Li, Yirui Liu, Shuaitong Liu, Fangzhou Li, Qingqing Yu, Yang Guo, Xueyan Xi
Summary: Immunotherapeutic strategies targeting gamma 6T cells show promise in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). A novel HCC protein antigen called MSP, which activates gamma 6T cells, was identified in this study. The activated gamma 6T cells were found to kill HCC cells through direct and indirect mechanisms, providing a potential new target for clinical diagnosis and treatment of HCC.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Luca Bedon, Michele Dal Bo, Monica Mossenta, Davide Busato, Giuseppe Toffoli, Maurizio Polano
Summary: Despite advancements in HCC treatment, patient prognosis remains unsatisfactory. This study uses epigenetic changes in HCC to create a new prognostic model. High-risk patients show upregulation of proliferative pathways, leading to poorer progression free survival outcomes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Yalan Deng, Liqing Lu, Xujun Liang, Jingzhi Li, Dandan Zhu, Huichao Huang, Ye Zhang, Xiangqian Zhang, Yongheng Chen, Xiaojin Liu, Ying Fu
Summary: This study reveals that NNAT is significantly downregulated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and its downregulation is associated with tumor growth and patient prognosis. The decreased expression of NNAT in HCC is induced by hypermethylation of CpG islands in the promoter region, and hypermethylation is correlated with overall survival of HCC. Moreover, NNAT overexpression inhibits HCC cell proliferation by dysregulating the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway.
Article
Oncology
Xiao Wang, Mengke Chen, Xiong Liang, Yu Bai, Judeng Zeng, Xiaoyi Xu, Hao Li, Jing Wang, Keyu Fan, Guijun Zhao
Summary: This study reveals that RNF135 is regulated by promoter hypermethylation and its decreased expression is associated with poor prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Functional analysis demonstrates that RNF135 plays a crucial role in suppressing HCC cell migration and is involved in tumor immune microenvironment.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Yijie Hao, Qingxia Yang, Qiye He, Huanjing Hu, Zongpeng Weng, Zhixi Su, Shuling Chen, Sui Peng, Ming Kuang, Zhihang Chen, Lixia Xu
Summary: In this study, we developed and established a preoperative predictive model for microvascular invasion (MVI) status in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) based on DNA methylation markers. The model showed high accuracy and is important for surgical strategy determination in HCC patients.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Yi Zhang, Long-Jun He, Lin-Lin Huang, Sheng Yao, Nan Lin, Ping Li, Hui-Wen Xu, Xi-Wen Wu, Jian-Liang Xu, Yi Lu, Yan-Jie Li, Sen-Lin Zhu
Summary: PAX6 expression negatively correlates with response to palbociclib in gastric cancer by hypermethylating the promoter of LATS2 and inactivating the Hippo pathway, resulting in upregulation of cyclin D1 and resistance to palbociclib. Activation of the Hippo signaling pathway or treatment with a DNA methylation inhibitor can overcome PAX6-induced resistance to palbociclib in gastric cancer.
CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Lin Xiang, La-Mei Chen, Yu-Jia Zhai, Wei-Juan Sun, Jie-Ru Yang, Yu-Chen Fan, Kai Wang
Summary: In patients with HBV-associated HCC, the methylation level of SFRP2 was significantly higher compared to CHB patients and healthy controls, while mRNA level of SFRP2 was significantly lower in HCC patients. Moreover, the combination of SFRP2 methylation level and AFP showed a significantly improved diagnostic value in discriminating HBV-associated HCC from CHB, suggesting the potential of SFRP2 methylation level as a non-invasive biomarker for HCC diagnosis.
Article
Oncology
Yongkang Wang, Yinfeng Yang, Honglei Gao, Ting Ouyang, Luyao Zhang, Jili Hu, Sheng Hu, Hongxing Kan
Summary: The study shows that CDCAs genes are over-expressed in HCC, and their methylation levels are closely associated with tumor immune infiltrates. The methylation levels of CDCAs suggest prognostic value and could be a novel and predictive biomarker for the response of immunotherapy.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2021)
