Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Melissa S. Traver, Bonnie Bartel
Summary: Lipid droplets are conserved organelles that regulate energy homeostasis by storing and releasing neutral lipids. This study identified MIEL1 as a protein that modulates lipid droplet dynamics by ubiquitinating and degrading the seed lipid droplet protein OLE1. The human homolog of MIEL1, PIRH2, was also found to be involved in lipid catabolism and peroxisome biology in mammals.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Triana Amen, Daniel Kaganovich
Summary: Metabolic regulation is essential for stress response pathways, and the interconnection between stress granule formation and lipid droplet accumulation has been uncovered, revealing a novel relationship between stress adaptation mechanisms.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Amelia Rojas-Gomez, Sara G. Dosil, Francisco J. Chichon, Nieves Fernandez-Gallego, Alessia Ferrarini, Enrique Calvo, Diego Calzada-Fraile, Silvia Requena, Joaquin Oton, Alvaro Serrano, Rocio Tarifa, Montserrat Arroyo, Andrea Sorrentino, Eva Pereiro, Jesus Vazquez, Jose M. Valpuesta, Francisco Sanchez-Madrid, Noa B. Martin-Cofreces
Summary: Cell proteostasis includes various processes such as gene transcription, protein folding, and degradation. By analyzing the proteome of T cell-secreted extracellular vesicles (EVs), researchers have found that the chaperonin complex CCT plays a role in the correct folding of specific proteins. When CCT is limited by siRNA, cells undergo changes in lipid composition and metabolic rewiring towards a lipid-dependent metabolism, resulting in increased activity of peroxisomes and mitochondria. This is due to dysregulation of interorganelle contacts between lipid droplets, mitochondria, peroxisomes, and the endolysosomal system. These findings connect proteostasis with lipid metabolism through an unexpected role of CCT.
JOURNAL OF EXTRACELLULAR VESICLES
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Leo Shen, Lauren Pugsley, Regina Cencic, HanChen Wang, Francis Robert, Sai Kiran Naineni, Ananya Sahni, Genevieve Morin, Wenhan Zhang, Anastasia Nijnik, John A. Porco, David Langlais, Sidong Huang, Jerry Pelletier
Summary: The article discusses the mechanism of action and resistance mechanisms of eukaryotic translation initiation inhibitors rocaglates, identifying transcription factors FOXP3 and NR1I3 as potent modifiers of rocaglate response. Additionally, FOXP3 and NR1I3 confer a multi-drug resistant phenotype that can be reversed by inhibiting Pgp, suggesting a potential therapeutic combination strategy.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Yuan Lin, Hainan Zhao, Magdalena Kotlarz, Jiming Jiang
Summary: Gene expression is regulated by interactions between cis-regulatory DNA elements (CREs) and regulatory proteins. Enhancers play a crucial role in this process, especially in eukaryotes, but little is known about the molecular mechanisms involved in plants. Researchers identified a distal enhancer, CRE beta, which regulates gene expression in response to osmotic pressure, and established a forward genetic screen pipeline to identify trans-regulatory factors associated with CRE beta function and the regulation of the endogenous gene AtDGK7.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yongtian Chen, Jing Kang, Ru Zhen, Liyang Zhang, Caiyong Chen
Summary: Vesicle trafficking is a critical cellular process in eukaryotes, and this study identifies CCT4 as a key regulator of protein secretion and vesicle trafficking. The deficiency of CCT4 impairs the trafficking of endocytic markers in intestinal cells, and silencing CCT4 in human cells leads to defective endosomal trafficking. These findings highlight the essential role of CCT in regulating vesicle trafficking and provide new insights into its cellular function.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Eva Sheardown, Aleksandra M. Mech, Maria Elena Miletto Petrazzini, Adele Leggieri, Agnieszka Gidziela, Saeedeh Hosseinian, Ian M. Sealy, Jose Torres-Perez, Elisabeth M. Busch-Nentwich, Margherita Malanchini, Caroline H. Brennan
Summary: Psychiatric disorders are a significant burden in society, but the genetic factors contributing to their etiology are still poorly understood. Animal models and genomic studies in human populations can provide valuable insights into the causes of psychiatric diseases.
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Yangjun Yang, Xi Li, Zonghan Liu, Xinyu Ruan, Huihui Wang, Qiang Zhang, Lu Cao, Luchen Song, Yinghong Chen, Yi Sun
Summary: Moderate treadmill exercise helps regulate lipid droplet dynamics caused by non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and improves the condition by inhibiting abnormal lipid droplet expansion and enhancing clearance of the droplets.
Article
Biology
Yonghe Ding, Di Lang, Jianhua Yan, Haisong Bu, Hongsong Li, Kunli Jiao, Jingchun Yang, Haibo Ni, Stefano Morotti, Tai Le, Karl J. Clark, Jenna Port, Stephen C. Ekker, Hung Cao, Yuji Zhang, Jun Wang, Eleonora Grandi, Zhiqiang Li, Yongyong Shi, Yigang Li, Alexey Glukhov, Xiaolei Xu
Summary: The study utilized a gene-break transposon (GBT) library to identify a novel causative gene Dnajb6 for sick sinus syndrome, revealing the heterogeneity of cardiac pacemaker cells.
Article
Plant Sciences
Shaogan Wang, Stefan Robertz, Merve Seven, Florian Kraemer, Benjamin M. Kuhn, Lifeng Liu, China Lunde, Markus Pauly, Vicente Ramirez
Summary: Through chemical mutagenesis of maize, a collection of mutants with diverse alterations in cell wall attributes were identified. Some mutants showed increased saccharification yield, while others showed decreased yield. These mutants, called candy-leaf (cal), provide a valuable tool to understand the recalcitrance of grass lignocellulosics and grass-specific aspects of cell wall biology.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Sven Lyschik, Anna A. Lauer, Tanja Roth, Daniel Janitschke, Markus Hollander, Thorsten Will, Tobias Hartmann, Ron R. Kopito, Volkhard Helms, Marcus O. W. Grimm, Bianca Schrul
Summary: Cellular lipid metabolism is tightly regulated by PEX19, which targets proteins to peroxisomes and lipid droplets. PEX19 plays a crucial role in controlling neutral lipid storage and dynamics by sorting specific protein subsets to lipid droplets.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biology
Salman Sohrabi, Danielle E. Mor, Rachel Kaletsky, William Keyes, Coleen T. Murphy
Summary: Salman Sohrabi et al. developed an automated, high-throughput assay to study spasm-like curling behavior in C. elegans, which is related to motor control symptoms in Parkinson's disease. They applied this screening approach to identify four candidate drugs for potential late-in-life interventions for Parkinson's disease.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xinghua Zhou, Jie Li, Xiaowei Zhang, Caiqin Zhang, Juan Bai, Yansheng Zhao, Ying Zhu, Jiayan Zhang, Xiang Xiao
Summary: Exposure to BPS can lead to increased fat accumulation in Caenorhabditis elegans, mainly through affecting lipid metabolism and regulating the expression of certain genes.
COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY C-TOXICOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biology
Michael Sean Mauro, Gunta Celma, Vitaly Zimyanin, Magdalena M. Magaj, Kimberley H. Gibson, Stefanie Redemann, Shirin Bahmanyar
Summary: During the formation and growth of the nuclear envelope, the membrane-associated nucleoporin Ndc1 plays a crucial role in coordinating the assembly of nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) and regulating NPC density, in parallel with the inner ring component Nup53 and membrane biogenesis. This study provides insights into the mechanisms underlying NE formation and growth.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Xiang Xiao, Xiaowei Zhang, Juan Bai, Jie Li, Caiqin Zhang, Yansheng Zhao, Ying Zhu, Jiayan Zhang, Xinghua Zhou
Summary: The study found that BPS can increase fat accumulation and affect the expression of genes related to lipid metabolism using the C. elegans model. Low dose of BPS showed a stronger impact, promoting fat synthesis through specific genes and inhibiting fatty acid oxidation.