Article
Thermodynamics
F. L. Zhu, X. Li, Q. Q. Feng
Summary: The study investigated the pyrolysis kinetic mechanism of regenerated cellulosic fiber and composite RCF containing silicon/nitrogen flame retardants, showing that FR treated RCF exhibits enhanced activation energy.
JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yunfei Guo, Julian Kleemann, Rint P. Sijbesma, Zeljko Tomovic
Summary: Polyurethane (PU) is commonly used in various applications, and improving its thermal stability and flame retardancy is critical. This study successfully introduced polyisocyanurate (PIR) and phosphorus motifs into polyurethane through a co-trimerization reaction, resulting in high thermal stability and flame retardancy. The method has potential applications in rigid PU foams and compact thermosets.
ACS APPLIED POLYMER MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Xiaobing Ma, Han Yun, Ningjing Wu, Fukun Niu, Jihang Yu
Summary: In this study, an environmentally friendly and super efficient flame retardant PHEMAP was successfully synthesized and applied to PLA material, forming a flame retardant film with excellent performance. The film has high transparency and good flame retardant effect, and is expected to be widely used in the fields of mobile phones, automotive interiors, and 3D printing.
ACS APPLIED POLYMER MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ying Liao, Yu Chen, Caiyan Wan, Guangxian Zhang, Fengxiu Zhang
Summary: ASMPEA, a halogen-free and formaldehyde-free N-P flame retardant, was grafted onto cotton fibers through P-O-C covalent bonds, providing excellent durable flame retardancy and promoting thermal degradation of cotton fabrics during combustion to hinder flame spread.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2021)
Article
Polymer Science
Yanpeng Wu, Tonghui Yang, Yongchang Cheng, Tao Huang, Bin Yu, Qilin Wu, Meifang Zhu, Hao Yu
Summary: A sulfur- and phosphorus-containing flame retardant monomer was designed and synthesized, and then incorporated into polyamide 66 (PA66) to improve its fire safety. The resulting PA66-PDDDS copolymer exhibited suppressed smoke generation, satisfactory mechanical properties, a good UL-94 rating (V-0), and a high limiting oxygen index (31.6%). The enhanced flame retardancy was attributed to the scavenging of free radicals by gas-phase species and the formation of a char layer by condensed-phase products.
POLYMER DEGRADATION AND STABILITY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Wataru Sakuma, Shuji Fujisawa, Lars A. Berglund, Tsuguyuki Saito
Summary: This study successfully prepared millimeter-thick, transparent CNF/polymer composites using CNF xerogels as a template. These composites improved flexural modulus, reduced thermal expansion coefficient, and maintained optical transparency. Interestingly, they also exhibited flame retardancy at high CNF loading.
Review
Materials Science, Paper & Wood
Md. Shahidul Islam, Theo. G. M. van de Ven
Summary: This review focuses on various methods for the fabrication of cellulose-based flame-retardant cotton textiles and discusses their developed flame-retardant properties. The studies mainly focus on the bonding of cellulose with flame-retardants and testing the flame-retardant properties of cotton textiles using different methods.
Review
Polymer Science
Siqi Huo, Pingan Song, Bin Yu, Shiya Ran, Venkata S. Chevali, Lei Liu, Zhengping Fang, Hao Wang
Summary: Phosphorus (P)-containing flame retardants have been widely used in epoxy thermosets due to their high flame retardancy efficiency, low toxicity, and impact on material properties. They are classified into reactive and additive types, and have potential for future research and development.
PROGRESS IN POLYMER SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Meng Pei, Ke Wei, Daohai Zhang, Shuhao Qin
Summary: In this study, a phosphazene flame retardant (DOPO-PHBA) was synthesized and added to PLA with epoxy chain extender (ECE) to prepare PLA/ECE/DOPO-PHBA flame-retardant composites. The results show that when 5wt% DOPO-PHBA is added, the PLA composites can achieve V-0 level combustion with an LOI value of 30.0%, and the LOI value increases from 22.5% to 33.6% with the increase in flame-retardant content. Furthermore, the PLA composites still maintain good mechanical properties, and the flame-retardant mechanism involves free radical quenching, gas dilution, and thermal barrier caused by the carbon layer.
POLYMER ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Paper & Wood
Ling Sun, Huixin Wang, Wennan Li, Jiaojiao Zhang, Zheng Zhang, Zhou Lu, Ping Zhu, Chaohong Dong
Summary: A novel reactive flame retardant coating, ASNDP, was synthesized and applied to enhance the flame retardancy of cotton fabrics. The ASNDP-coated samples showed improved fire resistance and thermal stability through various tests and analyses. The results indicated that ASNDP effectively inhibited fiber combustion and promoted the growth of char layer, demonstrating its potential as a flame retardant for cotton fabrics.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Wenyu Wu Klingler, Aurelio Bifulco, Carolina Polisi, Zhenyu Huang, Sabyasachi Gaan
Summary: This article introduces the difficulty of recycling thermosets and two major challenges in designing next-generation thermosets: embedded fire safety and reprocessability/recyclability. The research progress in designing fire-safe and thermomechanically reprocessable/recyclable thermosets is detailed in this review, including the categorization based on the chemistry of labile bonds and the use of bio-based raw materials.
COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Polymer Science
Xinyu Wang, Chenyu Zhou, Shengsong Dai, Junjie Wang, Zhiquan Pan, Hong Zhou
Summary: A bio-based flame retardant PDE was synthesized and applied in epoxy resin, with further modification of the resin by adding chitosan. The modified resins showed excellent flame retardancy and transparency, as well as absorption effect towards ultraviolet light.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Chengxin Yi, Changbo Xu, Ni Sun, Jian Xu, Meng Ma, Yanqin Shi, Huiwen He, Si Chen, Xu Wang
Summary: In this study, a synergistic flame-retardant system of phosphorus and nitrogen was developed using DMMP and MAM as flame retardants. The P(MMA-co-MAM)/DMMP products prepared by free-radical polymerization exhibited excellent flame-retardant effect and high transparency. The flame-retardant pathways of the DMMP/MAM flame retardant were found to include terminating a free-radical chain reaction and gas phase dilution, indicating the important role of gas-phase flame retardant in PMMA flame retardancy. The mechanical properties of the products were slightly changed, but still met the needs of most markets.
ACS APPLIED POLYMER MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Eugenio Gibertini, Federico Carosio, Kubra Aykanat, Alessandra Accogli, Gabriele Panzeri, Luca Magagnin
Summary: The study proposes a new method of encapsulating red phosphorus particles with a silica shell for flame retardancy in textiles. Through sol-gel process, a uniform silica shell was successfully achieved, improving the thermal stability of red phosphorus.
SURFACES AND INTERFACES
(2021)
Article
Polymer Science
Junxiao Li, Lijun Qian, Wang Xi, Yong Qiu, Wei Tang, Shanzhe Li
Summary: The alloying synergistic flame retardant effect of using PEI and ADP for PA6 was investigated, which can provide PA6 composites with excellent mechanical properties and flame retardancy simultaneously. Adding PEI with PA6 can form PEI-PA6 alloy with nice homogeneous phase, which endows PA6 composites with excellent mechanical properties. The addition of ADP can increase the LOI value and flame retardant rating, reduce the HRR and THR, and increase the char residue rate, showing an excellent flame retardant synergistic effect. ADP works together with PEI to increase the quenching effect in the gas phase and promote thermal stability, while also increasing the char yield in the condensed phase. The alloying flame retardant method using ADP/PEI-PA6 can endow PA6 with better flame retardancy and more excellent mechanical properties.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Textiles
Vaida Buzaite, Reazuddin M. D. Repon, Daiva Milasiene, Daiva Mikucioniene
Summary: The main goal of the study was to develop a new multi-layered weft-knitted fabric for thermal insulation, and the combination of woolen yarns and polyester filament yarns showed the best performance in terms of thermal insulation.
JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL TEXTILES
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Textiles
D. Mikucioniene, L. Muraliene
Summary: This study focused on the compression changes of knitted orthopedic supports during stress relaxation, and investigated the influence of knitted structure, elastomeric inlay-yarn insertion density, and shape/orientation of the rigid element fixed on the fabric on compression and its changes under stress relaxation.
JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL TEXTILES
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Dambarudhar Parida, Khalifah A. Salmeia, Amin Sadeghpour, Shanyu Zhao, Anjani K. Maurya, Khaleel I. Assaf, Eva Moreau, Robin Pauer, Sandro Lehner, Milijana Jovic, Hirsch Cordula, Sabyasachi Gaan
Summary: A simple one-pot synthesis process was developed to prepare functionalized mesostructured silica nanoparticles (MSNP) with high surface area. The novel MSNP demonstrated excellent adsorption performance for cationic pollutants like methylene blue, and showed easy regeneration and recyclability in acidic medium.
MATERIALS & DESIGN
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Textiles
Vaida Buzaite, Daiva Mikucioniene
Summary: The research found that increasing the thickness and tightness of the inner layer of weft-knitted spacer fabric has uneven effects on thermal insulation and air permeability. While similar thermal insulation can be achieved by increasing the thickness and tightness of the inner layer, significantly higher air permeability is also observed.
TEXTILE RESEARCH JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Edgaras Arbataitis, Daiva Mikucioniene, Tetiana Ielina, Liudmyla Halavska
Summary: This article presents a simple and flexible method for theoretical calculation of various weft-knitted fancy and combined patterns, which is crucial for predicting the main physical properties and mechanical behavior of knitted fabrics. The proposed method based on Ciukas geometrical model allows for calculating the lengths of various structural elements separately, providing great flexibility in modeling. The theoretical formulas can be used for various patterned weft-knitted structures with minimal errors in empirical calculations and easy application.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Md Reazuddin Repon, Ginta Laureckiene, Daiva Mikucioniene
Summary: This experiment explored the application of electrically conductive textiles in orthopedic compression supports, finding that stretching has a significant impact on heat generation and frequent washing can reduce the heating capacity of the fabric.
Review
Chemistry, Physical
Md. Reazuddin Repon, Daiva Mikucioniene
Summary: Intelligent textiles are expected to have a surprising development in the future, with a focus on the electro-conductivity of materials. Conductive textiles encompass various materials, and the latest developments in this area are crucial for their advancement.
Article
Polymer Science
Md. Reazuddin Repon, Ginta Laureckiene, Daiva Mikucioniene
Summary: This experiment investigates the heat generation of electrically charged textiles in compression weft-knitted composite fabrics used for medical purposes. The study aims to enhance the compression support of the knitted structure by integrating highly sensitive metal coated polyamide multifilament yarns and evaluate their heat origination attributes under different levels of stretching and temperature changes. The experiment involves fabricating various specimens with different amounts of metal coated yarns and fabric structures, along with two types of conductive yarn linear density. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images are used to analyze the conductive yarn morphology, while thermal pictures are used to study the heat distribution on the surface of the composite fabrics. The temperature profile and heat generation of the specimens after stretching at different levels are also studied.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Md. Reazuddin Repon, Tarikul Islam, Halima Tus Sadia, Daiva Mikucioniene, Shakhawat Hossain, Golam Kibria, Mosab Kaseem
Summary: The study evaluated the modification of cotton fabric surface using silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and functional properties enhancement, showing remarkable antibacterial effects and improved dyeing performance. The samples treated with AgNPs exhibited outstanding color levelness and durability characteristics, making them suitable for various applications like protective clothing and healthcare.
Article
Polymer Science
Muhammad Usman Munir, Daiva Mikucioniene, Haleema Khanzada, Muhammad Qamar Khan
Summary: Due to the current COVID-19 pandemic, there is a crucial need for the development of antimicrobial and antiviral personal protective equipment. In this research, electrospun nanofibers composite with polyvinyl alcohol, aloe vera, and zinc oxide nanoparticles were fabricated for medical device applications. The results showed that increasing the concentration of zinc oxide in the nanofibers was more effective in killing and inhibiting bacterial growth compared to increasing the concentration of aloe vera.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Darka Markovic, Andrea Zille, Ana Isabel Ribeiro, Daiva Mikucioniene, Barbara Simoncic, Brigita Tomsic, Maja Radetic
Summary: The growing demand for sustainable and green technologies has led to the development of an antibacterial textile nanocomposite material based on cotton and peat fibers. By coating the substrate with chitosan and synthesizing copper-based nanostructures, the material exhibits strong antibacterial activity and controlled release of Cu2+ ions.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Muhammad Usman Munir, Thomas Mayer-Gall, Jochen S. Gutmann, Wael Ali, Omid Etemad-Parishanzadeh, Haleema Khanzada, Daiva Mikucioniene
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has led to an increase in the usage of disposable personal protective equipment (PPE), resulting in increased waste and environmental impact. In this study, the researchers propose the use of a sustainable electrospun nanofiber made of poly lactic acid (PLA), which is biobased and conditionally degradable. They optimized the PLA-precursor solution and found that 19% PLA produced fine nanofibers with good morphology. The addition of carbon nanodots (CNDs) increased the antibacterial efficiency of the nanofibers. They also successfully applied a spunbond-nanofiber layered assembly for medical face masks, meeting the basic requirements for Type I medical face masks (ASTM-F2100).
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Aleksandra Ivanoska-Dacikj, Yesim Oguz-Gouillart, Gaffar Hossain, Muslum Kaplan, Caglar Sivri, Jose Vicente Ros-Lis, Daiva Mikucioniene, Muhammad Usman Munir, Nuray Kizildag, Serkan Unal, Ivo Safarik, Esra Akgul, Nida Yildirim, Ayse Celik Bedeloglu, Omer Faruk Unsal, Gordon Herwig, Rene M. Rossi, Peter Wick, Pietro Clement, A. Sezai Sarac
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on the textile and apparel industry. Despite the negative effects, such as supply chain disruptions and decreased demand, it has also accelerated the digitalization trend and the use of functional materials in the industry. This review paper focuses on the development of smart and advanced textiles in response to the outbreak of SARS-CoV-2, including monitoring and sensing capabilities through electrospun nanofibers and nanogenerators, as well as improved antiviral capabilities in medical textiles. The paper also highlights challenges in personal protective equipment disposal and provides an overview of new smart textile-based products for controlling and reducing the spread of SARS-CoV-2.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Khalifah A. Salmeia, Akef T. Afaneh, Reem R. Habash, Antonia Neels
Summary: Organophosphorus chemicals play versatile and important roles in the industry, with Trivinylphosphine oxide (TVPO) being a promising flame-retardant additive. Density functional theory (DFT) simulations were conducted to investigate the kinetic and thermodynamic processes of TVPO's nucleophilic addition reactions for a better understanding of its polymerization mechanisms. Experimental X-ray single-crystal study of TVPO supported the computed findings. TVPO was synthesized by a temperature-dependent reaction using POCl3 and VMB, with the thermodynamically favorable product being preferentially formed at low temperatures. The anionic addition polymerization of TVPO and VMB occurs when the reaction temperature rises, following a pseudo-Michael addition reaction mechanism.
Article
Materials Science, Textiles
Md Reazuddin Repon, Nure Alam Siddiquee, Mohammad Abdul Jalil, Daiva Mikucioniene, Md Rezaul Karim, Tarikul Islam
Summary: This study aims to enhance the flame retardancy of jute fabric by using different concentrations of flame retardants. The results showed that borax-treated raw and bleached specimens exhibited the longest flame spread time among all samples. The flame retardant jute fabrics treated with borax and diammonium phosphate showed better flame retardancy and wash durability compared to thiourea.
