Journal
HUMAN VACCINES & IMMUNOTHERAPEUTICS
Volume 12, Issue 9, Pages 2391-2402Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2016.1183077
Keywords
antibody responses; antipyretic analgesics; immune responses; NSAIDs; prophylaxis; vaccination
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Funding
- National Institute of Child Health and Human Development of the National Institutes of Health [5T32HD060558]
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While antipyretic analgesics are widely used to ameliorate vaccine adverse reactions, their use has been associated with blunted vaccine immune responses. Our objective was to review literature evaluating the effect of antipyretic analgesics on vaccine immune responses and to highlight potential underlying mechanisms. Observational studies reporting on antipyretic use around the time of immunization concluded that their use did not affect antibody responses. Only few randomized clinical trials demonstrated blunted antibody response of unknown clinical significance. This effect has only been noted following primary vaccination with novel antigens and disappears following booster immunization. The mechanism by which antipyretic analgesics reduce antibody response remains unclear and not fully explained by COX enzyme inhibition. Recent work has focused on the involvement of nuclear and subcellular signaling pathways. More detailed immunological investigations and a systems biology approach are needed to precisely define the impact and mechanism of antipyretic effects on vaccine immune responses.
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