Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Zhihan Chen, Hongru Ding, Pavana Siddhartha Kollipara, Jingang Li, Yuebing Zheng
Summary: Researchers propose a novel optical feedback control system that can mimic collective motion observed in living objects. This system allows for experimental investigation of velocity alignment in a perturbed environment, and spontaneous formation of different moving states and dynamic transitions were observed.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Mechanics
Xinyu Si, Lei Fang
Summary: Using a hybrid experimental-numerical model, it was found that rod-like swimmers exhibit a much stronger preferential alignment with attracting LCSs compared to repelling LCSs, leading to a strong accumulation near the attracting LCSs. This self-similarity of the accumulation reduces the interaction to only one control parameter, providing insights into the interaction between active non-spherical swimmers and LCSs that can be applied to various natural and engineered fluids.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Yvonne Guckenbiehl, Eva Ortner, Isabell Rothkopf, Ute Schweiggert-Weisz, Gottfried Ziegleder, Andrea Buettner, Susanne Naumann-Gola
Summary: This study investigated the distribution and transition of aroma-active volatiles in dark chocolate and found that the diffusion mechanisms of these compounds depended on their physico-chemical properties and the mass composition of the chocolate. The accumulation of compounds in the fat phase increased with decreasing polarity and increasing fat content. The presence of cocoa particles also affected the concentration of certain compounds in the fat phase.
Article
Mechanics
Miguel Angel Lopez-Castano, Alejandro Marquez Seco, Alicia Marquez Seco, Alvaro Rodriguez-Rivas, Francisco Vega Reyes
Summary: We studied the velocity autocorrelations in confined two-dimensional active rotors (disks). Small scale oscillations were observed in both rotational and translational velocity autocorrelations, with the characteristic frequency increasing as rotational activity increased. At stronger particle rotational activity, large scale particle spin fluctuations tended to vanish, while small oscillations around zero persisted, and spins remained predominantly and strongly anti-correlated at longer times. For weaker rotational activity, spin fluctuations became larger, and angular velocities remained de-correlated at longer times. The autocorrelation oscillations were found to be related to the rotational activity and indicative of the emergence of chirality in the dynamics of the particulate system.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Ran Li, Wenzheng Xiu, Baolin Liu, Gang Zheng, Hui Yang
Summary: Research on the flow of rice particles has shown that it differs from classical spherical particles, often exhibiting multiple velocity peaks. Lowering the rotation speed of the drum can change the flow into an avalanche mode, where particles slide and cover the entire rice particle bed.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Lorenzo Caprini, Umberto Marini Bettolo Marconi, Rene Wittmann, Hartmut Lowen
Summary: This study investigates the dynamical properties of an active particle with a swim speed dependent on its position. The research shows that non-Gaussianity becomes more prominent as the spatial dependence of the velocity profile increases, and there is a non-monotonic decay in the temporal shape of the velocity autocorrelation function.
Review
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Dillip Kumar Mishra, Mojtaba Jabbari Ghadi, Ali Azizivahed, Li Li, Jiangfeng Zhang
Summary: The world has been experiencing a series of natural disasters and man-made attacks, which have directly impacted electricity infrastructures and caused immense economic loss. To cope with high-impact, low-possibility events, a resilient infrastructure must be constructed. Recent research has focused on achieving resilience in the active distribution system, incorporating technologies such as micro and smart grids to enhance resilience before, during, and after extreme events.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Ion Santra, Urna Basu, Sanjib Sabhapandit
Summary: This article presents a general framework for studying the long-time behavior of active particles, and applies it to several specific models. By considering the ratio of persistence time to observation time as a small parameter, it is shown that the position distribution satisfies the diffusion equation at the leading order. The article also provides a method for calculating the sub-leading contributions to the Gaussian position distribution.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICS A-MATHEMATICAL AND THEORETICAL
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Praveen Agrawal, Neeraj Kanwar, Nikhil Gupta, K. R. Niazi, Anil Swarnkar
Summary: This paper proposes a three-stage Self-healing Algorithm (SHA) to enhance the resiliency of distribution systems, efficiently restoring maximum priority loads during blackout with multiple line faults while maintaining system efficiency and reliability. The algorithm transforms faulty distribution network into an augmented FDN (AFDN) for load flow and mesh checks, maximizing prioritized loads while considering power balance and operational constraints. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method in handling various line faults.
SUSTAINABLE ENERGY GRIDS & NETWORKS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lorenzo Caprini, Andrea Puglisi, Alessandro Sarracino
Summary: The study investigates the non-equilibrium nature of self-propelled particles through the linear response of the active Ornstein-Uhlenbeck particle (AOUP) model. The linear response is expressed in terms of correlations computed in the absence of perturbations, with a proposed fluctuation-dissipation relation (FDR) that separates equilibrium and non-equilibrium contributions. The case study of non-interacting AOUP confined in single-well and double-well potentials reveals the impact of dimensionality on the non-equilibrium relaxation process, highlighting the roles of position and velocity variables.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Bo Zhang, Hang Yuan, Andrey Sokolov, Monica Olvera de la Cruz, Alexey Snezhko
Summary: Spontaneous emergence of correlated states such as flocks and vortices is a prime example of collective dynamics and self-organization observed in active matter. Through experiments and simulations, it has been revealed that by controlling hydrodynamic and electrostatic interactions in active materials, subsequent polar states can be systematically commanded.
Review
Energy & Fuels
Yunyang Zou, Yan Xu, Xue Feng, R. T. Naayagi, Boon-Hee Soong
Summary: This paper provides a comprehensive review of a transactive energy system (TES), including a detailed classification from different perspectives such as participants, structure, commodity, clearing method, and solution algorithm, which can serve as a reference for future TES designs. Furthermore, the paper discusses penalty mechanism and loss allocation mechanism as future focus areas to ensure feasibility and fairness of energy trading.
CSEE JOURNAL OF POWER AND ENERGY SYSTEMS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Sina Taheri, Mana Jalali, Vassilis Kekatos, Lang Tong
Summary: The text discusses the acceleration of probabilistic hosting capacity analysis (PHCA) using multiparametric programming (MPP) in interconnection studies for distributed energy resources (DERs), saving time in the process. By utilizing an approximate grid model and novel approximate models, PHCA can handle different cases uniformly and find exact minimizers efficiently.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SMART GRID
(2021)
Correction
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ariel Norambuena, Felipe J. Valencia, Francisca Guzman-Lastra
Summary: An amendment to this paper has been published.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Lorenzo Caprini, Umberto Marini Bettolo Marconi
Summary: Recent discoveries show that high-density systems of active Brownian particles organize their velocities into coherent domains with large spatial structures. Velocity alignment is a robust property of ABP, persisting even in the presence of inertial forces and thermal fluctuations. The spatial velocity correlations are found to be non-thermal and fairly insensitive to variations in solvent and active temperatures.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Lorenzo Caprini, Umberto Marini Bettolo Marconi
Summary: This study investigates how inertia affects the behavior of self-propelled particles moving through a viscous solvent using the underdamped version of the active Ornstein-Uhlenbeck model. The research reveals marked equal-time correlations between velocity and active force in the non-equilibrium steady state, and shows that inertia also impacts the time-dependent properties of active particles. Additionally, the study examines how the virial pressure of particles changes as one transitions from the overdamped to the underdamped regime, and extends the analysis of correlations in the underdamped regime to a chain of active particles interacting via harmonic springs.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2021)
Letter
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Luca Angelani, Taras Bryk, Simone Capaccioli, Matteo Paoluzzi, Giancarlo Ruocco, Walter Schirmacher
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Lorenzo Caprini, Claudio Maggi, Umberto Marini Bettolo Marconi
Summary: In this study, a two-dimensional system of active particles confined to a narrow annular domain exhibited a transition from a disordered state to a global ordered motion state, where particles rotate persistently. The behavior was described by introducing an order parameter - velocity polarization, and measuring the spatial velocity correlation function and its correlation length to characterize the two states. The global collective motion disappeared when the size of the ring became infinite, indicating that it does not correspond to a phase transition in the usual thermodynamic sense.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Lorenzo Caprini, Fabio Cecconi, Umberto Marini Bettolo Marconi
Summary: By studying the dynamics of one-dimensional active particles in a double-well potential, we observed that the escape properties of the system are influenced by the persistence time of the active force and the swim velocity. The non-monotonic behavior of mean escape time with respect to activity persistence time indicates an optimal parameter choice for the escape process. Additionally, the interaction of active and repulsive forces in the escape of two mutually repelling active particles can lead to correlated motion that favors simultaneous barrier crossing.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Umberto Marini Bettolo Marconi, Lorenzo Caprini, Andrea Puglisi
Summary: Researchers derived the hydrodynamics for a system of N active, spherical, underdamped particles, considering density, polarization, velocity, and kinetic temperature fields, and predicting spatial equal-time velocity correlations in active liquids. In active liquids, the correlation length of transverse velocity fluctuations is significantly shorter than that of longitudinal fluctuations, with the latter depending on sound speed and persistence time, while the former shows weaker dependence on these parameters. They also derived the dynamical structure factors and intermediate scattering functions within the same framework, finding that velocity decorrelates on a much longer time-scale compared to passive fluids.
NEW JOURNAL OF PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Lorenzo Caprini, Umberto Marini Bettolo Marconi, Rene Wittmann, Hartmut Lowen
Summary: This study investigates the dynamical properties of an active particle with a swim speed dependent on its position. The research shows that non-Gaussianity becomes more prominent as the spatial dependence of the velocity profile increases, and there is a non-monotonic decay in the temporal shape of the velocity autocorrelation function.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Matteo Paoluzzi, Demian Levis, Ignacio Pagonabarraga
Summary: This study investigates the transition between glassy and fluid states in dense active materials, revealing that the mechanisms leading to fluidization in active systems do not have an equilibrium counterpart.
COMMUNICATIONS PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Claudio Maggi, Nicoletta Gnan, Matteo Paoluzzi, Emanuela Zaccarelli, Andrea Crisanti
Summary: This paper studies an active particles system near the motility-induced critical point and demonstrates that a nonequilibrium coloured noise field can capture the coarse-grained behavior of the system. The study shows that active particles violate the equilibrium fluctuation-dissipation in the high-wave-vector and high-frequency regime, but the critical dynamics is effectively in equilibrium at larger spatiotemporal scales. A field-theoretical description using a space-time correlated noise field qualitatively captures the numerical results.
COMMUNICATIONS PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nicola Pellicciotta, Matteo Paoluzzi, Dario Buonomo, Giacomo Frangipane, Luca Angelani, Roberto Di Leonardo
Summary: By modulating bacterial motility with light, researchers have found a way to control the transport direction and speed of microscopic particles by adjusting the active pressure gradients. This discovery provides new insights into the potential use of active pressure for controlled transport of microscopic objects.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Mattia Miotto, Maria Rosito, Matteo Paoluzzi, Valeria de Turris, Viola Folli, Marco Leonetti, Giancarlo Ruocco, Alessandro Rosa, Giorgio Gosti
Summary: Neural rosettes, developed from human pluripotent stem cells, provide a relevant experimental model to study the self-organization in morphogenesis. The formation of the neural tube, similar to neural rosettes, is an important process to investigate due to its association with severe diseases. Understanding the complex interplay between differentiation, tissue development, growth, migration, cytoarchitecture organization, and cell type evolution is crucial to comprehending the process of rosette formation.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Andrea Crisanti, Matteo Paoluzzi
Summary: By using the path integral representation approach, we calculate the most probable path followed by an active particle under persistent noise between arbitrary starting and final points. We specifically analyze the case of active particles in harmonic potentials, which allows for analytical computation of trajectories. By extending the Markovian dynamics to include an Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process for self-propulsion, we are able to analytically compute trajectories under arbitrary position and self-propulsion velocity conditions. We validate the analytical predictions with numerical simulations and compare the results with those obtained using approximate equilibrium-like dynamics.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Jorge P. Rodriguez, Matteo Paoluzzi, Demian Levis, Michele Starnini
Summary: This study analyzes the model of epidemic spreading on self-propelled particles and finds that the motion of agents qualitatively affects the transition of the epidemic. In the long-time regime, the motion of agents changes the nature of the epidemic, resulting in a mean-field-like behavior.
PHYSICAL REVIEW RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Matteo Paoluzzi
Summary: This article examines the role of nonequilibrium terms in active field theories in describing active phase separation, particularly at critical points. Despite their irrelevance at the critical point, these terms still contribute to nontrivial scaling of the entropy production rate.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Matteo Paoluzzi, Luca Angelani, Giorgio Gosti, M. Cristina Marchetti, Ignacio Pagonabarraga, Giancarlo Ruocco
Summary: Experimental evidence suggests a feedback relationship between cell shape and motion. Investigating the effect of aligning cell crawling direction with cell elongation in a biological tissue model, researchers found that this alignment led to nematic patterns in the fluid phase which eventually transitioned into a quasihexagonal solid. However, highly asymmetric cells did not undergo this phase transition, exhibiting characteristics of glassy systems in their dynamics.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Lorenzo Caprini, Umberto Marini Bettolo Marconi
Summary: Recent discoveries show that high-density systems of active Brownian particles organize their velocities into coherent domains with large spatial structures. Velocity alignment is a robust property of ABP, persisting even in the presence of inertial forces and thermal fluctuations. The spatial velocity correlations are found to be non-thermal and fairly insensitive to variations in solvent and active temperatures.
