Journal
COASTAL ENGINEERING
Volume 105, Issue -, Pages 47-65Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.coastaleng.2015.08.009
Keywords
Sheet flow; Swash zone; Bed level changes; Sediment transport; Bichromatic waves; Large-scale wave flume
Categories
Funding
- STW [12058]
- EPSRC [EP/J00507X/1, EP/J005541/1]
- European Community's Seventh Framework Programme through Integrating Activity HYDRALAB IV [261520]
- EPSRC [EP/J005541/1] Funding Source: UKRI
- Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council [EP/J005541/1] Funding Source: researchfish
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Detailed measurements of bed level motions and sheet flow processes in the lower swash are presented. The measurements are obtained during a large-scale wave flume experiment focusing on swash zone sediment transport induced by bichromatic waves. A new instrument (CCM+) provides detailed phase-averaged measurements of sheet flow concentrations, particle velocities, and bed level evolution during a complete swash cycle. The bed at the lower swash location shows a clear pattern of rapid erosion during the early uprush and progressive accretion during the middle backwash phase. Sheet flow occurs during the early uprush and mid and late backwash phases. Sheet flow sediment fluxes during these instances are highest in the pick-up layer. Sediment entrainment from the pick-up layer occurs not only during instances of high horizontal shear velocities but also in occurrence of wave-backwash interactions. As opposed to oscillatory sheet flow, the pivot point elevation of the sheet flow layer is time-varying during a swash event. Moreover, the upper sheet flow layer concentrations do not mirror the concentrations in the pick-up layer. Both differences suggest that in the lower swash zone the dynamics of the upper sheet flow layer are not only controlled by vertical sediment exchange (such as in oscillatory sheet flows) but are strongly affected by horizontal advection processes induced by the non-uniformity of the flow. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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