Article
Infectious Diseases
Shilei Wang, Zhiqiang Xie, Lili Huang, Xu Zhou, Jian Luo, Yuelian Yang, Changgui Li, Peng Duan, Wenting Xu, Dandan Chen, Bing Wu, Yongli Yang, Xueying Liu, Yanxia Wang, Zhenghong Yuan, Di Qu, Ze Chen, Shengli Xia
Summary: The alum-adjuvanted H7N9 whole-virion inactivated vaccine was found to be safe and highly immunogenic in a population aged >= 12 years in China. After receiving two doses of the 7.5-mg vaccine, 98.2% of participants achieved an HI titre of >= 40, with a geometric mean titre of 192.6.
CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Irina Matveeva, Olga Karpova, Nikolai Nikitin, Oleg Akilin, Vasiliy Yelnikov, Irina Litenkova, Roman Melnik, Nikolai Melnik, Karim Asimov, Aleksey Zaberezhny, Yriy Fyodorov, Evgeniya Markova
Summary: The core of reindeer rabies eradication strategy is regular vaccination to achieve and maintain sufficient coverage for stopping rabies virus transmission. The study found that a single dose of 3 ml inactivated rabies vaccine induced stable production of specific neutralizing antibodies in reindeer, and two doses with a 30-day interval established a strong immunity for at least 2 years. The data did not support the benefit of an adjuvanted vaccine for preventing rabies in reindeer.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Taoran Chen, Dexin Kong, Xiaolong Hu, Yinze Gao, Shaorong Lin, Ming Liao, Huiying Fan
Summary: In this study, a T169A mutation was introduced into the HA protein of H7N9 avian influenza virus to generate a mutant with increased thermostability. Immunization with the mutant combined with ISA 71VG induced higher levels of cross-reactive antibodies and cytokine secretion, and provided effective protection against heterologous H7N9 AIV infection. The results suggest that the mutant represents a promising subunit vaccine candidate for the prevention and control of H7N9 avian influenza.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Eduardo Alfredo Adami, Stefanni Liliane Chavez Rico, Milena Apetito Akamatsu, Cosue Miyaki, Isaias Raw, Dourival de Oliveira, Priscila Comone, Ricardo das Neves Oliveira, Maria Leonor Sarno de Oliveira, Patricia Antonia Estima Abreu, Carolina Yumi Takano, Mauricio Meros, Alessandra Soares-Schanoski, Paulo Lee Ho
Summary: This study presents the production of active antigen under current Good Manufacturing Practices for the pandemic influenza vaccine candidate against A(H7N9). The formulated H7N9 vaccine is poorly immunogenic and requires adjuvanted to achieve an optimal immune response. These data are important for initial production planning and preparedness in the case of a H7N9 pandemic.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Xin Yin, Guohua Deng, Xianying Zeng, Pengfei Cui, Yujie Hou, Yanjing Liu, Jingzhen Fang, Shuxin Pan, Dongxue Wang, Xiaohan Chen, Yaping Zhang, Xiurong Wang, Guobin Tian, Yanbing Li, Yan Chen, Liling Liu, Yasuo Suzuki, Yuntao Guan, Chengjun Li, Jianzhong Shi, Hualan Chen
Summary: The H7N9 avian influenza virus has caused five waves of human infection in China, but further cases have been prevented since September 2017 through the use of a vaccine in poultry. However, the virus has not been eradicated from poultry, with genetic analysis revealing new genotypes and the potential for escape from vaccine-induced immunity. The antigenic differences identified between the 2019 H7N9 viruses and the vaccine strain used for control in poultry highlight ongoing challenges in evolution and control of the virus.
Article
Immunology
Patricia Winokur, Hana M. El Sahly, Mark J. Mulligan, Sharon E. Frey, Richard Rupp, Evan J. Anderson, Kathryn M. Edwards, David Bernstein, Kenneth Schmader, Lisa A. Jackson, Wilbur H. Chen, Heather Hill, Abigail Bellamy
Summary: Administration of MF59-adjuvanted H7N9 IIV vaccine in older adults resulted in only modest immune responses, with no significant differences observed between different antigen doses or dosing schedules. The vaccine was generally well tolerated, with a few mild potentially immune mediated adverse events reported.
Article
Immunology
Anastasia Piniaeva, Georgy Ignatyev, Liubov Kozlovskaya, Yury Ivin, Anastasia Kovpak, Alexander Ivanov, Anna Shishova, Liliia Antonova, Yusuf Khapchaev, Irina Feldblium, Olga Ivanova, Aleksandra Siniugina, Aydar Ishmukhametov
Summary: The PoliovacSin vaccine, made from Sabin strains, has shown good safety and immunogenic properties in clinical trials, providing a viable option for increasing the global supply of inactivated vaccines.
Article
Microbiology
Jun Li, Rumeng Li, Qi Zhang, Peipei Peng, Xiaoquan Wang, Min Gu, Zenglei Hu, Xinan Jiao, Daxin Peng, Jiao Hu, Xiufan Liu
Summary: This study demonstrates that the H7N9 VLP vaccine provides complete clinical protection against HP H7N9 virus, significantly inhibits virus shedding, and abolishes viral replication in chickens. The VLP vaccine represents a promising alternative strategy for the development of novel H7N9 avian influenza vaccines for chickens.
VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Brian Furey, Kathleen Slingerland, Mark R. Bauter, Celeste Dunn, Richard E. Goodman, Sophia Koo
Summary: Fy Protein (TM), a macro-ingredient produced from the fermentation of Fusarium strain flavolapis, has been evaluated for its nutritional value, digestibility, genotoxicity, allergenicity, toxicity, secondary metabolites, and pathogenicity. The results confirm that Fy Protein has low toxicological, genotoxic, pathogenic, and allergenic potential under the conditions tested and anticipated use.
FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Iuliia M. Gilchuk, Sandhya Bangaru, Nurgun Kose, Robin G. Bombardi, Andrew Trivette, Sheng Li, Hannah L. Turner, Robert H. Carnahan, Andrew B. Ward, James E. Crowe Jr
Summary: This study examined the B cell response to H7 HA in individuals who had recovered from natural H7N9 virus infection. Circulating H7-reactive B cells were found to recognize a diverse antigenic landscape on the HA molecule and exhibit broad recognition of unrelated H7 strains. Functional testing of the antibodies revealed diverse patterns of inhibition, including neutralizing and HA trimer-disrupting activities.
Article
Plant Sciences
Mengting Li, Xiaoyu Song, Jie Li, Xinxin Chen, Jianke Li, Chen Hou
Summary: The present study aimed to evaluate the toxic potential of lacquer seed oil (LSO). Results from acute toxicity study showed no mortality or toxic changes in rats treated with LSO. In the subchronic toxicity study, LSO did not induce significant toxicological changes in clinical observations, body weight, organ weight, biochemical or hematological parameters. Histopathological analysis revealed slight hepatic steatosis and inflammatory infiltration in rats treated with 5000 mg/kg/day of LSO, but this observation was not confirmed by hepatic biochemical analysis.
JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Xiaoxin Wu, Songjia Tang, Zhehua Wang, Xiaoyun Ma, Lingjian Zhang, Fen Zhang, Lanlan Xiao, Shuai Zhao, Qian Li, Ying Wang, Qingjing Wang, Keda Chen
Summary: This study evaluated the potential of Tetra-Peptide Hydrogel as an adjuvant for an H7N9 vaccine. The results showed that D/L-Tetra-Peptide Hydrogels increased the protection of the H7N9 vaccine, indicating their potential as adjuvants against highly pathogenic H7N9 virus.
Article
Immunology
Justin R. Ortiz, Paul W. Spearman, Paul A. Goepfert, Kaitlyn Cross, C. Buddy Creech, Wilbur H. Chen, Susan Parker, Edgar T. Overton, Michelle Dickey, Heather L. Logan, Ashley Wegel, Kathleen M. Neuzil
Summary: This study evaluated the immunogenicity and safety of the AS03-adjuvanted H7N9 influenza vaccine in healthy adults. The results showed that the vaccine had low immunogenicity when administered simultaneously or sequentially with the seasonal influenza vaccine. Immunoprotection declined after 180 days of vaccination with the H7N9 vaccine. However, the seasonal influenza vaccine was immunogenic regardless of the schedule.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Ainur Nurpeisova, Berik Khairullin, Ruslan Abitaev, Kamshat Shorayeva, Kuanish Jekebekov, Elina Kalimolda, Aslan Kerimbayev, Karligash Akylbayeva, Zhandos Abay, Balzhan Myrzakhmetova, Aziz Nakhanov, Zharkinay Absatova, Sergazy Nurabayev, Mukhit Orynbayev, Nurika Assanzhanova, Khairulla Abeuov, Lespek Kutumbetov, Markhabat Kassenov, Yergaly Abduraimov, Kunsulu Zakarya
Summary: This article presents the findings of a preclinical study on QazCovid-in (R), the first COVID-19 vaccine developed in Kazakhstan. The study indicates that the vaccine is safe and immunogenic in BALB/c mice, rats, ferrets, Syrian hamsters, and rhesus macaques. Double immunization enhances antibody growth, with Syrian hamsters showing the most significant immune response.
HUMAN VACCINES & IMMUNOTHERAPEUTICS
(2022)
Review
Oncology
William J. Liu, Haixia Xiao, Lianpan Dai, Di Liu, Jianjun Chen, Xiaopeng Qi, Yuhai Bi, Yi Shi, George F. Gao, Yingxia Liu
Summary: Avian influenza A (H7N9) virus, closely associated with live poultry markets, has caused infections in humans in China since 2013. Five waves of the epidemic occurred between 2013 and 2017, with the emergence of highly pathogenic strains causing concern. Rapid response and control by specialists and officials utilized new technologies and surveillance tools. Characteristics of the virus were reviewed from multiple perspectives to provide tools for reducing future threats from H7N9 and other viruses.
FRONTIERS OF MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Virology
Pui Wang, Wenjun Song, Bobo Wing-Yee Mok, Min Zheng, Siu-Ying Lau, Siwen Liu, Pin Chen, Xiaofeng Huang, Honglian Liu, Conor J. Cremin, Honglin Chen
Article
Microbiology
Pui Wang, Min Zheng, Siu-Ying Lau, Pin Chen, Bobo Wing-Yee Mok, Siwen Liu, Honglian Liu, Xiaofeng Huang, Conor J. Cremin, Wenjun Song, Yixin Chen, Yik-Chun Wong, Haode Huang, Kelvin Kai-Wong To, Zhiwei Chen, Ningshao Xia, Kwok-Yung Yuen, Honglin Chen
Article
Oncology
Rob J. A. Verhoeven, Shuang Tong, Bobo Wing-Yee Mok, Jiayan Liu, Songtao He, Jingfeng Zong, Yixin Chen, Sai-Wah Tsao, Maria Li Lung, Honglin Chen
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Microbiology
Pak-Hin Hinson Cheung, Tak-Wang Terence Lee, Chun Kew, Honglin Chen, Kwok-Yung Yuen, Chi-Ping Chan, Dong-Yan Jin, Ron A. M. Fouchier, Peter Palese, Ron A. M. Fouchier, Peter Palese, Ron A. M. Fouchier, Peter Palese
Article
Virology
Fang Yang, Bo Pang, Kin Kui Lai, Nam Nam Cheung, Jun Dai, Weizhe Zhang, Jinxia Zhang, Kwok-Hung Chan, Honglin Chen, Kong-Hung Sze, Hongmin Zhang, Quan Hao, Dan Yang, Kwok-Yung Yuen, Richard Y. Kao
Summary: The study identified a novel influenza A virus NP inhibitor, FA-6005, which showed broad-spectrum efficacy against various human pandemic and seasonal influenza A and B viruses. FA-6005 targets a conserved NP I41 domain and has the potential to be a multifaceted anti-influenza virus therapeutic, providing chemical-level details for inhibitor optimization. This newly identified NP I41 pocket could serve as an attractive target for drug development to inhibit multiple functions of NP and may aid in the development of universal therapeutics for influenza virus infection.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2021)
Correction
Virology
Kin Kui Lai, Nam Nam Cheung, Fang Yang, Jun Dai, Li Liu, Zhiwei Chen, Kong Hung Sze, Honglin Chen, Kwok-Yung Yuen, Richard Yi Tsun Kao
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Yen-Chin Liu, Bobo Wing-Yee Mok, Pui Wang, Rei-Lin Kuo, Honglin Chen, Shin-Ru Shih
Summary: A novel mechanistic discovery shows that the host decay factor XRN1 contributes to influenza A virus replication by suppressing the host innate immune response. XRN1 facilitates viral replication through direct association with the viral NS1. The inhibitor pAp can suppress viral growth, suggesting a potential antiviral drug development target.
Article
Immunology
Ruiqi Zhang, Ka-Wa Khong, Ka-Yi Leung, Danlei Liu, Yujing Fan, Lu Lu, Pui-Chun Chan, Linlei Chen, Kelvin Kai-Wang To, Honglin Chen, Kwok-Yung Yuen, Kwok-Hung Chan, Ivan Fan-Ngai Hung
Summary: Vaccinating recovered COVID-19 patients with mRNA vaccines boosted their immune response against wild-type and Delta variant viruses. One booster shot effectively enhanced pre-existing neutralizing activity against both variants in recovered subjects, with significant increases in antibody response observed.
Article
Immunology
Ruiqi Zhang, Danlei Liu, Ka-Yi Leung, Yujing Fan, Lu Lu, Pui-Chun Chan, Kelvin Kai-Wang To, Honglin Chen, Kwok-Yung Yuen, Kwok-Hung Chan, Ivan Fan-Ngai Hung
Summary: The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants may impact vaccine effectiveness, while heterologous vaccine strategy is believed to provide better protection. This study evaluated the immunogenicity of an mRNA-inactivated virus vaccine against the SARS-CoV-2 wild-type and variants. The results showed that the vaccine had good immunogenicity initially, but antibody response waned over time and a third dose of the vaccine was needed.
Article
Immunology
Ka-Wa Khong, Danlei Liu, Ka-Yi Leung, Lu Lu, Hoi-Yan Lam, Linlei Chen, Pui-Chun Chan, Ho-Ming Lam, Xiaochun Xie, Ruiqi Zhang, Yujing Fan, Kelvin Kai-Wang To, Honglin Chen, Kwok-Yung Yuen, Kwok-Hung Chan, Ivan Fan-Ngai Hung
Summary: A heterologous prime-boost vaccine strategy can enhance protection against SARS-CoV-2 variants, providing potent neutralizing activity against wild-type virus, Beta variant, Delta variant, and some protection against the Omicron variant. Booster mRNA vaccines result in a more potent immune response compared to inactivated vaccines regardless of the platform used for prime doses.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Kwok-Hung Chan, Ka-Yi Leung, Ricky-Ruiqi Zhang, Danlei Liu, Yujing Fan, Honglin Chen, Kwok-Yung Yuen, Ivan Fan-Ngai Hung
Summary: The study evaluated the performance of a surrogate SARS-CoV-2 NAb assay compared to the live virus microneutralization assay. The results showed high concordance between the surrogate assay and the traditional method in naturally infected individuals and vaccine recipients. The iFlash RBD NAb assay was found to be sensitive and reliable for measuring neutralizing antibodies in patients with COVID-19 and vaccinated individuals.
Article
Microbiology
Ruiqi Zhang, Ka-Yi Leung, Danlei Liu, Yujing Fan, Lu Lu, Pui-Chun Chan, Kelvin Kai-Wang To, Honglin Chen, Kwok-Yung Yuen, Kwok-Hung Chan, Ivan Fan-Ngai Hung
Summary: Effective vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 are crucial for controlling the COVID-19 pandemic by increasing population immunity. However, the side effects associated with these vaccines may lead to vaccine hesitancy. This study examined the correlation between immunogenicity and reactogenicity of two COVID-19 vaccines (BNT162b2 and CoronaVac). The results showed that women had higher levels of neutralizing antibodies compared to men after receiving either BNT162b2 or CoronaVac. Furthermore, a low correlation was observed between the antibody levels and local reactions in females who received BNT162b2, as well as between the antibody levels and fever in males who received BNT162b2. This suggests that common side effects may not always be negative and can serve as an indicator of vaccine immunogenicity. The findings of this study can help increase public acceptance and confidence in COVID-19 vaccination, ultimately aiding in the goal of containing the pandemic.
Article
Microbiology
Michele Mun Hei Chan, Ka-Yi Leung, Ricky Rui Qi Zhang, Danlei Liu, Yujing Fan, Matthew Ka Wa Khong, Anthony R. Tam, Honglin Chen, Kwok-Yung Yuen, Ivan F. N. Hung, Kwok-Hung Chan
Summary: Detection and tracking of antibodies are important in population surveillance and public health measures against COVID-19. This study evaluates the performance of an RDT for detecting SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies and neutralizing antibodies, and compares the results with known antibody titers obtained from live virus microneutralization assays. The study shows promising sensitivity and specificity for both SARS-CoV-2 IgG detection and neutralizing antibodies, suggesting the usefulness of the RDT in various diagnostic and epidemiological settings.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2022)
Article
Virology
Jian-Piao Cai, Cuiting Luo, Kun Wang, Hehe Cao, Lin-Lei Chen, Xiaojuan Zhang, Yuting Han, Feifei Yin, Anna Jinxia Zhang, Hin Chu, Shuofeng Yuan, Kin-Hang Kok, Kelvin Kai-Wang To, Honglin Chen, Zhiwei Chen, Dong-Yan Jin, Kwok-Yung Yuen, Jasper Fuk-Woo Chan
Summary: The development of vaccines specific against the dominant circulating strains of SARS-CoV-2 is being outpaced by the emergence of new immune-evasive variants and subvariants. In this study, researchers explored the hypothesis that intranasal boosting after intramuscular priming could provide a broader level of protection. They found that intranasal boosts with the Fc-linked trimeric spike receptor-binding domain from wild-type SARS-CoV-2 induced significantly higher serum neutralizing antibodies against wild-type SARS-CoV-2 and the Omicron subvariants, compared to vaccination with the inactivated whole virion vaccine. This approach could potentially lengthen the interval required for changing the vaccine immunogen from months to years.
Article
Immunology
Ruiqi Zhang, Kwok-Hung Chan, Pui Wang, Runhong Zhou, Henry Kwong-Chi Yau, Creany Ka-Wai Wong, Meena Wai-Lam Au, Anthony Raymond Tam, Chi-Tao Ng, Matthew Kwok-Chung Lou, Na Liu, Haode Huang, Shaofeng Deng, Rachel Chun-Yee Tam, Ying Liu, Teng Long, Hoi-Wah Tsoi, Miko K. W. Ng, Jian-Piao Cai, Kelvin Kai-Wang To, Man-Fung Yuen, Zhiwei Chen, Honglin Chen, Kwok-Yung Yuen, Ivan Fan-Ngai Hung
Summary: An intranasal COVID-19 vaccine, DelNS1-based RBD vaccines composed of H1N1 subtype (DelNS1-nCoV-RBD LAIV) was developed and tested for safety and immunogenicity in healthy adults. The study recruited 29 participants who were randomly assigned to receive the low or high dose vaccine or a placebo. The vaccine showed moderate mucosal immunogenicity and was well-tolerated, indicating the need for further clinical trials.
