Article
Microbiology
Owais R. Hakiem, Syed M. A. Rizvi, Cuper Ramirez, Ming Tan
Summary: In this study, we used DNA immunoprecipitation-seq and RNA-seq analyses to investigate the role of the transcription factor Euo in Chlamydia trachomatis. We found that Euo represses late chlamydial genes and activates a subset of midcycle genes, as well as regulating its own expression. Our findings highlight the important role of Euo as a developmental regulator in C. trachomatis and demonstrate a correlative approach that can be used to study transcription factors in other pathogenic bacteria.
Article
Neurosciences
Hyemin Kim, Jinyoung Lee, Yongcheol Cho
Summary: Axon regeneration in the central nervous system is inefficient, while neurons in the peripheral nervous system display robust regeneration after injury. PDK1 functions as a negative regulator of axon regeneration in adult neurons, and its knockdown or chemical inhibition can promote regeneration.
Article
Dermatology
Krista Schleicher, Daniel Schramek
Summary: The epidermis, outermost layer of the skin, constantly renews itself to maintain integrity and prevent diseases. The scaffolding protein AJUBA plays diverse roles in epidermal homeostasis and cancer, including promoting differentiation and proliferation, maintaining cytoskeletal tension, etc.
EXPERIMENTAL DERMATOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Hanxiao Yin, Mingzheng Hu, Dengwen Li
Summary: The epidermis is a barrier in the outermost layer of the skin that protects against pathogens. Basal keratinocytes, acting as stem cells, are crucial for epidermal development and skin damage recovery. Understanding the molecular mechanism of basal keratinocytes in epidermal development and stratification is important for preventing and treating skin lesions.
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Dermatology
Shen Yan, Raphael Ripamonti, Hiroshi Kawabe, Maya Ben-Yehuda Greenwald, Sabine Werner
Summary: The ubiquitin ligase NEDD4-1 plays crucial roles in various aspects of skin function, including keratinocyte proliferation, differentiation, and wound repair. Lack of NEDD4-1 in keratinocytes leads to impaired migration and proliferation, resulting in delayed re-epithelialization of wounds. This study highlights the importance of NEDD4-1 in skin homeostasis and identifies its involvement in mitogenic and motogenic signaling pathways.
JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hiroyuki Iida, Ari Pekka Maehoenen, Gerd Juergens, Shinobu Takada
Summary: The fate of plant cells is determined by their relative positions during development. In Arabidopsis thaliana, when inner leaf mesophyll cells are exposed to the surface, they up-regulate ATML1 protein expression, which controls epidermal cell identity. Mechanically signaling, such as pressure release, plays a crucial role in restricting ATML1 activity to outermost cells and facilitating epidermal differentiation.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Jayati Basu, Andre Olsson, Kyle Ferchen, Elizaveta K. Titerina, Kashish Chetal, Emmanuelle Nicolas, Philip Czyzewicz, Dmitry Levchenko, Lu Ge, Xiang Hua, H. Leighton Grimes, Nathan Salomonis, Dietmar J. Kappes
Summary: Basu et al. discovered that the transcription factor ThPOK plays a crucial role in myeloid lineage commitment, differentiation, and maturation. It is not only expressed in T cells but also in myeloid cell progenitors, and influences the choice between monocyte-dendritic cells and neutrophils. ThPOK controls granulocyte lineage production, acts as a brake for neutrophil maturation, and regulates lineage-specific transcription factors and RNA through altered messenger RNA splicing.
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Yanqun Li, Jianhui Yue, Yuan Liu, Jun Wu, Min Guan, Di Chen, Haobo Pan, Xiaoli Zhao, William W. Lu
Summary: The study revealed that strontium promotes osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells and balances stemness maintenance and osteogenic differentiation through asymmetric cell division. Strontium activates noncanonical Wnt signaling to regulate cell division and enhance osteogenic differentiation.
ACTA BIOMATERIALIA
(2021)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Cui Ge, Cun Lin, Mengzhen Zhang, Jingchen Yuan, Xiyan Feng, Zhitai Hao, Shoutao Zhang, Qingnan Tian
Summary: Tubgcp3 is a crucial mitotic regulator in planarian flatworms, playing a significant role in maintaining epidermal lineage. Knockdown of Tubgcp3 results in reduced cell divisions and loss of mature epidermal cells.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Emily H. Zion, Daniel Ringwalt, Kristina Rinaldi, Elizabeth W. Kahney, Yingying Li, Xin Chen
Summary: We found that old and new histones H3 and H4 in Drosophila intestinal stem cells (ISCs) are asymmetrically partitioned during cell division. The inheritance patterns of these histones correlate with expression patterns of Delta gene, which is important for cell fate determination. By disrupting asymmetric histone inheritance, we observed an increase in symmetric cell pairs and overpopulation of ISC-like, Delta-positive cells, suggesting the role of asymmetric histone inheritance in establishing distinct cell identities in somatic stem cell lineage.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ferhat Buke, Jacopo Grilli, Marco Cosentino Lagomarsino, Gregory Bokinsky, Sander J. Tans
Summary: Cell size is regulated by growth and division. Bacteria achieve size homeostasis by dividing when growth adds a constant size since birth, a principle known as the adder principle. In this study, the researchers found that the concentration of guanosine tetraphosphate (ppGpp) in cells not only controls the growth rate, but also regulates cell division and steady-state cell size. The added size and steady-state birth size correlate consistently with the ppGpp concentration, rather than with the growth rate.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jun Li, Jie Ma, Qiyu Zhang, Huizi Gong, Dunqin Gao, Yujie Wang, Biyou Li, Xiao Li, Heyi Zheng, Zhihong Wu, Yunping Zhu, Ling Leng
Summary: In this study, a hierarchical skin proteome map is constructed to identify and analyze the functions of ECM proteins, revealing TGFBI as a glycoprotein that enhances the growth and function of epidermal stem cells and promotes wound healing.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Yan Liao, Verena Vogel, Sabine Hauber, Juergen Bartel, Omer S. Alkhnbashi, Sandra Maass, Thandi S. Schwarz, Rolf Backofen, Doerte Becher, Iain G. Duggin, Anita Marchfelder
Summary: The transcription factor CdrS plays a central role in coordinating metabolism and cell division in the archaeon Haloferax volcanii. It regulates the expression of genes associated with cell division, protein degradation, and metabolism. Additionally, CdrS has multiple DNA-binding sites and is involved in the regulation of essential cell division genes, suggesting its sophisticated role in coordinating cellular pathways.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mareike Damen, Lisa Wirtz, Ekaterina Soroka, Houda Khatif, Christian Kukat, Benjamin D. Simons, Hisham Bazzi
Summary: The study suggests that the orientation of cell division is linked to the stratification process of the skin epidermis, although it has less impact on epidermal differentiation in later stages. The data provide insights into tissue homeostasis and hyperproliferative diseases.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Kai Kretzschmar, Kim E. Boonekamp, Margit Bleijs, Priyanca Asra, Mandy Koomen, Susana M. Chuva de Sousa Lopes, Barbara Giovannone, Hans Clevers
Summary: Research has identified Troy as a marker of epidermal basal cells that play a role in the long-term renewal and cornification of the skin. Single-cell transcriptomics and organoid assays confirmed their stem cell identity and ability to generate differentiating daughter cells.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Takamitsu Ohnishi, Shinichi Watanabe, Tetsuya Matsumoto, Hiroshi Yotsuyanagi, Junko Sato, Intestu Kobayashi, Shin Iinuma, Takashi Nagayama, Shuichiro Shibuya, Natsuki Ogawa, Ken Iozumi, Yasuyuki Nakajima, Yukiko Kurikawa, Motoko Kobayashi, Koma Matsuo, Hideyuki Ishikawa, Tadamichi Shimizu, Kiyohiro Tsutsui, Tatsuyoshi Kawamura, Ryuhei Okuyama, Mariko Seishima, Yoichi Akita, Chikatoshi Kasugai, Katsuaki Yano, Yasuhiko Tamada, Kimihiko Mizutani, Kenji Kabashima, Nanako Yamada, Masami Ikeda
Summary: The present study compared trends in antimicrobial resistance patterns in pathogens isolated from skin and soft-tissue infections (SSTIs) in Japan with those of a nationwide survey conducted in 2013. The prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) did not differ significantly between the present study and the 2013 survey. However, the prevalence of methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci (MRCNS) was higher in the present study compared to the 2013 survey. The susceptibility profiles of MRSA and MRCNS to various antibiotics were not significantly different between the two surveys. Continuous monitoring is important for guiding the appropriate treatment of SSTIs.
JOURNAL OF INFECTION AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2023)
Letter
Dermatology
Takayoshi Komatsu-Fujii, Corrine Sison de Jesus, Takashi Nomura, Kenji Kabashima
JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY AND VENEREOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Dermatology
Annelie H. Musters, Conor Broderick, David Prieto-Merino, Andrea Chiricozzi, Giovanni Damiani, Ketty Peris, Sandipan Dhar, Abhishek De, Esther Freeman, Bernd W. M. Arents, Tim Burton, Angela Leigh-Ann L. Bosma, Ching-Chi Chi, Godfrey Fletcher, Aaron M. Drucker, Kenji Kabashima, Emilie F. de Monchy, Maitreyee Panda, Dmitri Robert Wall, Christian Vestergaard, Emmanuel Mahe, Laura Bonzano, Leila Kattach, Maddalena Napolitano, Maria Fernanda Ordonez-Rubiano, Eva Haufe, Cataldo Patruno, Alan D. Irvine, Phyllis Spuls, Carsten Flohr
Summary: Limited data suggest that patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) receiving systemic immunomodulatory treatments have a lower risk of severe COVID-19 complications. Monotherapy with dupilumab is associated with lower hospitalization rates compared to other therapies. However, combination systemic treatments, particularly those including systemic corticosteroids, have the highest risk of severe COVID-19.
JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY AND VENEREOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Dermatology
Hidehisa Saeki, Masashi Akiyama, Masatoshi Abe, Atsuyuki Igarashi, Shinichi Imafuku, Yukihiro Ohya, Norito Katoh, Hideto Kameda, Kenji Kabashima, Yuichiro Tsunemi, Michihiro Hide, Mamitaro Ohtsuki
Summary: This guidance provides information on the use of oral JAK inhibitors for the treatment of atopic dermatitis. It explains the role of oral JAK inhibitors in inhibiting the signal transduction of cytokines involved in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis. It also highlights the authorized oral JAK inhibitors for atopic dermatitis in Japan and emphasizes the importance of considering disease factors, treatment factors, and patient backgrounds in the selection of treatment options.
JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Dermatology
R. Bissonnette, L. F. Eichenfield, E. Simpson, D. Thaci, K. Kabashima, J. P. Thyssen, E. Guttman-Yassky, F. P. Nunes, M. Gamalo, F. Ahmad, M. Kuligowski, K. Sun, C. Pipper, A. W. Christensen, P. D'Angelo, M. Milutinovic, A. Guettner, J. I. Silverberg
Summary: Despite the lack of guidelines for analyzing clinical trial data in atopic dermatitis (AD), using the estimand framework can help standardize the analysis and incorporate intercurrent events. Intercurrent events, such as rescue therapy and sleep deprivation, frequently occur in AD trials and their inconsistent handling limits result interpretation. Applying the estimand framework, as guided by the International Council for Harmonization of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use (ICH), can improve AD trial design and analysis by providing more reflective and informative results for clinicians to make treatment selection.
JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY AND VENEREOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Emma Guttman-Yassky, Eric L. Simpson, Kristian Reich, Kenji Kabashima, Ken Igawa, Tetsuya Suzuki, Hirotaka Mano, Takeshi Matsui, Ehsanollah Esfandiari, Masutaka Furue
Summary: This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of the anti-OX40 antibody rocatinlimab in patients with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis. The results showed significant reductions in EASI score at week 16 in patients receiving rocatinlimab compared to placebo. The treatment led to progressive improvements in atopic dermatitis, which were maintained in most patients after treatment discontinuation, and it was well tolerated.
Article
Dermatology
Amy S. Paller, Jonathan I. Silverberg, Michael J. Cork, Emma Guttman-Yassky, Benjamin Lockshin, Alan D. Irvine, Moon Bum Kim, Kenji Kabashima, Zhen Chen, Yufang Lu, Ashish Bansal, Ana B. Rossi, Arsalan Shabbir
Summary: This study assessed the efficacy and safety of dupilumab in patients with severe erythrodermic atopic dermatitis (AD). The results showed that dupilumab significantly improved AD signs and symptoms, including affected body surface area, Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI) score, and Pruritus Numerical Rating Scale (PP-NRS) score. The treatment also led to reductions in serum biomarker levels.
Article
Allergy
Riko Takimoto-Ito, Naotomo Kambe, Toshiaki Kogame, Takashi Nomura, Kazushi Izawa, Tomoyasu Jo, Yasuhiro Kazuma, Hajime Yoshifuji, Yuya Tabuchi, Hiroyasu Abe, Mayuko Yamamoto, Kimiko Nakajima, Ozumi Tomita, Yosuke Yagi, Kazumoto Katagiri, Yuki Matsuzaka, Yohei Takeuchi, Miho Hatanaka, Takuro Kanekura, Sora Takeuchi, Takafumi Kadono, Yuya Fujita, Kiyoshi Migita, Takahiro Fujino, Takahiko Akagi, Tomoyuki Mukai, Tohru Nagano, Mitsuhiro Kawano, Hayato Kimura, Yukari Okubo, Akimichi Morita, Michihiro Hide, Takahiro Satoh, Akihiko Asahina, Nobuo Kanazawa, Kenji Kabashima
Summary: Schnitzler syndrome is a rare disorder characterized by chronic urticaria. A nationwide survey was conducted in Japan to determine the current status of the disease. Clinical information of 36 diagnosed cases was collected, providing insights into the clinical features and treatment of the syndrome. Continuous collection and long-term follow-up of clinical information are crucial for the appropriate management and further understanding of Schnitzler syndrome.
ALLERGOLOGY INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Yuki Honda Keith, Gyohei Egawa, Tetsuya Honda, Kenji Kabashima
Summary: Mast cells (MCs) are immune cells that play important roles in maintaining homeostasis and inflammatory states in tissues. They are involved in the pathogenesis of type 2 skin inflammation in atopic dermatitis (AD) through both pro- and anti-inflammatory effects. The activation of skin MCs by environmental factors like Staphylococcus aureus can lead to AD inflammation, while MCs also contribute to pruritus through IgE-dependent and -independent degranulation. On the other hand, MCs can suppress type 2 skin inflammation by promoting Treg expansion and enhancing skin barrier function.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
David A. Armstrong, Taylor R. Hudson, Christine A. Hodge, Thomas H. Hampton, Alexandra L. Howell, Matthew S. Hayden
Summary: Gene editing using CRISPR/Cas is a developing therapeutic tool for gene modification in eukaryotic cells. Alternative CRISPR systems, including CasX1 and CasX2, have been identified from non-pathogenic microbes, offering smaller size and selective protospacer adjacent motif (PAM). Research on CasX2 cleavage activity in modifying the CCR5 gene showed variations dependent on target site, spacer length, and the fourth nucleotide in the PAM sequence, indicating the importance for developing gene therapy strategies.
Article
Dermatology
Kenji Kabashima, Takayo Matsumura, Hiroshi Komazaki, Makoto Kawashima
Summary: This study investigated the impact of nemolizumab on the quality of life in patients with atopic dermatitis. The results showed that nemolizumab treatment improved sleep quality, interpersonal relationships, and work activities.
DERMATOLOGY AND THERAPY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Azusa Saika, Prabha Tiwari, Takahiro Nagatake, Eri Node, Koji Hosomi, Tetsuya Honda, Kenji Kabashima, Jun Kunisawa
Summary: Mead acid can suppress retinol-induced irritant contact dermatitis and prevent keratinocyte hyperproliferation and the expression of neutrophil chemoattractants through the PPAR-alpha pathway.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR BIOSCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Toshiaki Kogame, Gyohei Egawa, Kenji Kabashima
Summary: Recent studies have shown that Janus kinase (JAK) plays a crucial role in signal transduction for inflammatory diseases like atopic dermatitis (AD). Clinical trials using JAK inhibitors and biologic reagents have been successful in treating AD, indicating the efficacy of molecular-based therapies. However, there are concerns about the safety of JAK inhibitors, including severe heart disease. This article provides an overview of the molecular mechanisms of AD and discusses JAK-related biology as a target for AD treatment.
IMMUNOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Anthony Di Roio, Margaux Hubert, Laurie Besson, Marion Bossennec, Celine Rodriguez, Yenkel Grinberg-Bleyer, Guilhem Lalle, Lyvia Moudombi, Raphael Schneider, Cyril Degletagne, Isabelle Treilleux, Daniel J. Campbell, Severine Metzger, Thomas Duhen, Olivier Tredan, Christophe Caux, Christine Menetrier-Caux
Summary: This study investigated the expression, function, and regulation of MDR1 in CD4(+) T cells and its role in neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer. The results showed that MDR1 expression was associated with the enrichment of Th1.17 and Th17 cells and correlated positively with pathological response. This study has important clinical implications for adjusting chemotherapy regimens.
JOURNAL FOR IMMUNOTHERAPY OF CANCER
(2023)
Article
Dermatology
Hitomi Nakaizumi, Naotomo Kambe, Hiroyuki Irie, Yo Kaku, Masakazu Fujimoto, Hajime Yoshifuji, Yasuhiro Kazuma, Kazumoto Katagiri, Takuro Kanekura, Kenji Kabashima
Summary: Schnitzler syndrome (SchS) is a rare autoinflammatory disease characterized by bone pain, recurrent fever, and other symptoms. A key feature of the syndrome is the presence of a persistent urticarial-like rash. Histopathological data suggests that neutrophilic epitheliotropism, or the tendency of neutrophils to infiltrate and affect epithelial tissue, can be a useful marker for diagnosing SchS and differentiating it from conventional urticaria. Understanding this characteristic is crucial for early diagnosis and appropriate treatment.
JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY
(2023)
