Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Lotte C. A. Stiekema, Lisa Willemsen, Yannick Kaiser, Koen H. M. Prange, Nicholas J. Wareham, S. Matthijs Boekholdt, Carlijn Kuijk, Menno P. J. de Winther, Carlijn Voermans, Matthias Nahrendorf, Erik S. G. Stroes, Jeffrey Kroon
Summary: The study shows that LDL-C affects monocyte production in the BM compartment, leading to increased circulating proinflammatory monocytes. It also reveals the potential contributory role of HSPC transcriptomic reprogramming in residual inflammatory risk in FH patients.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Hui Peng, Juping Wang, Xuhong Song, Jiangni Huang, Haoming Hua, Fanlu Wang, Ziyun Xu, Jing Ma, Jie Gao, Jing Zhao, Anna Nong, Dongyang Huang, Bin Liang
Summary: PHLDA1 is involved in the regulation of TLR4 signaling pathway and functions as a negative regulator of LPS-induced proinflammatory cytokine production. It attenuates the production of proinflammatory cytokines by inhibiting the phosphorylation levels of key molecules in TLR4/MyD88-mediated MAPK and NF-kappa B signaling pathways, and by impairing the translocation and responsive element activities of NF-kappa B and AP1. PHLDA1 also represses LPS-induced proinflammatory cytokine production by binding to Tollip and restraining TLR4 signaling pathway. These findings suggest that PHLDA1 may serve as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of endotoxemia.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Chien-Kuo Han, Wei-Fang Lee, Chin-Jung Hsu, Yuan-Li Huang, Chih-Yang Lin, Chun-Hao Tsai, Chien-Chung Huang, Yi-Chin Fong, Min-Huan Wu, Ju-Fang Liu, Chih-Hsin Tang
Summary: DPP4 plays a crucial role in rheumatoid arthritis, with its expression levels closely associated with the development of inflammatory diseases. Increasing DPP4 expression can reduce levels of inflammatory cytokines.
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kazuya Nishimura, Tatsuhide Tanaka, Shoko Takemura, Kouko Tatsumi, Akio Wanaka
Summary: The study highlights the role of SNX25 in regulating proinflammatory cytokine expression in macrophages through inhibition of the NF-kappa B signal.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Elizabeth A. Kowalski, Eman Soliman, Colin Kelly, Erwin Kristobal Gudenschwager Basso, John Leonard, Kevin J. Pridham, Jing Ju, Alison Cash, Amanda Hazy, Caroline de Jager, Alexandra M. Kaloss, Hanzhang Ding, Raymundo D. Hernandez, Gabe Coleman, Xia Wang, Michelle L. Olsen, Alicia M. Pickrell, Michelle H. Theus
Summary: Circulating monocytes play a critical role in regulating the neuroinflammatory environment in various neuropathological disorders. EphA4, a prominent axon guidance molecule, has been shown to regulate neuroinflammation. In the absence of bone marrow-derived EphA4, mice exhibited neuroprotection, reduced monocyte/macrophage infiltration, and a shift in monocyte gene profile from pro- to anti-inflammatory. This study highlights the importance of monocyte polarization mediated by EphA4 in brain injury.
Article
Hematology
Slimane Allali, Rachel Rignault-Bricard, Mariane de Montalembert, Melissa Taylor, Tahar Bouceba, Olivier Hermine, Thiago Trovati Maciel
Summary: Monocyte activation and systemic inflammation in sickle cell disease (SCD) are associated with the interaction between hemoglobin S (HbS) and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), resulting in the expression of proinflammatory cytokines through the NF-KB and type I interferon pathways. This finding provides new insights for therapeutic approaches targeting the HbS-TLR4 interaction in SCD.
Article
Immunology
Xiaogao Jin, Yanlin Wang
Summary: The study revealed that globular adiponectin induced the production of inflammatory cytokines in Raw 264.7 cells, while full-length adiponectin promoted macrophage migration.
JOURNAL OF INFLAMMATION RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Cho-Hao Lin, Fatemeh Talebian, Yang Li, Jianmin Zhu, Jin-Qing Liu, Bolin Zhao, Sujit Basu, Xueliang Pan, Xi Chen, Pearlly Yan, William E. Carson, Gang Xin, Haitao Wen, Ruoning Wang, Zihai Li, Qin Ma, Xue-Feng Bai
Summary: CD200 is expressed at high levels in many solid tumors and suppresses anti-cancer immunity. This study demonstrated that CD200R-/- mice showed enhanced rejection of CD200+ tumors, with increased infiltration of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, and NK cells, but decreased infiltration of neutrophils. Further analysis revealed that CD200R signaling regulates chemokine expression in TAMCs, leading to increased infiltration of eosinophils, which contribute to anti-tumor activity. Overall, the findings suggest that CD200R signaling plays a role in creating an unfavorable tumor microenvironment and targeting CD200-CD200R may be an effective immunotherapy for solid tumors.
Article
Rheumatology
Takahisa Gono, Yuka Okazaki, Masataka Kuwana
Summary: An antiviral proinflammatory network orchestrated primarily by activated monocytes/macrophages might be responsible for cytokine storm in patients with anti-MDA5-associated interstitial lung disease.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jazmin Cristina Stevens Barron, Christian Chapa Gonzalez, Emilio Alvarez Parrilla, Laura Alejandra De la Rosa
Summary: Flavonoids are plant-derived compounds with various health benefits, including anti-inflammatory effects. Their low bioavailability has limited their use in treating inflammatory diseases. Nanoparticle-mediated delivery of flavonoids, such as polymeric nanoparticles and liposomes, allows sustained release and has shown to significantly downregulate pro-inflammatory cytokines. These findings suggest that this approach may have potential as a therapeutic strategy for inflammatory diseases.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
M. Kouwenberg, W. P. C. Pulskens, L. Diepeveen, M. Bakker-van Bebber, C. A. Dinarello, M. G. Netea, L. B. Hilbrands, J. van der Vlag
Summary: The study evaluated the influence of IL-37 on DC-T cell interaction, finding that IL-37 did not affect mouse DC phenotype or subsequent T cell stimulatory capacity, but did reduce CXCL1 production. Additionally, CXCL1 did not have an effect on T cell proliferation or differentiation.
Article
Neurosciences
Mark Lukas Muller, Lars Peglau, Lawrence D. F. Moon, Stefan Gross, Juliane Schulze, Johanna Ruhnau, Antje Vogelgesang
Summary: NT-3 has an attenuating effect on immune responses in cells from stroke patients and controls, possibly mediated through regulation of TrkC receptors. Treatment with NT-3 reduces the percentage of activated cells and decreases the production of cytokines, except for IL-21.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Tongtong Zhao, Kai Zhang, Yelei Zhang, Yating Yang, Xiaoshuai Ning, Yu Hu, Xiaoyue Li, Yulong Zhang, Lei Xia, Zhenhua Ren, Huanzhong Liu
Summary: This study found evidence that clozapine has a regulatory effect on immune-related proinflammatory cytokines and influences glycometabolism indicators, both in animal experiments and clinical trials. Clozapine-treated patients showed significant increases in blood glucose, BMI, and proinflammatory cytokines, with higher dosages associated with higher cytokine levels. Positive correlations were observed between blood glucose levels and proinflammatory cytokines.
PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Yuehan Gao, He Li, Zhaohuai Li, Lihui Xie, Xiuxing Liu, Zhaohao Huang, Binyao Chen, Xianchai Lin, Xianggui Wang, Yingfeng Zheng, Wenru Su
Summary: The study identified different subtypes within human moDCs and blood DCs, revealing their transcriptomic differences and differentiation trajectories, which will enable more accurate functional and developmental analyses of human cDC2s and moDCs.
JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Felicia M. Michael, Samir P. Patel, Adam Bachstetter, Alexander G. Rabchevsky
Summary: High-level spinal cord injury causes sympathetic dysfunction, autonomic dysreflexia, and chronic immune suppression involving splenic leukopenia. Treatment with gabapentin or TNF-α blockade mitigates the underlying dysfunction and immune dysfunction. This study aims to examine changes in proinflammatory and immunomodulatory cytokines to determine the reason.
JOURNAL OF INFLAMMATION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Matias Ortiz De Zarate, Emmanouil Mentzakis, Simon D. S. Fraser, Paul Roderick, Paul Rutter, Carmine Ornaghi
Summary: The study found that the overall trend of statin prescriptions was mainly driven by a decrease in acquisition costs triggered by patent expiration, with NICE guidelines not seeming to affect prescription trends. There were significant differences in the prescription of the most cost-effective statins among GPs, and it was suggested that the NHS could achieve substantial savings if all GP practices prescribed only the most cost-effective treatment.
JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Carole Fogg, Simon D. S. Fraser, Paul Roderick, Simon de Lusignan, Andrew Clegg, Sally Brailsford, Abigail Barkham, Harnish P. Patel, Vivienne Windle, Scott Harris, Shihua Zhu, Tracey England, Dave Evenden, Francesca Lambert, Bronagh Walsh
Summary: This article describes a cohort study conducted in England to examine the epidemiology of frailty and understand its dynamics within individuals and across the population. The study found that frailty increases with age, along with the prevalence of long-term conditions and specific frailty deficits.
Article
Primary Health Care
Hilda O. Hounkpatin, Paul Roderick, Scott Harris, James E. Morris, Dianna Smith, Bronagh Walsh, Helen C. Roberts, Hajira Dambha-Miller, Qian Yue Tan, Forbes Watson, Simon D. S. Fraser
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the changes in treatment burden over time for individuals with multimorbidity, identify factors associated with these changes, and evaluate a revised single-item measure for high treatment burden. The results showed that treatment burden increased over time, with a higher burden observed in individuals with more long-term conditions and those living further away from their primary care providers. Improving access to primary care and enhancing health literacy may help mitigate increases in treatment burden.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF GENERAL PRACTICE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Hugh Gallagher, Jennifer Dumbleton, Tom Maishman, Amy Whitehead, Michael Moore, Ahmet Fuat, David Fitzmaurice, Robert A. Henderson, Joanne Lord, Kathryn E. Griffith, Paul Stevens, Maarten W. Taal, Diane Stevenson, Simon D. Fraser, Mark Lown, Christopher J. Hawkey, Paul J. Roderick
Summary: This study is the first definitive trial of aspirin for primary CVD prevention in CKD patients, aiming to determine whether the benefits of aspirin in preventing CVD events outweigh the risks of major bleeding. The research will be of great interest to clinicians, guideline groups and policy-makers, given the global significance of CKD and the low cost of aspirin.
Review
Primary Health Care
Kate S. H. Matthews, Susannah C. Rennoldson, Simon D. S. Fraser
Summary: This study aimed to determine whether changes in organization and delivery of health systems and services can improve aspects related to treatment burden for people with multiple long-term conditions (LTCs). A systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was conducted, and the findings suggest that system-level interventions may have an impact on some domains of treatment burden. However, due to substantial heterogeneity among the studies, the synthesis of results was limited, and there were concerns over the bias in the study results.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF GENERAL PRACTICE
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Dominic L. Sykes, Michael G. Crooks, Simon P. Hart, Warren Jackson, John Gallagher, Alyn H. Morice
Summary: This study investigated patterns of esophageal motility in patients with refractory respiratory symptoms using high-resolution esophageal manometry (HROM). The findings revealed that two-thirds of the patients had esophageal dysmotility, suggesting a potential contribution of motility disorders to the development and progression of respiratory diseases.
RESPIRATORY MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Sebastian Stannard, Emilia Holland, Sarah R. Crozier, Rebecca Hoyle, Michael Boniface, Mazen Ahmed, James McMahon, William Ware, Zlatko Zlatev, Nisreen A. Alwan, Simon D. S. Fraser
Summary: This study utilized the 1970 British Cohort Study to estimate the prevalence of a common three-condition early-onset multimorbidity group and found that high blood pressure, psychological distress, and back pain were the most common combination. Psychological distress and back pain emerged as the most common sentinel conditions, highlighting the importance of understanding early indicators of multimorbidity.
Review
Education, Scientific Disciplines
James Bevan, Rachel Blyth, Benjamin Russell, Lydia Holtgrewe, Annie Hoi Ching Cheung, Isobel Austin, Viraj Shah, Megan Butler, Simon Fraser
Summary: There is significant disparity in the teaching of planetary health and sustainability topics in UK medical education, with some courses performing better due to having dedicated sessions on these topics. More educational focus is needed on sustainability in healthcare.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Bronagh Walsh, Carole Fogg, Scott Harris, Paul Roderick, Simon de Lusignan, Tracey England, Andrew Clegg, Sally Brailsford, Simon D. S. Fraser
Summary: Frailty is common in older adults and is associated with increased health and social care use. Longitudinal information is needed on population-level incidence, prevalence and frailty progression to plan services to meet future population needs.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Theresa J. Hydes, Oliver J. Kennedy, Ryan Buchanan, Daniel J. Cuthbertson, Julie Parkes, Simon D. S. Fraser, Paul Roderick
Summary: Having non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events (CVE) and worse survival in individuals with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The presence of NAFLD fibrosis is also associated with a higher risk of CVE and worse survival.
Article
Transplantation
Maarten W. Taal, Bethany Lucas, Paul Roderick, Paul Cockwell, David C. Wheeler, Moin A. Saleem, Simon D. S. Fraser, Rosamonde E. Banks, Tim Johnson, Lorna J. Hale, Uwe Andag, Philipp Skroblin, Michaela Bayerlova, Robert Unwin, Nicolas Vuilleumier, Rodolphe Dusaulcy, Fiona Robertson, Elizabeth Colby, David Pitcher, Fiona Braddon, Melissa Benavente, Elaine Davies, Michael Nation, Philip A. Kalra
Summary: The NURTuRE-CKD cohort is a prospective study that aims to investigate risk factors for adverse outcomes in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The study found that a majority of participants were in high-risk CKD categories, with the primary renal diagnosis being unknown cause. Older participants with lower estimated glomerular filtration rate had higher blood pressure and were less likely to be treated with renin-angiotensin system inhibitors, but were more likely to receive a statin.
NEPHROLOGY DIALYSIS TRANSPLANTATION
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Qian Yue Tan, Helen Roberts, Simon D. S. Fraser, Khaled Amar, Kinda Ibrahim
Summary: This study aims to explore and identify potentially modifiable factors contributing to treatment burden and capacity in people with Parkinson's disease and caregivers. Through semi-structured interviews, four themes of treatment burden and modifiable factors were identified, including challenges with appointments and healthcare access, issues obtaining satisfactory information, managing medications, and lifestyle changes. Potentially modifiable factors of treatment burden include addressing the frequency of appointments, improving healthcare interactions and continuity of care, improving health literacy and information provision, and reducing polypharmacy. Adopting a patient-centered approach may improve health outcomes in Parkinson's disease.
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Nida Ziauddeen, Robin F. Jeffrey, Dagmar Waiblinger, Simon D. S. Fraser, Nisreen A. Alwan, Ho M. Yuen, Rafaq Azad, Dan Mason, John Wright, Richard J. M. Coward, Paul J. Roderick
Summary: This study investigated the association between kidney size at birth and markers of kidney function at 7-11 years. The findings suggest that foetal kidney volume is associated with small increases in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in mid-childhood. Longitudinal follow-up is needed to further explore the relationship between kidney volume and markers of kidney function.
Article
Parasitology
Ritika Sengupta, Madhurima Roy, Nidhi S. Dey, Paul M. Kaye, Mitali Chatterjee
Summary: PKDL is a dermatological sequel of VL, characterized by hypopigmentation and the loss of melanocytes possibly caused by immune dysregulation and inflammation.
TRENDS IN PARASITOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
S. L. Belfrage, M. Husted, S. D. S. Fraser, S. Patel, J. A. Faulkner
Summary: The aim of this systematic review was to examine the effectiveness of community-based health literacy interventions in improving the health literacy of parents. A total of 11 interventions were identified, including both in-person and digital methods, with potential for improving parental health literacy. However, due to heterogeneity among the studies, a meta-analysis could not be conducted. Additional research is needed to further investigate the long-term effects of community interventions on health literacy.
PERSPECTIVES IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
