Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Abdul Atif Khan, Amaresh Chandra Mishra, Sraban Kumar Mohanty
Summary: Suitable selection of a proximity measure is crucial for clustering, especially for complex high-dimensional datasets. This study proposes a new measure that considers the absolute differences between features, the inhomogeneity of features, and a continuous version of Boltzmann's entropy. Experimental results demonstrate the superiority of this measure in clustering synthetic, real, and gene expression datasets.
KNOWLEDGE-BASED SYSTEMS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Xianzhen Cheng, Hengjie Luan, Lianjun Chen, Yujing Jiang, Wei Han
Summary: The study investigated the effect of cleat distribution on the strength and failure characteristics of coal under uniaxial compression using numerical simulations. Results showed that different cleat distributions led to variations in the strength and failure characteristics of coal specimens, revealing the failure mechanism of coal with different cleats.
BULLETIN OF ENGINEERING GEOLOGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Wei Huang, Bin Huang, Axin Pan, Qingfeng Chen, Qingwei Huang, Ruobin Xu, Yu Yang, Feixiang Xue
Summary: The study proposes statistics-based algorithms characterizing fiber spatial distribution in an ideal three-dimensional fiber reinforced concrete matrix. The influence of fiber physical parameters on overall fiber spatial distribution was analyzed, showing that fiber orientation probability is almost constant and fiber geometric size plays a significant role. Fiber spacing distance increases with fiber length and diameter, and wall effect is influenced by fiber length. The heterogeneity of fiber distribution, characterized by higher fiber spacing distance in the edge region, is associated with single fiber volume and total fiber fraction.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Chengwei Zhao, Xiaoping Li, Yanming Liu, Donglin Liu, Chao Sun, Gelu Ma, Lishan Tian, Weimin Bao
Summary: This paper proposes a noncontact plasma microwave diffraction measurement method, which can obtain the electron density of cylindrical plasma at different diameters. The method utilizes the diffraction phenomenon and characteristic frequency of plasma to measure the size and distribution of electron density. The method is demonstrated through experimental measurements and compared with a Langmuir probe diagnosis, showing good agreement and potential for wider applications.
PLASMA SOURCES SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Mechanics
Hans Amstutz, Michael Vormwald
Summary: In this study, deformations of an adhesive spherical inhomogeneity in an infinite matrix under remote uniform axial and axial-symmetrical radial tension are analyzed according to the theory of elasticity. Stress fields in the inhomogeneity and at the interface in the matrix are provided, showing that the sphere deforms to a spheroid under any loading case. By solving a system of two linear equations, the displacements and tractions at the inhomogeneity-matrix interface are determined, leading to an exact solution for the general spherical inhomogeneity problem with differing stiffness.
ARCHIVE OF APPLIED MECHANICS
(2021)
Review
Plant Sciences
Sylvain Cordelier, Jerome Crouzet, Guillaume Gilliard, Stephan Dorey, Magali Deleu, Sandrine Dhondt-Cordelier
Summary: This review summarizes the current knowledge on how plants detect invading pathogens through conserved invasion patterns. It highlights the influence of plasma membrane lipids in the sensing of invasion patterns and suggests combining biological and biophysical approaches to further understand their roles. The review emphasizes the importance of plasma membrane lipids in plant innate immunity.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Zhi Huang, Zhen Zhang, Hudong Chang, Yakuan Chang, Honggang Liu, Bing Sun
Summary: The current conduction mechanisms (CCMs) of carbon nanotube Schottky barrier diodes (CNT SBDs) on an insulating quartz substrate are investigated using I-V-T measurements. Anomalous temperature dependence of ideality factors and Schottky barrier heights is observed. The main CCMs below 180 K are tunneling and leakage, while above 300 K they are dominated by thermionic emission (TE) and leakage. This study provides detailed information on the temperature dependence of the electrical properties of CNT SBDs, which is important for understanding and improving their performance.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE-MATERIALS IN ELECTRONICS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yuan Zhang, Lin Guo, Clement J. A. Brousse, Chung-Hao Lee, Aurelie Azoug, Hongbing Lu, Shuodao Wang
Summary: Heterogeneous membranes are thin and soft structures with spatial variations in material property and thickness. Understanding the mechanical behavior of these materials requires accurate and efficient characterization methods. This paper introduces an inverse method based on machine learning for extracting mechanical properties from full-field strain distributions, showing comparable accuracy to traditional methods but significantly faster.
MECHANICS OF MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Sebastiao M. P. de Lucena, Jose Carlos A. Oliveira, Daniel Goncalves, Lyssandra M. O. Lucas, Pedro A. S. Moura, Rafaelle G. Santiago, Diana C. S. Azevedo, Moises Bastos-Neto
Summary: Despite the industrial importance of zeolite LTA, there is still a lack of characterization methods based on adsorption for hindered diffusion of standard probe gases. In this study, the pore type distribution methodology was extended to zeolite materials for the first time. The methodology was applied to Na-LTA (4A) zeolite, and the individual contribution of supercages with different energy levels to total adsorption uptake was determined. The proposed methodology provides detailed and relevant information not obtained by existing methods and enables the use of adsorption for characterizing small pore sieves.
INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Yong Yang, Shuai Yang, Chuan Li, Ziheng Yu
Summary: This paper proposes a high-accuracy recognition method based on CNN and visible images for plasma discharge patterns, achieved through TensorFlow deep learning framework. Training and evaluation are conducted on four discharge patterns, with the optimized VGG16 model reaching a test accuracy of 99.6%.
Article
Plant Sciences
Liang-Cui Chu, Jan Niklas Offenborn, Leonie Steinhorst, Xu Na Wu, Lin Xi, Zhi Li, Aurore Jacquot, Laurence Lejay, Joerg Kudla, Waltraud X. Schulze
Summary: The study investigated the collective function of CBL proteins in decoding calcium signals and conveying adaptive responses to nitrate availability in Arabidopsis thaliana. The results showed that CBL proteins play a multifaceted role in regulating root growth, nitrate flux, protein phosphorylation, and membrane protein distribution, highlighting their crucial role in plant adaptation to fluctuating nitrate availability.
Article
Engineering, Civil
Yan Yang, Qiang Qing, Jinghai Gong
Summary: The paper presents a technique for predicting the actual state based on given patterns with considering weld seams. By iteratively updating the geometry of the assumed model through 3D equilibrium analysis, the approach ensures convergence to the predicted actual state formed from planar patterns. The feasibility of the technique is validated by several numerical examples.
THIN-WALLED STRUCTURES
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Yuna Kurokawa, Rikako Konishi, Kanna Tomioku, Kenji Tanabe, Akikazu Fujita
Summary: The study revealed that PtdIns(4,5)P-2 is mainly localized in the cytoplasmic leaflet of the plasma membrane, concentrated in the furrowed area. Meanwhile, PtdIns(4)P is mainly localized in the undifferentiated flat area, and PtdIns(4)P produced by Pik1p or Stt4p is immediately phosphorylated by Mss4p and converted to PtdIns(4,5)P-2 at the plasma membrane.
HISTOCHEMISTRY AND CELL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Li Zhao, Deqiong Hu, Huiling Cheng
Summary: In this study, a novel functional monomer PMMA was synthesized and Co(II) ion-imprinted composite membranes were prepared. By optimizing the parameters of the imprinting system, Co(II)-PMMA-IICM16 with good adsorption capacity and imprinting effect was obtained. The results validate the potential applications of this novel functional monomer in various fields where adsorption is necessary.
MICROPOROUS AND MESOPOROUS MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Wan Li, Ran Du, Julieth Joram Majura, Zhongqin Chen, Wenhong Cao, Chaohua Zhang, Huina Zheng, Jialong Gao, Haisheng Lin, Xiaoming Qin
Summary: Protein distribution and structural characteristics of oysters were studied, revealing the main distribution in the visceral mass and mantle. Different types of oyster proteins showed variations in thermal stability, secondary structures, and molecular weight distribution.
Article
Allergy
Bastiaan Maes, Ursula Smole, Matthias Vanderkerken, Kim Deswarte, Justine Van Moorleghem, Karl Vergote, Manon Vanheerswynghels, Caroline De Wolf, Sofie De Prijck, Nincy Debeuf, Benjamin Pavie, Wendy Toussaint, Sophie Janssens, Savvas Savvides, Bart N. Lambrecht, Hamida Hammad
Summary: This study found that loss of Taok3 can alleviate house dust mite-driven allergic asthma due to defects in both adaptive dendritic cell-mediated T(H)2 activation and innate ILC2 function.
JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Correction
Biochemical Research Methods
Ulrike Boehm, Glyn Nelson, Claire M. Brown, Steve Bagley, Peter Bajcsy, Johanna Bischof, Aurelien Dauphin, Ian M. Dobbie, John E. Eriksson, Orestis Faklaris, Julia Fernandez-Rodriguez, Alexia Ferrand, Laurent Gelman, Ali Gheisari, Hella Hartmann, Christian Kukat, Alex Laude, Miso Mitkovski, Sebastian Munck, Alison J. North, Tobias M. Rasse, Ute Resch-Genger, Lucas C. Schuetz, Arne Seitz, Caterina Strambio-De-Castillia, Jason R. Swedlow, Roland Nitschke
Article
Plant Sciences
Reinout Laureyns, Jessica Joossens, Denia Herwegh, Julie Pevernagie, Benjamin Pavie, Kirin Demuynck, Kevin Debray, Griet Coussens, Laurens Pauwels, Tom Van Hautegem, Michiel Bontinck, Josh Strable, Hilde Nelissen
Summary: The study optimized in situ sequencing (ISS) to simultaneously locate the transcripts of 90 genes in maize shoot apex, providing highly comparable expression profiles and allowing discrimination between tissue domains. The use of ISS in the shoot apex revealed spatiotemporal transcriptional events. The expression patterns of PLASTOCHRON1 (PLA1) demonstrated the effectiveness of the technology in identifying specific gene expression at cell boundaries. Spatial transcriptomics has significant applications in plant developmental biology research.
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Saskia Lippens, Dominique Audenaert, Alexander Botzki, Stefaan Derveaux, Bart Ghesquiere, Geert Goeminne, Reza Hassanzadeh, Jurgen Haustraete, Francis Impens, Jochen Lamote, Sebastian Munck, Niels Vandamme, Gert Van Isterdael, Marijke Lein, Geert Van Minnebruggen
Review
Microscopy
Sebastian Munck, Christopher Cawthorne, Abril Escamilla-Ayala, Axelle Kerstens, Sergio Gabarre, Katrina Wesencraft, Eliana Battistella, Rebecca Craig, Emmanuel G. Reynaud, Jim Swoger, Gail McConnell
Summary: Optical mesoscale imaging is a rapidly developing field that bridges the gap between cell and organism resolution, allowing visualization of larger samples. However, challenges arise with larger specimens, including distortions and shadowing. This manuscript discusses the latest developments in mesoscale imaging, highlights limitations, and explores methods to turn it into a more quantitative technique, involving digital and physical phantoms as well as artificial intelligence.
JOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Lidia Yshii, Emanuela Pasciuto, Pascal Bielefeld, Loriana Mascali, Pierre Lemaitre, Marika Marino, James Dooley, Lubna Kouser, Stijn Verschoren, Vasiliki Lagou, Hannelore Kemps, Pascal Gervois, Antina de Boer, Oliver T. Burton, Jerome Wahis, Jens Verhaert, Samar Tareen, Carlos P. Roca, Kailash Singh, Carly E. Whyte, Axelle Kerstens, Zsuzsanna Callaerts-Vegh, Suresh Poovathingal, Teresa Prezzemolo, Keimpe Wierda, Amy Dashwood, Junhua Xie, Elien Van Wonterghem, Eline Creemers, Meryem Aloulou, Willy Gsell, Oihane Abiega, Sebastian Munck, Roosmarijn E. Vandenbroucke, Annelies Bronckaers, Robin Lemmens, Bart De Strooper, Ludo Van Den Bosch, Uwe Himmelreich, Carlos P. Fitzsimons, Matthew G. Holt, Adrian Liston
Summary: The ability of immune-modulating biologics to prevent and reverse pathology has transformed recent clinical practice. In this study, researchers identified brain interleukin 2 (IL-2) levels as a limiting factor for brain-resident T-reg cells and developed a gene-delivery approach to astrocytes to increase IL-2 production. Mice with brain-specific IL-2 delivery were protected against neuroinflammation, demonstrating the effectiveness of this approach.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Panagiotis Karras, Ignacio Bordeu, Joanna Pozniak, Ada Nowosad, Cecilia Pazzi, Nina Van Raemdonck, Ewout Landeloos, Yannick Van Herck, Dennis Pedri, Greet Bervoets, Samira Makhzami, Jia Hui Khoo, Benjamin Pavie, Jochen Lamote, Oskar Marin-Bejar, Michael Dewaele, Han Liang, Xingju Zhang, Yichao Hua, Jasper Wouters, Robin Browaeys, Gabriele Bergers, Yvan Saeys, Francesca Bosisio, Joost van den Oord, Diether Lambrechts, Anil K. Rustgi, Oliver Bechter, Cedric Blanpain, Benjamin D. Simons, Florian Rambow, Jean-Christophe Marine
Summary: By combining mouse genetics, single-cell and spatial transcriptomics, lineage tracing and quantitative modelling, the researchers provide evidence of a hierarchical model of tumour growth in melanoma and reveal the spatial and temporal diversity and trajectories of melanoma cell states. They show that tumorigenic competence is associated with a spatially localized perivascular niche and that only a fraction of cells are fated to fuel primary tumour growth, while another fraction constitutes a pool of metastatic initiating cells that switch cell identity during dissemination to secondary organs. These findings highlight the importance of targeting microenvironmental cues to interfere with the cancer cell reprogramming activity.
Article
Biology
Helene De Bruyn, Nikky Corthout, Sebastian Munck, Wouter Everaerts, Thomas Voets
Summary: Understanding the lower urinary tract (LUT) is crucial for developing novel therapies for LUT disorders. We developed a videocystometry technique to accurately monitor the LUT in rodents, but it had limitations in awake and freely moving animals. To overcome this, we used machine learning to automatically analyze bladder filling and voiding cycles in behaving mice. Our findings revealed the effects of anesthesia on urethral relaxation and voiding duration, as well as the decreased bladder capacity after surgical implantation of a catheter. This approach provides a paradigm for noninvasive, in vivo monitoring of hollow organs in behaving animals and highlights the limitations of current standard techniques for studying the LUT in mice.
Article
Neurosciences
Julie Jacquemyn, Sabine Kuenen, Jef Swerts, Benjamin Pavie, Vinoy Vijayan, Ayse Kilic, Dries Chabot, Yu-Chun Wang, Nils Schoovaerts, Nikky Corthout, Patrik Verstreken
Summary: Recent research shows a link between dysfunctional lipid metabolism and the development of Parkinson's disease. Through a new Drosophila model, researchers found that a pathogenic mutation caused synaptic dysfunction, neurological defects, neurodegeneration, and specific lipid metabolism alterations. Overexpression of another protein mutated in Parkinson's disease rescued the lipid alterations, neuronal function defects, and neurodegeneration, suggesting a relationship between these two proteins and phosphoinositide metabolism in maintaining neuronal integrity and survival.
NPJ PARKINSONS DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Dieudonne Buh Kum, Hannah Vanrusselt, Abel Acosta Sanchez, Valerio Taverniti, Eloi R. Verrier, Thomas F. Baumert, Cheng Liu, Jerome Deval, Nikky Corthout, Sebastian Munck, Leonid Beigelman, Lawrence M. Blatt, Julian A. Symons, Pierre Raboisson, Andreas Jekle, Sandrine Vendeville, Yannick Debing
Summary: This study uncovers a novel mechanism of action for CAM-As in the treatment of chronic hepatitis B, where HBc aggregation induces cell death, leading to hepatocyte proliferation and loss of covalently closed circular DNA or its equivalent, possibly assisted by an induced innate immune response.
Article
Cell Biology
Maria Livia Sassano, Alexander R. R. van Vliet, Ellen Vervoort, Sofie Van Eygen, Chris van den Haute, Benjamin Pavie, Joris Roels, Johannes V. V. Swinnen, Marco Spinazzi, Leen Moens, Kristina Casteels, Isabelle Meyts, Paolo Pinton, Saverio Marchi, Leila Rochin, Francesca Giordano, Blanca Felipe-Abrio, Patrizia Agostinis
Summary: ER-mitochondria appositions play a critical role in the transfer of ions and phospholipids between these organelles and impact mitochondrial bioenergetics. However, the molecular mechanisms involved in this process are not well understood. This study reveals that PERK acts as an adaptor to recruit the lipid transfer protein E-Syt1 at ER-mitochondria contact sites, enabling lipid transport and maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis. These findings provide insights into the molecular components and functions of the lipid trafficking machinery at ER-mitochondria contact sites.
JOURNAL OF CELL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Zoe P. Van Acker, Anika Perdok, Ruben Hellemans, Katherine North, Inge Vorsters, Cedric Cappel, Jonas Dehairs, Johannes V. Swinnen, Ragna Sannerud, Marine Bretou, Markus Damme, Wim Annaert
Summary: Phospholipase D3 polymorphisms are associated with late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD), but the underlying mechanisms are unclear. This study reveals that Phospholipase D3 processes mitochondrial DNA in lysosomes, leading to lysosomal dysfunction and abnormal degradation of amyloid precursor protein. The accumulation of mitochondrial DNA in lysosomes activates cGAS-STING signaling, resulting in dysregulation of autophagy and cholesterol metabolism, which contributes to the pathogenesis of LOAD.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Virology
Hannah Vanrusselt, Dieudonne Buh Kum, Valerio Taverniti, Cheng Liu, Abel Acosta Sanchez, Nikky Corthout, Sebastian Munck, Thomas F. Baumert, Leonid Beigelman, Lawrence M. Blatt, Julian A. Symons, Jerome Deval, Pierre Raboisson, Eloi R. Verrier, Andreas Jekle, Sandrine Vendeville, Yannick Debing
Summary: This study reports on the first non-HAP CAM-As (capsid assembly modulators) ALG-005398 and ALG-005863, providing a detailed in vitro intracellular characterization. These non-HAP CAM-As showed potent inhibition of HBV DNA production and blocked the establishment of cccDNA.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Cell Biology
M. Bretou, R. Sannerud, A. Escamilla-Ayala, E. Eskelinen, Z. P. Van Acker, B. Pavie, W. Annaert
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL
(2023)